Barbados: Safe Education Sector Plan - Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Villavicencio, Xuzel; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

Dominica: Safe Education Sector Plan - Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Villavicencio, Xuzel; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Dominica: Safe Education Sector Plan - Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Villavicencio, Xuzel; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

Contingency plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Contingency plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

St. Kitts and Nevis: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

St. Kitts and Nevis: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

St. Lucia: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

St. Lucia: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

St. Vincent and the Grenadines: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

St. Vincent and the Grenadines: Safe Education Sector Plan - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/

Going digital: How learning and employment records shape access to quality education and jobs - Milman, Annelies Goger, Allyson Parco, Rohan Carter-Rau, Jessa Henderson, Kazumi Homma, Ani Meliksetyan, and Natalie (Brookings, 2022)
New research draws from three case studies on implementing and governing new digital education assets to help create more equitable learning and employment pathways.
Keywords: Final_citation; existing

Improving Learning Through Classroom Experience in East Africa: Temperature, Lighting, and Sound Quality – Inception report - Haßler, Björn; Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel Ana; Macharia, Grace; Toyinbo, Oluyemi; Nambatya, Mauricia; Mtebe, Joel; Schaffer, Jens; Wargocki, Pawel; Adam, Taskeen (Open Development & Education, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _publish; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

How-To Note: Addressing the Principles for Digital Development in Project and Activity Design | Document | USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development, 2022)
The How-to Note: Addressing the Principles for Digital Development in Project and Activity Design is a brief, user-friendly guide that helps program design teams understand and prioritize the Digital Principles most relevant to their work.

Study on the Use of Ict in Education and Remote Learning During Crises and the Required Investment for Digital Transformation for African Countries (Association for the Development of Education in Africa, 2022)

The-State-of-Mobile-Internet-Connectivity-Report-2022.pdf - GSMA (2022)

Mapeo y análisis de programas EdTech en América Latina y el Caribe - Myers, Christina; Wyss, Natalie; Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel; Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Este documento se elaboró ​​en respuesta a una solicitud de la Oficina Regional de UNICEF para América Latina y el Caribe al Servicio de Asistencia de EdTech Hub en octubre de 2021. El equipo de UNICEF solicitó una lista seleccionada de programas de EdTech en la región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) y un análisis de un conjunto de programas preseleccionados con la intención de explorar su potencial para la implementación y el impacto a escala. Este informe no pretende cubrir todos los programas EdTech innovadores en la región de ALC. Más bien, presenta una lista de programas EdTech prometedores y analiza su diseño e implementación con el fin de explorar su relevancia y potencial para lograr un impacto a gran escala. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Targeted and Multidimensional Approaches to Overcome Inequalities in Secondary Education for Adolescent Girls: The Impact of the Campaign for Female Education (CAMFED) Program in Tanzania and Zimbabwe - Rose, Pauline; Sabates, Ricardo; Delprato, Marcos; Alcott, Ben (Comparative Education Review, 2022)
In many low- and lower-middle-income countries, key barriers to girls’ secondary school access and learning include poverty, school inaccessibility, poor school quality, and lack of gender-sensitive practices in the classroom. The nongovernmental organization, Campaign for Female Education (CAMFED), provides a range of financial, pedagogical, and community-supported interventions aimed at removing these barriers in government secondary schools in Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Using longitudinal data, we adopt quasi-experimental methods to examine the impact of the CAMFED program on reducing secondary school dropout and improving test scores in English and mathematics. Results suggest that the CAMFED program has a significant effect on both improving access and learning for the most disadvantaged adolescent girls. However, low-performing learners remain particularly at risk of dropout, necessitating further consideration and support for these girls.

Parametric Climate Insurance Using Blockchain Technology: A Feasibility Study on Technical and Economic Viability in Fiji - Secretariat, Commonwealth (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
Blockchain technology has the potential to drive efficiencies throughout the insurance value chain. This study aimed to investigate the likely customer demand for, technical feasibility and economic viability of blockchain-based climate catastrophe insurance (BBCCI) in Fiji. The report analysed BBCCI’s application in the context of Fiji by undertaking a technical feasibility assessment, which was followed by an economic feasibility assessment. Based on these assessments, a roadmap for the implementation of BBCCI in Fiji is recommended.

Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) Toolkit: Long form version - Secretariat, Commonwealth (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
High-quality and accessible Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) lays the foundation for healthy and well-functioning societies. Effective ECCE systems equip young children with the means to develop to their fullest potential during their formative years, in a safe and inspiring environment, nurtured by well trained professional teachers and carers. The Commonwealth’s ECCE Toolkit has been designed as a resource for Ministers of Education and officials to increase access to quality ECCE services, for ages 0 to 8 years, using a multi-sectoral approach. This toolkit outlines five features to support this approach, covering topics including conducting situational ECCE sector analyses, planning and implementing quality services,methods to expand access, and monitoring and evaluating ECCE systems. In addition, it aims to assist governments in ensuring these services are responsive to the rights, needs, and capabilities of children, their families and their communities.

Sierra Leone TCPD Sandbox Report (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

Improving Results In Secondary Education (IRISE) - Open Development & Education (2022)
The IRISE project aims is to assist the Government of Liberia to improve the senior secondary education through “innovative approaches”.

A Commonwealth Guide to Ocean Climate Finance: A Guidance Document for Policy-Makers and Ocean Advocates - Secretariat, Commonwealth (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
Drawing from a wide range of resources on ocean climate finance, this guide is intended to support practitioners, policy-makers and ocean advocates to understand the ‘seascape’ of ocean climate finance, and empower them to design and develop more successful ocean climate finance applications. It introduces the special characteristics of ocean-based mitigation and adaptation projects, explains the diffferent sources and types of finance available, and equips readers with a practical understanding of the priorities of different funding groups from both the public and private sectors. The global ocean is a critically important component of the Earth’s biosphere and climate system, but it faces tremendous threats from the impacts of climate change, including warming, acidification, pollution and development. While the global landscape of climate finance is growing quickly, funding for ocean-based climate mitigation and adaptation projects remains disproportionately small. In this context, the guide provides a clear and practical guide for project design and development, including best practices for securing finance and a wealth of tools and resources for those seeking funding for ocean-based initiatives. These include decision trees to identify the best funding match for your project; checklists for finance applications; and perhaps most importantly, a long-term, strategic approach to project development that is focused on building communities of practice and partnerships between governments, the private sector, public institutions, civil society organisations and communities. It also includes summaries of funding sources and investment models, as well as case studies and examples of best practice. The guide encourages project proponents to pursue long-term planning for crosscutting projects that deliver multiple integrated goals, both environmental and social. Recognising and addressing the unique features and opportunities of ocean-based projects, and the barriers to them, can contribute to realistic and impactful project design. Furthermore, proactively building partnerships with the private sector allows project proponents to access the largest source of finance in the global economy as well as its associated skills and resources.

Children's Privacy: An Evaluation of EdTech Privacy Policies - West, Tobi (2022)
Due to social distancing requirements at the onset of the pandemic many schools suddenly transitioned to online learning platforms. Additionally, minors create a significant amount of digital assets, often without regard for privacy or future use. Without ill intent, adults may encourage children to create digital assets containing private information, potentially leading to future embarrassment. During the child's younger years, they have the autonomy to create digital assets, yet they do not have the legal right to determine the use or deletion of those assets. Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) is meant to protect children's privacy and as early adopters of new education technology, eager teachers are deciding which tools to use that may circumvent their school or district's approval processes. As features of their products, Education technology (EdTech) companies may share the data collected from children with third-party service providers to perform data analysis. Those service providers may not share the same compliance level in their privacy policy, putting the privacy and security of consumer data at further risk. This study reviews the privacy policies of three EdTech tools for COPPA compliance based on the Federal Trade Commission's tips for consumers. The report includes information about the privacy implications of third-party data processing, the legal consequences of privacy violations after the collection of minors' digital assets, and an explanation of the privacy policy evaluation reports of EdTech tools provided by Common Sense Media with suggestions for parents, teachers, and school administrators.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

Digital tools for real-time data collection in education - Gustafsson-Wright, Emily; Osborne, Sarah; Aggarwal, Muskan (Brookings, 2022)
Real-time performance data in education enable critically needed tracking of program activities and instructors' and learners' progress to better inform adaptations along the way. In this report, we provide an overview of some of the key considerations related to real-time data collection in education, with a particular focus on the digital tools that enable their collection. Importantly, we have developed a typology of tools and selection criteria to support policymakers, practitioners, and researchers around the globe in either developing new tools or selecting from the landscape of existing ones. Our aim is to help initiate dialogue around the use of real-time data for adaptive management in education and contribute to data-informed decisions toward ensuring that all children have access to quality teaching and learning experiences.
Keywords: Final_citation; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

No teacher is an Island - Open Development & Education - Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Bokamba, Tania Elena Megogo; Mason, Miriam; Godwin, Katie; Godwin, Anne-Fleur Lurvink, Tania Elena Megogo Bokamba, Miriam Mason and Katie Godwin, Anne-Fleur Lurvink, Tania Elena Megogo Bokamba, Miriam Mason and Katie (2022)
When we step into the head-teacher’s office in one of our project schools, Foday, the facilitator comes in and greets us. He asks us to be patient while they sort out lunch for the children and get the teachers together. We sit back and relax, and watch the hundreds of learners receive their rice

No teacher is an island - Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Godwin, Katie; Mason-Sesay, Miriam (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Artificial intelligence for strengthening healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review - Ciecierski-Holmes, Tadeusz; Singh, Ritvij; Axt, Miriam; Brenner, Stephan; Barteit, Sandra (npj Digital Medicine, 2022)
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), AI has been promoted as a potential means of strengthening healthcare systems by a growing number of publications. We aimed to evaluate the scope and nature of AI technologies in the specific context of LMICs. In this systematic scoping review, we used a broad variety of AI and healthcare search terms. Our literature search included records published between 1st January 2009 and 30th September 2021 from the Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health and APA PsycInfo databases, and grey literature from a Google Scholar search. We included studies that reported a quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation of a real-world application of AI in an LMIC health context. A total of 10 references evaluating the application of AI in an LMIC were included. Applications varied widely, including: clinical decision support systems, treatment planning and triage assistants and health chatbots. Only half of the papers reported which algorithms and datasets were used in order to train the AI. A number of challenges of using AI tools were reported, including issues with reliability, mixed impacts on workflows, poor user friendliness and lack of adeptness with local contexts. Many barriers exists that prevent the successful development and adoption of well-performing, context-specific AI tools, such as limited data availability, trust and evidence of cost-effectiveness in LMICs. Additional evaluations of the use of AI in healthcare in LMICs are needed in order to identify their effectiveness and reliability in real-world settings and to generate understanding for best practices for future implementations.
Keywords: Health policy; Translational research

Behaviour change key principles for EdTech | MASTER framework - Rahman, Asad; Carter, Alice; Wambûi Kuria, Catherine; Mbugua, Ciku; Simpson, Lea; Kably, Nathan (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org

Behaviour change key principles for EdTech | MASTER framework - Rahman, Asad; Carter, Alice; WambûiKuria, Catherine; Mbugua, Ciku; Simpson, Lea; Kably, Nathan (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An EdTech Hub sandbox fast-tracks promising EdTech interventions by providing funding, tools, and access to evidence. It provides a space for partners to test and grow ideas in conditions of uncertainty. Since 2020, EdTech Hub has worked with partners in eight countries, to test and grow EdTech based on our sandbox methodology. When testing and growing EdTech, this tool aims to help you get started with ways to design for innovation behaviours or mindsets and make them stick. Keywords: behavioural change; behavioural design; behavioural innovation; EdTech; innovation; sandbox; intervention design An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

12. Profiling - ICO (UK) (2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; existing

A Theory of Change for Parents and Caregivers Towards a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh - Clark-Wilson, Alison; Bashir, Amreen; Ahmed, Shakil; Mazari, Haani; Kaye, Tom; Radford, Kate; Otieno, Jennifer (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org

Developing a national EdTech strategy - Coflan, Caitlin; Wyss, Natalie; Thinley, Sangay; Roland, Mark (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

School Leaders’ Preferences on School Location in Sierra Leone: An individual and school-level study - Espinoza-Revollo, Patricia; Ramirez, Ana; Atherton, Paul; Mackintosh, Alasdair (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Attracting qualified teachers to remote areas is a challenge in Sierra Leone. The pupil-to-qualified-teacher ratio in rural areas is 76:1, rising to 83:1 for schools located more than 15 km away from urban centres — well above the national target of 40:1. As equitable teacher deployment is crucial to ensure high-quality education, the Teaching Service Commission (TSC) aims to increase the deployment of qualified teachers to the most remote areas of the country. This paper describes a quantitative survey of school leaders’ perceptions of what shapes school location preferences and what factors need to be in place (i.e., incentives) to address the imbalanced distribution of qualified teachers in the country. We used data from a text message survey sent to school leaders around the country. This paper accompanies a qualitative inquiry on the same topic: What Matters Most for Teacher Deployment? A case study on teacher school choice preferences in Sierra Leone. Together with the qualitative study, our findings aim to address a gap in empirical evidence on teacher school preferences in Sierra Leone and contribute to a growing literature on teachers’ preferences in low- and middle-income countries. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

Serious Concerns About Racial Disparity Among Girls ‘Kicked Out’ of School - Agenda Alliance (Agenda Alliance, 2022)

Improving Enrollment and Learning Through Videos and Mobiles: Experimental Evidence from Northern Nigeria - Orozco-Olvera, Victor; Rascon-Ramirez, Ericka G. (2022)
School enrollment and learning outcomes often lag far behind in settings where traditional social norms prevail. We present the main findings of a cluster randomized control trial that tested two components of a five-day intervention targeting 6-9-year-old children and their parents in northern Nigeria. These components consisted of community video screenings to reshape parental aspirations and attitudes towards education, and mobile literacy apps. After 12 months, community screenings decreased out-of-school children by 42 percent though did not improve learning outcomes. In half of the treatment communities, we provided an add − on where a third of attending households received a smartphone pre-loaded with gamified and digital library apps. This combined intervention increased literacy and numeracy skills by 0.46 and 0.63σ respectively. Learning impacts on boys and girls were similar in magnitude. The combined intervention had spillovers on non-targeted older children, where we observe an increase in literacy and numeracy skills of 0.34 and 0.47σ, and on adolescents a decrease in parenthood (13%) and early entry into the labor market (14%). Finally, using a standarized metric for reporting gains from education interventions, our results suggest that combining aspirational videos with engaging apps is a highly effective and cost-effective tool, a relevant finding for home-learning interventions targeting rural, low-literate communities that are governed by traditional social norms, where the evidence base remains scarce.
Keywords: Final_citation; aspirations; cited; disruptive technologies; early marriage; early parenthood; existing; learning; school enrollment; self-efficacy

Cost-Effective EdTech Paper 1: A position piece on how the sector can make progress - Mitchell, Joel; D'Rozario, Jonny (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Wearables for Measuring Health Effects of Climate Change–Induced Weather Extremes: Scoping Review - Koch, Mara; Matzke, Ina; Huhn, Sophie; Gunga, Hanns‐Christian; Maggioni, Martina Anna; Munga, Stephen; Obor, David; Sié, Ali; Boudo, Valentin; Bunker, Aditi; Dambach, Peter; Bärnighausen, Till; et al. (Jmir mhealth and uhealth, 2022)
Although climate change is one of the biggest global health threats, individual-level and short-term data on direct exposure and health impacts are still scarce. Wearable electronic devices (wearables) present a potential solution to this research gap. Wearables have become widely accepted in various areas of health research for ecological momentary assessment, and some studies have used wearables in the field of climate change and health. However, these studies vary in study design, demographics, and outcome variables, and existing research has not been mapped.In this review, we aimed to map existing research on wearables used to detect direct health impacts and individual exposure during climate change-induced weather extremes, such as heat waves or wildfires.We conducted a scoping review according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) framework and systematically searched 6 databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], IEEE Xplore, CINAHL [EBSCOhost], WoS, Scopus, Ovid [MEDLINE], and Google Scholar). The search yielded 1871 results. Abstracts and full texts were screened by 2 reviewers (MK and IM) independently using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria comprised studies published since 2010 that used off-the-shelf wearables that were neither invasive nor obtrusive to the user in the setting of climate change-related weather extremes. Data were charted using a structured form, and the study outcomes were narratively synthesized.The review included 55,284 study participants using wearables in 53 studies. Most studies were conducted in upper-middle-income and high-income countries (50/53, 94%) in urban environments (25/53, 47%) or in a climatic chamber (19/53, 36%) and assessed the health effects of heat exposure (52/53, 98%). The majority reported adverse health effects of heat exposure on sleep, physical activity, and heart rate. The remaining studies assessed occupational heat stress or compared individual- and area-level heat exposure. In total, 26% (14/53) of studies determined that all examined wearables were valid and reliable for measuring health parameters during heat exposure when compared with standard methods.Wearables have been used successfully in large-scale research to measure the health implications of climate change-related weather extremes. More research is needed in low-income countries and vulnerable populations with pre-existing conditions. In addition, further research could focus on the health impacts of other climate change-related conditions and the effectiveness of adaptation measures at the individual level to such weather extremes.
Keywords: openalex:citedBy; openalex:import; selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024; tagged

Project: Extending design thinking with emerging digital technologies (Exten.D.T.2) (Lnu.se, 2022)
The core ideas of the project rest on the assumption that design thinking combined with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and educational robotics provide new and innovative ways to address the challenges and opportunities for learning and education in the age of digital transformations – from current to future practices.

Educational attainment gap: Regional disparities - Winchester, Nicole (2022)
Following the release of this year’s GCSE and A-level results, some commentators have raised concerns that the educational attainment gap between the north and south of England has widened. This issue is the focus of an upcoming question for short debate in the House of Lords. In preparation for the debate, this briefing looks at recent commentary on the issue and provides an overview of this year’s results.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The effects of language preference and home resources on foundational literacy retention during school holiday closures in Ghana: Lessons from the Complementary Basic Education Programme - Akyeampong, Kwame; Carter, Emma; Rose, Pauline; Ryan, Jennifer; Sabates, Ricardo; Stern, Jonathan M. B. (PROSPECTS, 2022)
This article assesses the extent to which children’s language preference and their home environment matter for literacy retention. Using data from the Complementary Basic Education (CBE) program in Ghana, the authors found that large numbers of disadvantaged students reverted to not even being able to read a single word following school closures over a four-month holiday period. Widening literacy gaps were found for girls who reported they did not receive instruction in a language that they understood or did not have the resources, support, or activities at home to enable them to continue to learn while schools were closed. For boys, widening literacy gaps were only influenced by resources, support, or activities at home, but not by language preferences. The article findings suggest that schools and teachers must pay closer attention to language preference, particularly for girls, in order to ensure that language of instruction is not a barrier to literacy retention. The article also provides further evidence to support the growing claims that home supports are essential for reducing inequities in learning outcomes during school closures.
Keywords: Covid-19 school closure; Equity; Ghana; Learning; Literacy; Mother-tongue education

How Big Are Effect Sizes in International Education Studies? - Evans, David K.; Yuan, Fei (Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2022)
A growing literature measures the impact of education interventions in low- and middle-income countries on both access and learning outcomes. But how should one contextualize the size of impacts? This article provides the distribution of standardized effect sizes on learning and access from 234 studies in low- and middle-income countries. We identify a median effect size of 0.10 standard deviations on learning and 0.07 standard deviations on access among randomized controlled trials. Effect sizes are similar for quasi-experimental studies. Effects are larger and demonstrate higher variance for small-scale studies than for large-scale studies. The distribution of existing effects can help researchers and policymakers to situate new findings within current knowledge and design new studies with sufficient statistical power to identify effects.
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

How Big Are Effect Sizes in International Education Studies? - Evans, David K.; Yuan, Fei (Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2022)
A growing literature measures the impact of education interventions in low- and middle-income countries on both access and learning outcomes. But how should one contextualize the size of impacts? This article provides the distribution of standardized effect sizes on learning and access from 234 studies in low- and middle-income countries. We identify a median effect size of 0.10 standard deviations on learning and 0.07 standard deviations on access among randomized controlled trials. Effect sizes are similar for quasi-experimental studies. Effects are larger and demonstrate higher variance for small-scale studies than for large-scale studies. The distribution of existing effects can help researchers and policymakers to situate new findings within current knowledge and design new studies with sufficient statistical power to identify effects.

The effectiveness of installing solar panels at schools in Pakistan to increase enrolment - Gillani, Abbas A.; Khan, Sana; Nasir, Sadia; Niaz, Salwa (Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2022)
At present, 35% of all primary schools and 15% of all secondary schools in Pakistan do not have access to electricity, severely impacting student participation and performance. Earlier literature exploring the effects of electrification of schools through solar electricity on educational access and outcome has been very limited, but recently it has gained attention. By examining data of more than 20,000 schools across 176 districts of Pakistan from the years 2013 until 2018, this paper quantifies the effectiveness of installing solar panels at schools to generate electricity, and thus increasing student participation through higher enrolment. The results show that a school where a solar panel was installed as an education policy initiative witnessed an increase in enrolment, when compared to a school that did not have a solar panel installed under the education policy initiative. This research highlights an immediate need of electrification of schools in order to improve learning outcomes. It also quantifies the effects of using solar electricity at schools that otherwise may not have access to electricity via the conventional grid system. Finally, as Pakistan ranks second in the list of countries with the worst pollution in the world, this study provides evidence for policymakers, and urges them to focus on expanding the use of renewable energy resources in all fields of socioeconomic activity in order to reverse the detrimental effects of climate change.
Keywords: Education; Education policy; Enrolment; Pakistan; Solar panels

Ethics of AI in Education: Towards a Community-Wide Framework - Holmes, Wayne; Porayska-Pomsta, Kaska; Holstein, Ken; Sutherland, Emma; Baker, Toby; Shum, Simon Buckingham; Santos, Olga C.; Rodrigo, Mercedes T.; Cukurova, Mutlu; Bittencourt, Ig Ibert; Koedinger, Kenneth R. (International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2022)
While Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) research has at its core the desire to support student learning, experience from other AI domains suggest that such ethical intentions are not by themselves sufficient. There is also the need to consider explicitly issues such as fairness, accountability, transparency, bias, autonomy, agency, and inclusion. At a more general level, there is also a need to differentiate between doing ethical things and doing things ethically, to understand and to make pedagogical choices that are ethical, and to account for the ever-present possibility of unintended consequences. However, addressing these and related questions is far from trivial. As a first step towards addressing this critical gap, we invited 60 of the AIED community’s leading researchers to respond to a survey of questions about ethics and the application of AI in educational contexts. In this paper, we first introduce issues around the ethics of AI in education. Next, we summarise the contributions of the 17 respondents, and discuss the complex issues that they raised. Specific outcomes include the recognition that most AIED researchers are not trained to tackle the emerging ethical questions. A well-designed framework for engaging with ethics of AIED that combined a multidisciplinary approach and a set of robust guidelines seems vital in this context.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

The effectiveness of technology-facilitated personalized learning on learning achievements and learning perceptions: a meta-analysis - Zheng, Lanqin; Long, Miaolang; Zhong, Lu; Gyasi, Juliana Fosua (Education and Information Technologies, 2022)
As a learner-centered approach, technology-facilitated personalized learning has received increasing attention in the field of education. However, it is not clear whether technology-facilitated personalized learning is effective for both learning achievements and learning perceptions. This study aims to close the research gaps and examine the effect sizes of technology-facilitated personalized learning on learning achievements and learning perceptions from 2001 to 2020. In total, 34 empirical studies were synthesized in the present meta-analysis. The findings revealed that technology-facilitated personalized learning had a medium effect size on learning achievements and a small effect size on learning perceptions. Furthermore, the impacts of 10 moderator variables, including the sample levels, sample sizes, learning domains, research design, research settings, intervention duration, learning methods, software and hardware that support personalized learning, and user-oriented personalized parameters, were analyzed in depth. It was found that learning methods and personalized learning software significantly moderated the effect sizes. The novelty and main contribution of this study is threefold. First, this study revealed that technology-facilitated personalized learning was more effective than traditional learning through the comprehensive meta-analysis. Second, this study found that learning methods and personalized learning software could trigger and leverage the effects of technology-facilitated personalized learning. Third, this study proposed a design framework of technology-facilitated personalized learning to facilitate the implementation of personalized learning effectively.
Keywords: Effect size; Final_citation; Learning achievement; Learning perception; Meta-analysis; Personalized learning; cited; existing

The Connection Between Socio-emotional Learning and Girls’ Educational Outcomes - Fitzpatrick, Rachel; Page, Ella (2022)
The literature on socio-emotional learning is vast, with a broad range of programmes and interventions spanning multiples ages with a variety of different objectives. A USAID systematic literature review of SEL interventions, identified a broad range of outcomes identified in evaluations of SEL programmes. The majority of the literature on academic outcomes is drawn from high-income contexts, though a small number of studies looking at the impact of girls’ clubs have sought to make a connection between participation in clubs and academic performance (Marcus et al, 2017; Amenya et al, 2021). Interventions targeting Early Years typically focus on play-based interventions at home and in primary care settings, and on parenting and prenatal skills development and support (Sánchez Puerta et al., 2016). The outcomes of these interventions typically focus on the development of socio-emotional learning skills, parenting behaviours, but also on academic performance (ibid). A World Bank review found that interventions before school were more likely to show favourable results during follow-up. Aside from the direct academic outcomes, SEL is found to have intermediate outcomes too, particularly in lower-income contexts. For example, girls’ clubs are associated with increased enrolment and retention rates at multiple levels of education (Marcus et al, 2017), in addition to increasing girls’ self-esteem and motivation to learn (Amenya et al, 2021). Other programmes with a focus on SEL have been found to improve career-related outcomes, delay pregnancy and early marriage, and support the development of skills required by the workplace, or advancing prosocial/anti-conflict behaviours (Sánchez Puerta et al., 2016).
Keywords: ⚠️ Invalid DOI; ⛔ No DOI found

K4D Strengthening Cross-sector Learning for Education and FCAS - Freed, Danielle (2022)
This K4D Impact Story shares how the K4D’s Education in Fragile and Conflict Affected States (FCAS) Learning Journey supported the UK Government’s and global partners’ understanding of the subject, facilitated dialogue and learning, and equipped advisors with evidence and ideas that promote ongoing stability. This case study was made possible through the contribution of the K4D Programme team, staff at the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, and others who engaged with the resources and K4D Programme.

Understanding Teacher School Choice Preferences: What Matters Most for Teacher Deployment in Sierra Leone? - McBurnie, Chris; Godwin, Katie; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

Mapping and Analysing Digital Learning Platforms in Latin America and the Caribbean - Myers, Christina; Wyss, Natalie; Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel; Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2022)
This document was produced in response to a request from the UNICEF Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office (LACRO) submitted to the EdTech Hub Helpdesk in October 2021. The UNICEF team requested a curated list of digital learning platforms in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region and an analysis of a shortlisted series of platforms intending to explore their potential for at-scale implementation and impact. This report does not aim to cover every leading and innovative digital learning platform in the LAC region. Rather, it presents a list of promising platforms and discusses their design and implementation to explore their relevance and potential for at-scale impact. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Data collection and visualisation tools in the education sector in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia - Vijil, Alejandra; El-Serafy, Yomna; Adam, Taskeen; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Sandbox Handbook V.2.0 - EdTech Hub (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Sandbox Handbook V.2.0 - EdTech Hub (EdTech Hub, 2022)

Using technology to support teacher continuous professional development in Sierra Leone - Beoku-Betts, Iman; Plaut, Daniel; Tanweer, Rabia (2022)

No Teacher is an Island: A case study on the enablers and barriers for effective school-based teacher professional development in Sierra Leone - Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Bangura, Zainab; Fortune, Alhaji; George, Alex H.; Godwin, Katie; Mason-Sesay, Miriam; Moseray, David; Tholley, Ibrahim; Turay, Emmanuel B.; Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _bjoern_cv; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

What are the enablers and barriers for effective School-Based Teacher Professional Development? - Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Bangura, Zainab; Fortune, Alhaji; George, Alex H.; Godwin, Katie; Mason-Sesay, Miriam; Moseray, David; Tholley, Ibrahim; Turay, Emmanuel B.; Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)

Guidance Note on Education Data Mapping in Sub-Saharan Africa: Moving from theory to practice - Selwaness, Irene; Adam, Taskeen; Lawson, Laté; Heady, Lucy (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Technology use in teacher preparation and professional development in low- and middle-income countries: 2023 GEM Report – Evidence review - Hennessy, S.; D'Angelo, Sophia; Koomar, Saalim; Kreimeia, Adam; Adam, Taskeen; Cao, Lydia; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Secondary Education Provision and Impacts of Low Secondary Uptake on Wider Societal Outcomes - Fitzpatrick, Rachael (2022)
This report explores the current uptake and completion of secondary education globally, with a particular focus on sub-Saharan Africa. The report also explores the wider societal benefits of increased secondary completion rates, and the financial considerations that are needed to increase uptake and completion. Using data from UIS (2022) and UNESCO WIDE (2022), the report identified disparities in net enrolment, attendance and completion between primary and both levels of secondary education, particularly upper secondary. In sub-Saharan African countries, achievements in net enrolment at primary level are rarely met with high enrolment levels at either lower or upper secondary level, with this difference even more stark when observing completion rates. Currently, both lower and upper secondary education is not a funding priority amongst many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Of the 27 countries included in analysis, only one country (Mauritius) spent a higher proportion on secondary education compared to other levels (UIS, 2022). Some countries were found to spend a higher proportion of GDP on tertiary education compared to other education levels, with over double the amount spent on tertiary compared to both lower and upper secondary education combined in some instances (Ethiopia, Sierra Leone, South Sudan) (UIS, 2022).

Reaching SDG4 by 2030: Options for Interventions That Can Accelerate Progress in the Lowest-Income Countries - Haßler, Björn (Decision, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Reaching SDG4 by 2030: Options for Interventions That Can Accelerate Progress in the Lowest-Income Countries - Haßler, Björn; Open Development & Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

EdTech in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence - Rodriguez-Segura, Daniel (The World Bank Research Observer, 2022)
The emergence of educational technology (“EdTech”) in developing countries has been received as a promising avenue to address some of the most challenging policy questions within educational systems. In this paper, I review and synthesize all existing studies with credible causal identification frameworks of EdTech interventions in developing countries. While other studies review the evidence for EdTech interventions in developed countries, there is currently no equivalent study for developing contexts, in spite of the rising number of studies being produced. I classify studies into four thematic categories based on the type of EdTech intervention analyzed: Access to technology; technology-enabled behavioral interventions; improvements to instruction; and self-led learning. I find that EdTech interventions centered around self-led learning and improvements to instruction are the most effective forms of EdTech at raising learning outcomes. Similarly, technology-enabled behavioral interventions are less promising for generating large effects but highly cost-effective given their typically low marginal costs. Although expanding access to technology alone is not sufficient to improve learning, it is a necessary first step for some other types of interventions. More broadly, the overall success of interventions rests on the thoughtful customization of the EdTech solution to the policy constraints at hand. Finally, EdTech interventions across all thematic areas can and should act as complements by leveraging their respective comparative advantages to address deficiencies within educational systems in developing countries.

Building a More Sustainable Future in Uganda: One Brick at a Time - Nambatya, Margret Mauricia (CSC Evaluation and Monitoring Programme, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Aprendizaje híbrido Experiencias internacionales con enfoque multimodal - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Coflan, Caitlin (2022)
Esta presentación se elaboró originalmente para una serie de seminarios web sobre aprendizaje blended e híbrido para UNICEF El Salvador y el Ministerio de Educación de El Salvador. Los talleres en línea se impartieron en dos sesiones, con los profesores de El Salvador como parte fundamental de la audiencia. Junto con las lecciones aprendidas de las diversas iniciativas internacionales mapeadas, también se tocaron temas como la infraestructura de las TIC del país y la relevancia de un enfoque de Aprendizaje Socioemocional (SEL). Keywords: híbrido; blended; multimodal; El Salvador; capacitación docente; aprendizaje socioemocional An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Commonwealth Educational Leadership Handbook - Osman, Amina; Miller, Paul (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
Commonwealth Education Ministers and stakeholders have consistently stressed the need to improve school leadership giventhe impact that it can have on school performance and learning outcomes. In 2018, at the 20th Commonwealth Conference of Education Ministers (20CCEM), ministers acknowledged that good governanceand effective educational management practices are central to realising equitable access to quality education. Ministers agreedthat high-quality teaching is a priority, and that the Member States should focus on how teachers and school leaders are trained,recruited and motivated and how the profession is governed. Effective and knowledgeable leaders and managers are essentialthroughout all areas of school management practice because they have an impact on the learning outcomes of children, youngpeople, families and the wider community. This handbook is a practical, immediate response to expressed needs in school leadership development. It aims to supportefforts to integrate school leadership development in the professional development of the education work force, includingthrough reflective practice and conversations about professional development and personal growth.

A Narrative Literature Review of Natural Language Processing Applied to the Occupational Exposome - Schoene, Annika Marie; Basinas, Ioannis; Tongeren, Martie van; Ananiadou, Sophia (International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022)
The evolution of the Exposome concept revolutionised the research in exposure assessment and epidemiology by introducing the need for a more holistic approach on the exploration of the relationship between the environment and disease. At the same time, further and more dramatic changes have also occurred on the working environment, adding to the already existing dynamic nature of it. Natural Language Processing (NLP) refers to a collection of methods for identifying, reading, extracting and untimely transforming large collections of language. In this work, we aim to give an overview of how NLP has successfully been applied thus far in Exposome research.We conduct a literature search on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for scientific articles published between 2011 and 2021. We use both quantitative and qualitative methods to screen papers and provide insights into the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We outline our approach for article selection and provide an overview of our findings. This is followed by a more detailed insight into selected articles.Overall, 6420 articles were screened for the suitability of this review, where we review 37 articles in depth. Finally, we discuss future avenues of research and outline challenges in existing work.Our results show that (i) there has been an increase in articles published that focus on applying NLP to exposure and epidemiology research, (ii) most work uses existing NLP tools and (iii) traditional machine learning is the most popular approach.
Keywords: openalex:citedBy; openalex:import; selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024; tagged

The State of Ransomware in Education 2022 – Sophos Partner News - Sophos (Sophos Partner News July, 2022)
Insights into an ever more challenging attack environment and the growing financial and operational burden ransomware is placing on the education sector.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

EdTech Horizon Scan: Blockchain technology in education - Beoku-Betts, Iman; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2022)
EdTech Hub horizon scans are publications designed to provoke thinking on a range of topics related to the design, implementation, oversight, and monitoring and evaluation of educational technology (EdTech) tools, products, services, and related ideas. This EdTech Horizon Scan examines the use of blockchain technology in education. Beginning with an overview of blockchain technology, the scan explains what blockchain technology is and how it works. The next section focuses on how blockchain technology can be used in education. In particular, it looks at the benefits of using blockchain technology for micro-credentialing and ownership of learning credentials, the transfer of credits and smart contracts, storing student credentials, identity verification and intellectual property protection. Section 4 gives a summary of the use of blockchain technology, noting the different challenges that may be associated with adopting blockchain technology into education systems. Section 5, gives real examples of the use of blockchain technology in education and different education institutions. Key words: blockchain; cryptography; data; decentralised database; digitalisation; education; micro-credentialing; smart contracting; student credentials; verification An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org

Digital Literacy Needs for Online Learning Among Peri-Urban, Marginalised Youth in South Africa - Adam, Taskeen (International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning (IJMBL), 2022)
As online learning modes become more common, this can exacerbate educational inequalities for learners who do not have the ability to utilise these modes effectively. This has been seen in the COVID-19 crisis where there has been a shift to remote and distance learning modalities despite the limited...
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; Final_citation; cited; existing

Hybrid learning International experiences with multimodal approaches - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Coflan, Caitlin (2022)
This slide deck was originally developed for a webinar series on blended and hybrid learning for UNICEF El Salvador and the El Salvador Ministry of Education. The online workshops were delivered in two sessions, with the teachers from El Salvador as a key part of the audience. Along with the lessons learnt from the various international initiatives mapped, subjects like the country's ICT infrastructure and the relevance of a Socio Emotional Learning (SEL) approach were also covered. Keywords: hybrid; blended; El Salvador; multimodal; teacher training; socio-emotional learning. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Blended and Hybrid Learning Initiatives: A curated list for El Salvador - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Coflan, Caitlin Moss (EdTech Hub, 2022)
This document was produced in response to a request from the UNICEF country office and Ministry of Education team of El Salvador that was submitted to the EdTech Hub Helpdesk in November 2021. The UNICEF team requested a curated list of global blended and hybrid initiatives with a focus on initiatives that have used a multimodal strategy, highlighting effective and ineffective practices. This report does not aim to cover every leading and innovative blended / hybrid initiative with relevance to the Salvadoran context. Rather, it presents a list of curated resources with examples of challenges, lessons learned, and teacher training approaches that can be used as a guide when designing a multimodal strategy for the education sector. Keywords: hybrid; blended; El Salvador; multimodal; teacher training; remote learning An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Experimental evidence on learning using low-tech when school is out - Angrist, Noam; Bergman, Peter; Matsheng, Moitshepi (Nature Human Behaviour, 2022)
School closures occurred extensively during the COVID-19 pandemic, and occur in other settings, such as teacher strikes and natural disasters. The cost of school closures has proven to be substantial, particularly for households of lower socioeconomic status, but little evidence exists on how to mitigate these learning losses. This paper provides experimental evidence on strategies to support learning when schools close. We conduct a large-scale randomized trial testing two low-technology interventions—SMS messages and phone calls—with parents to support their child in Botswana. The combined treatment improves learning by 0.12 standard deviations, which translates to 0.89 standard deviations of learning per US$100, ranking among the most cost-effective interventions to improve learning. We develop remote assessment innovations, which show robust learning outcomes. Our findings have immediate policy relevance and long-run implications for the role of technology and parents to support education provision during school disruptions.
Keywords: Development studies; Economics; Education; Final_citation

What Matters Most for Teacher Deployment? A case study of teacher preferences in Sierra Leone - McBurnie, Chris; Godwin, Katie; Beoku-Betts, Iman; Bernard-Jones, Lydia; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

TVET and Digitalization - Literature Review - Megha-Bongnkar, Ghislaine; Haseloff, Gesine; Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Design-Based Implementation Research Baseline Data Collection: Technical report - Koomar, Saalim; Adam, Taskeen; Massam, Winston Edward; Anthony, Gervace; Mrope, Winifrida Jacob; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Mwakabungu, Fika; Komba, Aneth; Hennessy, Sara; Barretto, Johnpaul (EdTech Hub, 2022)

The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update (2022)
Keywords: Final_citation

OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models - Zhang, Susan; Roller, Stephen; Goyal, Naman; Artetxe, Mikel; Chen, Moya; Chen, Shuohui; Dewan, Christopher; Diab, Mona; Li, Xian; Lin, Xi Victoria; Mihaylov, Todor; Ott, Myle; et al. (arXiv, 2022)
Large language models, which are often trained for hundreds of thousands of compute days, have shown remarkable capabilities for zero- and few-shot learning. Given their computational cost, these models are difficult to replicate without significant capital. For the few that are available through APIs, no access is granted to the full model weights, making them difficult to study. We present Open Pre-trained Transformers (OPT), a suite of decoder-only pre-trained transformers ranging from 125M to 175B parameters, which we aim to fully and responsibly share with interested researchers. We show that OPT-175B is comparable to GPT-3, while requiring only 1/7th the carbon footprint to develop. We are also releasing our logbook detailing the infrastructure challenges we faced, along with code for experimenting with all of the released models.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language; Computer Science - Machine Learning

Final Report for Evaluation of RTT - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe),; UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Programmes to Support Foundational Learning in South Asia - Fitzpatrick, Rachel (2022)
Despite great achievements in improving school enrolment and completion levels in South Asia, a high proportion of learners continue to live in learning poverty, with approximately 50 per cent of learners unable to read or understand a simple text by age ten (UNICEF, 2021). Learning levels were severely impacted by large scale school closures as a result of Covid-19, with approximately 434 million learners impacted in the region (UNICEF, 2021). Improving foundational learning outcomes, particularly for the most marginalised, is a key policy priority for many South Asian countries. This report draws together learning from seven programmes in South Asia aimed at improving foundational learning, to provide insight into effective approaches that have previously or continue to have an impact on foundational learning levels.

Education Sector Diagnosis - School safety assessment for six CDEMA Member States - Vijil Morin, Alejandra; Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel Ana; Sheldon, Ayeisha; Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Respect in the Commonwealth: A toolkit for building relationships, generating new ideas and increasing respect - Secretariat, Commonwealth (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
This 'project in a box' on building resilience and inter-community dialogue encompasses detailed instructions, illustrations, and inspiration. The toolkit focuses on how to deliver workshops on inter- and intra-community relationship building, and aims to improve global citizenship literacy, awareness of tools and learning of skills to build socially cohesive and tolerant communities that are resilient to violent extremism. This toolkit is for anyone who feels motivated to improve relationships and respect in the community, the workplace and even among friends and family. You can use it to improve respect generally or to tackle a specific issue, such as hate speech or inter-ethnic conflict. Depending on your level of experience of bringing people together, and the kinds of issues you are working with, you will find a range of different tools to apply. Whether you are experienced in facilitating change or are just starting out, this toolkit has been designed and tested for you.

Indoor heat measurement data from low-income households in rural and urban South Asia - Tasgaonkar, Premsagar; Zade, Dipak; Ehsan, Sana; Gorti, Ganesh; Mamnun, Nabir; Siderius, Christian; Singh, Tanya (Scientific Data, 2022)
Rising temperatures are causing distress across the world, and for those most vulnerable, it is a silent killer. Information about indoor air temperature in residential dwellings is of interest for a range of reasons, such as health, thermal comfort and coping practices. However, there have been only few studies that measure indoor heat exposure, and contrast these to outdoor temperatures in rural-urban areas, of which none are in South Asia. We aim to close this knowledge gap with our indoor and outdoor heat measurement dataset, covering five low-income sites in South Asia. Two sites are in rural areas (Maharashtra, India), while three sites focus on urban areas (Dhaka, Delhi and Faisalabad). Data are based on 206 indoor temperature data loggers and complemented by data from five outdoor automated weather stations. The data-set can be used to examine temperature and humidity variation in low-socioeconomic status households in rural and urban areas and to better understand factors aggravating heat stress. This is important to plan and implement actions for combating heat stress.
Keywords: C:India; Environmental impact; _z:class:countries; _z:class:themes; _z:no_pdf; oa:keyword:indoor heat measurement data; oa:sdg:1 No poverty; oa:topic:T10121 Building Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort Optimization; oa:topic:T10766 Urban Heat Islands and Mitigation Strategies; oa:topic:T11244 Impact of Climate Change on Human Health; openalex:n:1; openalex:yes

Embracing digital skills: Now and tomorrow (Policy Brief) - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe),; UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Education, Open Development and (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Embracing digital skills: Now and tomorrow (infographic) - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe),; UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Cost- and Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling - Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Influences of shadow education on the ecology of education – A review of the literature - Luo, Jiahui; Chan, Cecilia Ka Yuk (Educational Research Review, 2022)
Shadow education, also widely known as private tutoring or supplementary education, has attracted increasing research attention in the past two decades. The global expansion of shadow education, as well as its penetration to different educational stages and social classes, are believed to have far-reaching implications for the overall educational landscape. However, despite a steadily growing body of literature, no study to date has systematically reviewed the influences of shadow education from an ecological perspective. Therefore, borrowing Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how shadow education influences different levels of educational ecosystems (i.e. individuals, micro-, meso-, exo-, and macro-system). Based on 74 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2020, the review reveals complex influences exerted by shadow education on multiple systems (e.g., students, mainstream schooling, families, and larger socioeconomic structures), contributing to a more sophisticated understanding of this phenomenon. The paper then discusses how the rise of shadow education creates significant changes to the ecology of education in which it operates, and concludes with implications for future practice and research.
Keywords: Influence; Private tutoring; Supplementary education; Tutor; shadow Education

Artificial intelligence and the conduct of literature reviews - Wagner, Gerit; Lukyanenko, Roman; Paré, Guy (Journal of Information Technology, 2022)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to transform traditional research practices in many areas. In this context, literature reviews stand out because they operate on large and rapidly growing volumes of documents, that is, partially structured (meta)data, and pervade almost every type of paper published in information systems research or related social science disciplines. To familiarize researchers with some of the recent trends in this area, we outline how AI can expedite individual steps of the literature review process. Considering that the use of AI in this context is in an early stage of development, we propose a comprehensive research agenda for AI-based literature reviews (AILRs) in our field. With this agenda, we would like to encourage design science research and a broader constructive discourse on shaping the future of AILRs in research.
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024; _important-ailr-2024

Effects of Scaffolding in Digital Game-Based Learning on Student’s Achievement: a Three-Level Meta-analysis - Cai, Zhihui; Mao, Peipei; Wang, Dandan; He, Jinbo; Chen, Xinjie; Fan, Xitao (Educational Psychology Review, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Should we paint all classroom roofs white to improve learning in Tanzania? - Proctor, Jamie (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org

Cambodian Secondary School Teachers' Readiness for Online Teaching During the Covid-19 Pandemic - Chea, Phal; Chankoulika, Bo; Minami, Ryuto (2022)
This study intends to review alternative teaching methods during the Covid-19 pandemic and examine teacher readiness in adopting educational technology (edtech) for online teaching as well as factors associated with readiness in the context of secondary schools in Cambodia. To assess teacher readiness, we adopted the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), a framework developed by Mishra and Koehler (2006). Data analysis draws on the surveys of 687 teachers at 43 secondary schools in 10 Cambodian provinces collected in November 2021. The findings show that nearly all the sampled teachers experienced teaching online during the school closure, although about a third of them had completely returned to physical in-person teaching at the time of the interview. Although a good share of teachers adopted both synchronous and asynchronous teaching approaches for their online teaching, more than half of teachers who taught online used only one approach (either synchronous or asynchronous). Cambodian secondary teachers think their pedagogical and content knowledge is relatively high at 3.92 and 3.88 respectively. However, their technological knowledge is low at 2.87. The regression analysis suggests that at the individual level, factors that influence teacher readiness include gender, age, perceived challenge and perceived effectiveness of online teaching. Experience teaching at private schools and level of student-teacher interaction are also found to be positively associated with teacher readiness, while initial pre-service and in-service training are found to have little to no influence on teacher readiness. Teachers with access to computers seem to demonstrate a higher level of readiness for online teaching. As expected, teachers in Phnom Penh are likely to be more ready for online teaching, but to our surprise, teachers at resource schools exhibit a lower level of readiness than their peers at general schools.

Reaching SDG4 by 2030: Characteristics of Interventions That Can Accelerate Progress in the Lowest-Income Countries - Haßler, Björn; Open Development & Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Expanding educational opportunities or widening learning inequalities? Evidence from national reform of pre-primary education in Ethiopia - Kim, Janice; Sabates, Ricardo (Oxford Review of Education, 2022)
Since a nationwide reform of pre-primary education in 2010, Ethiopia has experienced a massive expansion of pre-primary enrolment that increased tenfold in six years. Our paper aims to assess the distribution of early literacy outcomes between children who attended preschool and those who did not and explore how that distribution has changed throughout the reform and by factors such as gender, location, and parental literacy. We find an overall increase in the achievement gaps associated with pre-primary participation between 2010 and 2016. There are also differential patterns in the learning gaps over the reform, with a particular disadvantage for rural students and a relative advantage for students with parents who are not literate. This study suggests that understanding a fuller picture of learning inequality is critical to designing policy to leave no one behind aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: Educational reform; Ethiopia; early childhood education; educational inequality; nonparametric statistics

The effectiveness of technology-supported teacher professional learning communities in emergency settings. Future-Proofing Teacher Education: Voices from South Africa and Beyond - El-Serafy, Yomna; Adam, Taskeen; Haßler, Björn (Future-Proofing Teacher Education: Voices from South Africa and Beyond, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _forthcoming

Future-Proofing Teacher Education: Voices from South Africa and Beyond - Gravett, Sarah; Petersen, Nadine (Routledge, 2022)

“How Dare They Peep into My Private Life?” - Han, Hye Jung (Human Rights Watch, 2022)
The 99-page report, “’How Dare They Peep into My Private Life?’: Children’s Rights Violations by Governments that Endorsed Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic,” is grounded in technical and policy analysis conducted by Human Rights Watch on 165 education technology (EdTech) products endorsed by 49 countries. It includes an examination of 294 companies found to have collected, processed, or received children’s data since March 2021, and calls on governments to adopt modern child data protection laws to protect children online.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Modeling the impact of indoor relative humidity on the airborne transmission of several respiratory viruses risk using a modified Wells-Riley model - Aganovic, Amar; Bi, Yang; Bi, Yang; Cao, Guangyu; Kurnitski, Jarek; Wargocki, Pawel (CLIMA 2022 conference, 2022)
There is good evidence supporting the airborne transmission of many respiratory viruses (measles, influenza A, human rhinovirus and the novel SARS-CoV-2). Relative humidity (RH) is an important factor in understanding airborne transmission as it may impact both airborne survival, inactivation by biological decay, and the gravitational settling of the virusladen droplets. This study aimed to estimate and compare the impact of indoor relative humidity on the airborne infection risk caused by these viruses using a novel modified version of the Wells-Riley model. To gain insights into the mechanisms by which relative humidity might impact airborne transmission infection risk, we modeled the size distribution and dynamics of airborne viruses emitted from a speaking person in a typical residential setting over a relative humidity (RH) range of 20–80% at a temperature of 20-21 °C. Besides the size transformation of virus-containing droplets due to evaporation and then removal by gravitational settling, the modified model also considers the removal mechanism by ventilation. The direction and magnitude of RH impact depended on the respiratory virus. Measles showed a highly significant RH impact that was as strong as the ventilation impact, as the infection risk was roughly the same at RH of 13.5 % and 6 ACH compared to a higher RH of 70 % and 0.5 ACH. For other viruses, ventilation dominated over RH. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, a very high RH of 83.5% was needed to reduce the infection risk. For rhinovirus, however, the high RH of 80% increased the infection risk. Within the acceptable range of RH of 20-50% indoors, our modeling showed that RH had practically no impact for SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus, while the upper RH significantly reduced the infection risk of influenza A at the lowest ventilation rate of 0.5 ACH. This relative impact of RH on infection risk became very weak at higher ventilation rates of 2-6 ACH independently of the virus types (except measles). In conclusion, we showed that in wellventilated rooms, RH range of 20-50% did not affect the airborne risk of influenza A, SARSCoV-2, and rhinovirus.
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT

Development of the TAIL rating scheme for indoor environmental quality in schools - Tran, Minh-Tien; Wei, Wenjuan; Dassonville, Claire; Mandin, Corinne; Wargocki, Pawel; Hequet, Valérie (CLIMA 2022 conference, 2022)
The TAIL rating scheme was developed to assess indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in offices and hotels undergoing deep renovation and was recently extended by the PredicTAIL method allowing prediction of IEQ through modeling. TAIL provides the methodology for rating the quality of the thermal, acoustic, and luminous environments, the indoor air quality, and the overall quality of the indoor environment. The present work is an extension of the use of TAIL rating scheme for school classrooms to provide necessary information for effective actions and mitigation measures to improve classroom IEQ. The TAIL was invented by examining the literature and certification schemes to identify the parameters that characterize IEQ in offices and hotels; 12 parameters were selected. A similarly pragmatic approach is followed when developing the TAIL for schools. The literature published after 2010 was surveyed to identify papers presenting measurements of IEQ in classrooms in Europe, the USA, and Australia; 75 papers were identified. Besides the 12 parameters already included in TAIL, the studies also used other parameters to characterize classroom IEQ. These parameters will be evaluated for their importance for the teaching, learning, and well-being of pupils, as well as measuring complexity, among others. Based on this assessment, the relevant parameters will be selected for inclusion in the TAIL rating for schools. The selection will be assisted using the measurements from the extensive campaign organized by the Indoor Air Quality Observatory in 308 schools and 602 classrooms in France; some of these data will be used to assess the efficacy of the TAIL for schools indicator. The relationships between the newly developed TAIL for schools, the teacher’s perceptions of indoor environmental quality, and detailed building characteristics will be studied.
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT; auto_merged

Evidence on Programmes that have Supported School Return for Disadvantaged Adolescent Girls - Amenya, Donvan (Institute of Development Studies, 2022)
This paper collates evidence on promising programmes that have supported school return for disadvantaged out-of-school girls in Rwanda and in other comparable low-and-middle-income country contexts. The review found evidence showing that interventions that address financial barriers which keep girls out of school delivered through cash transfers, stipends/fee waivers, and girls only scholarships can be effective in enhancing school return for disadvantaged girls. In addition, there is a strong evidence base showing that multi-faceted programmes that integrate health education, foundational skill training, vocational training, and financial literacy are effective in supporting school return for disadvantaged adolescent girls. While results from systematic reviews show that girls clubs can be effective in supporting school retention for disadvantaged girls, there is limited evidence on effectiveness of clubs in supporting school return for disadvantaged girls. The review found very limited evidence on effectiveness of financial and multi-faceted interventions in supporting school return for disadvantaged girls with disabilities.

Evidence on Programmes that have Supported School Return for Disadvantaged Adolescent Girls - Amenya, Donvan (2022)
This paper collates evidence on promising programmes that have supported school return for disadvantaged out-of-school girls in Rwanda and in other comparable low-and-middle-income country contexts. The review found evidence showing that interventions that address financial barriers which keep girls out of school delivered through cash transfers, stipends/fee waivers, and girls only scholarships can be effective in enhancing school return for disadvantaged girls. In addition, there is a strong evidence base showing that multi-faceted programmes that integrate health education, foundational skill training, vocational training, and financial literacy are effective in supporting school return for disadvantaged adolescent girls. While results from systematic reviews show that girls clubs can be effective in supporting school retention for disadvantaged girls, there is limited evidence on effectiveness of clubs in supporting school return for disadvantaged girls. The review found very limited evidence on effectiveness of financial and multi-faceted interventions in supporting school return for disadvantaged girls with disabilities.

Tich mi ar tich dem (E-Cubed) - Open Development & Education - Ferrao, Evette (2022)
Funded by Dubai Cares via the Interagency Network for Education in Emergencies’ E-Cubed research grant, the Tich Mi Ar Tich Dem (‘Teach me to teach them’) programme research addresses the Sierra Leonean government’s need to optimise and validate an effective model for in-service teacher professional development (TPD) in crisis-vulnerable areas of the country.

Effects of airing behaviours on bedroom air pollutants during sleep - Liao, Chenxi; Fan, Xiaojun; Petrova Bivolarova, Mariya; Mainka, Anna; Sekhar, Chandra; Laverge, Jelle; Lan, Li; Akimoto, Mizuho; Wargocki, Pawel (CLIMA 2022 conference, 2022)
Higher ventilation rates were verified to have a positive impact on indoor air quality and therefore benefit sleep quality. However, how does ventilation influence bedroom air quality if the outdoor air quality is poor? Whilst ventilation helps to reduce indoor pollution it inadvertently brings outdoor pollution indoors, such as NO2, which is from vehicular emission. In this study, we collected the info of window and door status during sleep and measured carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) among 38 bedrooms while occupants were sleeping during nights. Meanwhile, the air change rate (ACR) was calculated. The experiments were conducted in the heating season (September to December 2020) in the capital region of Denmark. The median values were 981.8 ppm (mean CO2 level during sleep), 0.6 h-1 (ACR), 3.4 µg·m−3 (NO2), 166.2 µg·m−3 (VOCs), 11.0 µg·m-3 (PM10) and 2.8 µg·m-3 (PM2.5). CO2 levels were positively correlated with VOCs levels, whereas negatively correlated with NO2 levels in bedrooms. ACR was also negatively correlated with VOCs. CO2 levels were significantly higher whereas NO2 levels were lower with both window and door closed compared to them with either window or door open. With higher ventilation rates, while occupants would be less exposed to indoor pollution of VOCs, they would be increasingly exposed to NO2. Future studies of bedroom ventilation and sleep quality should consider outdoor air quality.
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT

Windcatcher (Wikipedia, 2022)
A windcatcher (wind tower, wind scoop) (Persian: بادگیر, Arabic: برجيل) is a traditional architectural element used to create cross ventilation and passive cooling in buildings. Windcatchers come in various designs: unidirectional, bidirectional, and multidirectional. Windcatchers are widely used in North Africa and in the West Asian countries around the Persian Gulf, and have been for the past three thousand years.Neglected by modern architects in the latter half of the 20th century, the early 21st century saw them used again, to increase ventilation and cut power demand for air-conditioning. Generally, the cost of construction for a windcatcher-ventilated building is less than that of a similar building with conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. The maintenance costs are also lower. Unlike powered air-conditioning and fans, windcatchers are silent and continue to function when the electrical grid power fails (a particular concern in places where grid power is unreliable and expensive).Windcatchers rely on local weather and microclimate conditions, and not all techniques will work everywhere; local factors must be taken into account in design.

Using technology to improve the equity of teacher allocation in Sierra Leone: the challenge and a way forward - McBurnie, Chris; Vijil, Alejandra; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Using technology to improve the equity of teacher allocation in Sierra Leone: the challenge and a way forward - McBurnie, Chris; Vijil, Alejandra; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

Factors Related to Teacher Absenteeism in Sierra Leone: Literature Review - Vijil, Alejandra; Bellinger, Amy; Godwin, Katie; Haßler, Björn; McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Factors Related to Teacher Absenteeism in Sierra Leone: Literature Review - Vijil, Alejandra; Bellinger, Amy; Godwin, Katie; Haßler, Björn; McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

OpenAlex: A fully-open index of scholarly works, authors, venues, institutions, and concepts - Priem, Jason; Piwowar, Heather A.; Orr, Richard (ArXiv, 2022)
OpenAlex is a new, fully-open scientific knowledge graph (SKG), launched to replace the discontinued Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG). It contains metadata for 209M works (journal articles, books, etc); 2013M disambiguated authors; 124k venues (places that host works, such as journals and online repositories); 109k institutions; and 65k Wikidata concepts (linked to works via an automated hierarchical multi-tag classifier). The dataset is fully and freely available via a web-based GUI, a full data dump, and high-volume REST API. The resource is under active development and future work will improve accuracy and coverage of citation information and author/institution parsing and deduplication.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of GIS-supported teacher allocation in Sierra Leone: High-level findings on teacher preferences in Sierra Leone - McBurnie, Chris; Godwin, Katie; Beoku-Betts, Iman (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

Patterns of cognitive returns to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use of 15-year-olds: Global evidence from a Hierarchical Linear Modeling approach using PISA 2018 - Bhutoria, Aditi; Aljabri, Nayyaf (Computers & Education, 2022)
Existing literature shows varying impacts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on learning outcomes depending on the type and quality of technology used. However, current research on the optimal level of ICT use for the cognitive development of students is scarce and has remained country-specific, primarily focusing on developed economies. This paper undertakes a cross-country comparison across 79 nations, investigating ICT use and its association with cognitive gain patterns as determined by reading, mathematics, and science test scores of 15-year-olds. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 dataset collected by the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has been used by applying two-stage regression analysis. The first stage involves a three-level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) factoring for data nested at the student-, school-, and country-level. The second stage of the empirical model involves a heterogeneity analysis to evaluate variance in ICT use patterns across different groups of countries, clustered on the basis of their level of ICT development. The results show a positive impact of ICT engagement on the test scores of students across all the subjects. However, returns to ICT use tend to start diminishing after the engagement level of students crosses a medium threshold of using ICT several times within a week. Furthermore, the heterogeneity analysis supports conspicuous diminishing patterns in ICT use irrespective of the economic status of the students. Cross-country comparisons show that diminishing returns to ICT use are more prominent in countries with well-developed ICT infrastructure than in less-developed ones. Where diminishing returns hold, excessive use of ICT in education is not an optimal choice, and significant cognitive gains can be achieved by using the complementarity between traditional learning techniques with ICT-based learning in different blended settings.
Keywords: Concave returns; Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM); Information and communication technology (ICT); Organisation of economic cooperation and development (OECD); Programme for international student assessment (PISA); _genre:PR-primary_research

A sequence-to-sequence approach for document-level relation extraction - Giorgi, John; Bader, Gary; Wang, Bo (BioNLP 2022, 2022)
Motivated by the fact that many relations cross the sentence boundary, there has been increasing interest in document-level relation extraction (DocRE). DocRE requires integrating information within and across sentences, capturing complex interactions between mentions of entities. Most existing methods are pipeline-based, requiring entities as input. However, jointly learning to extract entities and relations can improve performance and be more efficient due to shared parameters and training steps. In this paper, we develop a sequence-to-sequence approach, seq2rel, that can learn the subtasks of DocRE (entity extraction, coreference resolution and relation extraction) end-to-end, replacing a pipeline of task-specific components. Using a simple strategy we call entity hinting, we compare our approach to existing pipeline-based methods on several popular biomedical datasets, in some cases exceeding their performance. We also report the first end-to-end results on these datasets for future comparison. Finally, we demonstrate that, under our model, an end-to-end approach outperforms a pipeline-based approach. Our code, data and trained models are available at https://github.com/johngiorgi/seq2rel. An online demo is available at https://share.streamlit.io/johngiorgi/seq2rel/main/demo.py.

Multi-Stage Prompting for Knowledgeable Dialogue Generation - Liu, Zihan; Patwary, Mostofa; Prenger, Ryan; Prabhumoye, Shrimai; Ping, Wei; Shoeybi, Mohammad; Catanzaro, Bryan (Findings 2022, 2022)
Existing knowledge-grounded dialogue systems typically use finetuned versions of a pretrained language model (LM) and large-scale knowledge bases. These models typically fail to generalize on topics outside of the knowledge base, and require maintaining separate potentially large checkpoints each time finetuning is needed. In this paper, we aim to address these limitations by leveraging the inherent knowledge stored in the pretrained LM as well as its powerful generation ability. We propose a multi-stage prompting approach to generate knowledgeable responses from a single pretrained LM. We first prompt the LM to generate knowledge based on the dialogue context. Then, we further prompt it to generate responses based on the dialogue context and the previously generated knowledge. Results show that our knowledge generator outperforms the state-of-the-art retrieval-based model by 5.8% when combining knowledge relevance and correctness. In addition, our multi-stage prompting outperforms the finetuning-based dialogue model in terms of response knowledgeability and engagement by up to 10% and 5%, respectively. Furthermore, we scale our model up to 530 billion parameters and demonstrate that larger LMs improve the generation correctness score by up to 10%, and response relevance, knowledgeability and engagement by up to 10%. Our code is available at: https://github.com/NVIDIA/Megatron-LM.

Bericht zur tQMP Studie - Haßler, Björn; Haseloff, Gesine; Dreischmeier, Wido (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen

Student Teachers School Experience in Zambia: Experiences and Challenges - Mutale Mulenga, Innocent; Bwalya, Katongo (EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2022)
The purpose of this study was to establish challenges and experiences faced by student teachers during teaching practice in Zambia. The study employed the concurrent embedded design. Data was collected from 280 respondents including 200 student teachers, 30 host school deputy head teachers and 50 lecturers. The study employed a questionnaire, focus group discussion and an interview to collect data from the respondents. The study established some challenges which can serve as learning points for teacher educators and administrators in institutions of higher learning that are running teacher education programs. The challenges include the struggle of maintaining low costs while having a high quality school experience, lecturers hurrying through the supervision process, the tendency to involve non-lecturers to supervise students and students lack of adequate support during the school experience period. The school experience period was adequate and students had a number of benefits from it although some institutions had it at the end of the program. It was therefore recommended that school experience be continually evaluated by both the Ministry of Education and institutions that provide teacher education programs in Zambia and that the length of the school experience period be maintained so as to enhance the benefits that student teacher drew from it. It was further recommended that institutions preparing teachers should make sure that school experience is done during the teacher education period and not at the end of it so that students and their lecturers evaluate the experience before the end of the program.

Commonwealth Collaboration to Build Back Better - Haßler, Björn (21CCEM, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; AuthorFirst:Haßler; _bjoern_cv; _yl:c

Iniciativas para el desarrollo de habilidades STEM de las adolescentes en la región de ALC - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Myers, Christina; Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; F: Helpdesk response; _r:AddedByZotZen

Reading Audrey Watters: A reflection on personalised learning via education technology through a decolonial lens - Sarwar, Moizza Binat (EdTech Hub, 2022)
At EdTech Hub, we’ve been reflecting on how coloniality is embedded in the work we do: from the colonial roots of the international development sector, to colonial practices embedded in research methods, to “core-to-periphery” design and deployment of EdTech interventions.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

An Exploratory Study of Digital Literacy Frameworks: A Comparative Analysis - Lee, Yoo-Taek; Fanea-Ivanovici, Mina (SSRN, 2022)
Keywords: _z:no_pdf

Digitalisierung beruflicher Lern- und Arbeitsprozesse. Impulse aus der Bauwirtschaft und anderen gewerblich-technischen Sektoren - Appenrodt, Jan; Becker, Matthias; Böttcher, Sven; Bozkurt, Askim; Dettmann, Kai; Diekmann, Susanne; Dziumbla, Uwe; Ebert, Wolfgang; Falk, Roland; Freytag, Nora-Fabienne; Ganz, Kerstin; Goos, Ulrich; et al. (2022)
The anthology presents current approaches to digitally supported professional learning. The articles provide insights into the dynamic development of the interfaces between gainful employment and vocational training and further education in the context of digitization of work and learning aids. The volume is thus connected to the publication “Berufsbildung am Bau digital” (edited by Bernd Mahrin and Johannes Meyser), which was published in 2019 by the University Press of the Technische Universität Berlin. The first chapter discusses fundamental didactic questions about digitally supported learning and working, including the framework conditions. The second chapter picks contributions on capacity development, standards, and digital tools out as central themes. The third chapter is dedicated to concrete specific solutions with strong practical relevance and high transfer potential for digitized work and learning in the construction sector and in the metal sector. The final fourth chapter presents comprehensive and freely accessible online offers such as a media pool for educational purposes, a learning media database and a hybrid learning system with a virtual 3D building model. The book was created as part of the DigiBAU project - digital vocational learning and working in the field of construction - funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the European Social Fund. (DIPF/Orig.)
Keywords: 370 Education; 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen; Arbeitsprozess; Bauberuf; Bauingenieur; Bautechnik; Bauwirtschaft; Berufliche Fortbildung; Berufsausbildung; Berufsbildung; Berufsbildungszentrum; Career centers; Construction technique; Continuing education; Continuing training; Digitale Medien; Digitalisierung; Digitalization; E-Learning; E-learning; Fachdidaktik; Further education; Gewerblich-technischer Beruf; Holzbau; Learning by playing; Learning process; Lehr-Lern-Prozess; Lernprozess; Media didactics; Mediendidaktik; Metallberuf; Occupation in a trade or technical field; Occupation in the field of construction; Occupational training; On line; Online service; Online-Angebot; Professional training; Specialized didactics; Spielerisches Lernen; Subject didactics; Teaching post; Teaching profession; Teaching-learning process; Virtual learning; Vocational Education; Vocational education and training; Vocational training; Weiterbildung; Working process; auto_merged; Überbetriebliche Ausbildung

GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model - Black, Sid; Biderman, Stella; Hallahan, Eric; Anthony, Quentin; Gao, Leo; Golding, Laurence; He, Horace; Leahy, Connor; McDonell, Kyle; Phang, Jason; Pieler, Michael; Prashanth, USVSN Sai; et al. (arXiv, 2022)
We introduce GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter autoregressive language model trained on the Pile, whose weights will be made freely and openly available to the public through a permissive license. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest dense autoregressive model that has publicly available weights at the time of submission. In this work, we describe \model{}'s architecture and training and evaluate its performance on a range of language-understanding, mathematics, and knowledge-based tasks. We find that GPT-NeoX-20B is a particularly powerful few-shot reasoner and gains far more in performance when evaluated five-shot than similarly sized GPT-3 and FairSeq models. We open-source the training and evaluation code, as well as the model weights, at https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neox.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language

Personalized education and artificial intelligence in United States, China, and India: A systematic review using a Human-In-The-Loop model - Bhutoria, Aditi (Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2022)
The traditional “one size fits all” education system has been largely criticized in recent years on the ground of its lacking the capacity to meet individual student needs. Global education systems are leaning towards a more personalized, student-centered approach. Innovations like Big Data, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have given the modern-day technology to accommodate the distinctive features of human beings - smart machines and computers have been built to understand individual-specific needs. This opens an avenue for “personalization” in the education sector. From, mushrooming of Education Technology (EdTech) start-ups to government funding in AI research, it is evident that the next generation educational reforms would take a quantum leap forward piloted by Big Data analysis and AI. The objective of this paper is to organize the vast literature on the use of AI for personalization of education and to shed light on the key themes by which an AI-driven approach makes structural modifications to the existing education system. To this effect, the paper employed a systematic review using a Human-In-The-Loop natural language processing model of past two years' literature (2019–2021) in English language from IEEE Xplore on countries China, India and the USA. This process yielded more than 2000 search results at first and these were eventually shortlisted to 353 relevant papers for in-depth analysis. Being the pioneers in EdTech innovations, insights from research done in these three countries provides valuable input for the development of global education systems and research. The findings bring forward AI's success in catering to specific learning requirements, learning habits, and learning abilities of students and guiding them into optimized learning paths across all three countries. Not just that, it is also evident from the literature that AI augments educational content, customizes it for any individual according to their needs, and raises the flag of caution for anticipated learning difficulties. This recalibrates the role of instructors as well as optimizes the teaching-learning environment for a better learning experience. The upward trajectory of educational development with AI opens a new horizon of personalized education for the future generation, but also comes with its challenges. Data privacy issues, availability of digital resources, and affordability constraints have been reported in the recent literature as impediments in the way of promoting such technologies for day-to-day practice.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Big data; China; India; Personalized education; USA; _genre:LR-literature_review

Decolonising Open Educational Resources (OER): Why the focus on ‘open’ and ‘access’ is not enough for the EdTech revolution - Moustafa, Nariman (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Open Educational Resources have offered a number of promises and opportunities, primarily in terms of customising learning to students' needs, pace, and interests.
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd

A reading list for inclusion and disability in schooling - Open Development & Education (2022)

Educational technology for learners with disabilities in primary school settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review - Lynch, Paul; Singal, Nidhi; Francis, Gill Althia (Educational Review, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Educational technology for learners with disabilities in primary school settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review - Lynch, Paul; Singal, Nidhi; Francis, Gill Althia (Educational Review, 2022)
Educational Technology (EdTech) plays a significant role in enabling learners with disabilities to access learning at school and reduce educational and social exclusion. It also enables them to enjoy the benefits of a full school curriculum and to participate in activities in different educational arrangements. The purpose of this review was to address the existing evidence of how EdTech is being used to support learners with disabilities in order to inform future research and policymaking. It sought to contribute to an evidence base of ways to reduce barriers to learning drawing on a systematic methodology to gather evidence pertaining to access to EdTech for primary school learners with disabilities aged 6–12 years. After a thorough examination of the literature, the final sample comprised 51 published articles (43 peer-review and 8 conference papers). The review revealed examples of positive outcomes of EdTech interventions being used, particularly in special schools; however, the evidence of their efficacy is weak. The use of EdTech for learners with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries requires further, robust and long-term research that considers the involvement of learners, pedagogy and curriculum design in order to understand its impact on improving educational experiences of children with disabilities.
Keywords: Educational technology; _genre:LR-literature_review; assistive technology; disability; inclusive education; low- and middle-income countries; primary education

Big EdTech - Williamson, Ben (Learning, Media and Technology, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Outputs Register: The impact of GIS-supported teacher allocation in Sierra Leone - McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

STEM Skills Initiatives for Adolescent Girls in the LAC Region - Villavicencio, Xuzel; Myers, Christina; Coflan, Caitlin Moss (EdTech Hub, 2022)
This report was produced in response to a request from the UNICEF country office of Argentina and presents a curated list of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) skills initiatives for adolescent girls in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. It also provides an introduction to gender equality and background on the participation of women in STEM fields in the LAC region — as well as cross-cutting recommendations based on an analysis of a series of initiatives. Key words: STEM; Gender; Girls; LAC; Argentina; technology; Science An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; F: Helpdesk response; _r:AddedByZotZen

What has Worked at Scale? - Crawfurd, Lee; Hares, Susannah; Sandefur, Justin (Schooling for All - Feasible Strategies to Achieve Universal Education, 2022)

Cross-Sectoral Learning in Implementation Research Harnessing the potential to accelerate results for children - Lewis, Jane; Mildon, Robyn; Steele, Tom (UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti, 2022)

Schooling for All - Feasible Strategies to Achieve Universal Education - Sandefur, Justin (Center for Global Development, 2022)

Leave no child behind: global report on boys’ disengagement from education - UNESCO (2022)

Improving Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation to Cimate Change Through Education in Low- and Lower-middle Income Countries - Fitzpatrick, Rachael; West, Helen (2022)
Climate resilience is the ability to anticipate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous events, trends, or disturbances related to climate (C2ES, 2022). Mitigation focuses on reducing the human impacts contributing to climate change (Burton, 2007, cited in Rousell & Cutter-Mackenzie-Knowles, 2020). Adaptation is about increasing people’s adaptive capacity, reducing the vulnerability of communities and managing risks (Anderson, 2012). Anderson further defines adaptation as not just being able to adapt from one stable climate to another but having the skills to adapt to uncertainty and make informed decisions in a changing environment. While ‘climate change’ is the term used throughout these briefs, it should be read as a shorthand for a more inclusive approach, which also captures associated environmental degradation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned, in their latest report, that global surface temperatures will continue to increase until 2050 (IPCC, 2021, p. 17). This will take place regardless of human intervention to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The report also warns that the traditional technocratic approaches are insufficient to tackle the challenge of climate change, and that greater focus on the structural causes is needed. High- and upper-middle-income countries have been persistently shown to be the biggest contributors to the global carbon dioxide emissions, with lower income countries facing the most disruptive climate hazards, with Africa countries particularly vulnerable (CDP, 2020; IPCC, 2021). The vulnerability of low-income contexts exacerbates this risk, as there is often insufficient infrastructure and resources to ensure resilience to climate hazards (IPCC, 2021). For decades, advocates of climate change education have been highlighting the potential of education to help mitigate against climate change, and support adaptation efforts. However, implementation has been patchy, with inconsistent approaches and a lack of evidence to help determine the most effective way forward.This paper is divided into three sections, drawing together evidence on the key aspects of system reform,green and resilient infrastructure and Curriculum, pedagogy, assessment and teacher development.

Report on research outcomes - McBurnie, Chris; Godwin, Katy; Vijil, Alejandra; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

‘Tich Mi Ar Tich Dem’: Designing a low-cost and scalable teacher professional development in Sierra Leone - Walker, Hannah; Tegha, Ghislaine; Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; McBurnie, Chris (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Tich Mi Ar Tich Dem - Open Development & Education - Walker, Hannah; Tegha, Ghislaine; Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; McBurnie, Chris; McBurnie, Hannah Walker, Ghislaine Tegha, Anne-Fleur Lurvink and Chris (2022)
Over the past two decades, Sierra Leone has faced a series of shocks: a civil war, landslides, Ebola, and the COVID-19 pandemic. These shocks have aggravated the learning crisis that the country’s education system faces—and dramatically increased the pressure on teachers to deliver high-quality support to children. In this context, the Ministry of Basic and

Tich Mi Ar Tich Dem - Open Development & Education - Walker, Hannah; Tegha, Ghislaine; Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; McBurnie, Chris; McBurnie, Hannah Walker, Ghislaine Tegha, Anne-Fleur Lurvink and Chris (2022)
Over the past two decades, Sierra Leone has faced a series of shocks: a civil war, landslides, Ebola, and the COVID-19 pandemic. These shocks have aggravated the learning crisis that the country’s education system faces—and dramatically increased the pressure on teachers to deliver high-quality support to children. In this context, the Ministry of Basic and

Guidance on Community Mobilisation for Girls’ Education - AlSheikh Theeb, Thaer; McGinty, Sara; Obaid, Rasha (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; _r:AddedByZotZen

Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models - Hoffmann, Jordan; Borgeaud, Sebastian; Mensch, Arthur; Buchatskaya, Elena; Cai, Trevor; Rutherford, Eliza; Casas, Diego de Las; Hendricks, Lisa Anne; Welbl, Johannes; Clark, Aidan; Hennigan, Tom; Noland, Eric; et al. (arXiv, 2022)
We investigate the optimal model size and number of tokens for training a transformer language model under a given compute budget. We find that current large language models are significantly undertrained, a consequence of the recent focus on scaling language models whilst keeping the amount of training data constant. By training over 400 language models ranging from 70 million to over 16 billion parameters on 5 to 500 billion tokens, we find that for compute-optimal training, the model size and the number of training tokens should be scaled equally: for every doubling of model size the number of training tokens should also be doubled. We test this hypothesis by training a predicted compute-optimal model, Chinchilla, that uses the same compute budget as Gopher but with 70B parameters and 4$×$ more more data. Chinchilla uniformly and significantly outperforms Gopher (280B), GPT-3 (175B), Jurassic-1 (178B), and Megatron-Turing NLG (530B) on a large range of downstream evaluation tasks. This also means that Chinchilla uses substantially less compute for fine-tuning and inference, greatly facilitating downstream usage. As a highlight, Chinchilla reaches a state-of-the-art average accuracy of 67.5% on the MMLU benchmark, greater than a 7% improvement over Gopher.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language; Computer Science - Machine Learning

Psychometric evaluation of the self-efficacy questionnaire for children (SEQ-C): validation among Chinese children and adolescents - Xie, Han; Shlonsky, Aron; Harrigan, Susy (Current Psychology, 2022)
The Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C) is a well-established measure of self-efficacy including three specific task demands, that is, academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy. The present study examined the applicability of the SEQ-C for measuring children’s self-efficacy in a Chinese population. The sample was comprised of 1491 students in Grade 4 to 11 (boys = 52.8%; mean age = 13.0 years) in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the factor structure of the SEQ-C. Also, bivariate correlations between SEQ-C and children’s prosocial behavior, bullying behavior and victimized experience were tested to reflect the convergent validity of the SEQ-C. The results revealed that a modified 20-item Chinese version of the SEQ-C had excellent internal consistency reliability, good construct validity, overall acceptable convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender and school level. Only minor adaptions were necessary, and the rationale for making these adjustments was based on both content and performance of the measure. In addition to the cross-cultural validation, this study has extended the age range of the target users (14 to 17 years) by confirming the suitability of the SEQ-C for age groups spanning primary and secondary school children aged between 9 and 18 years. For those working and doing research in schools, this validation study increases confidence in the use of the Chinese SEQ-C and its subscales for identifying children’s self-efficacy in specific domains and for conducting research on interventions where self-efficacy is an important predictor or outcome.

Difference and Similarities: Digitization, Digitalization, and Digital Transformation - Monton, Aryne Leigh (GlobalSign, 2022)
Digitization, Digitalization, and Digital Transformation are critical for modern businesses. Know their similarities, differences, and how they benefit businesses in this blog.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

Editorial: Some More Research on Technology-Enabled Learning - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Keywords: technology-enabled learning (TEL); ⛔ No DOI found

Resilience, Adaptability, and Sustainability of Higher Education: A systematic Mapping Study on the Impact of the Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic and the Transition to the New Normal - Bozkurt, Aras (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global crisis, affecting many areas of society, including higher education, which has not been immune to its effects. This study, therefore, examines COVID-19 from the perspective of higher education, applying data mining and analytics approaches, i.e., t-SNE analysis, text-mining, and social network analysis, to identify research themes and patterns. The results obtained show that studies have not been restricted to addressing only the impact of COVID-19 on learners and educational institutions in terms of pedagogical issues. The study identified three broad themes from the body of research on this subject: (1) educational crisis and higher education in the new normal: resilience, adaptability, and sustainability, (2) psychological pressures, social uncertainty, and mental well-being of learners, and (3) the rise of online distance education and blended-hybrid modes. The study concludes that the survival of higher education depends on the resilience, adaptability, and sustainability skills of higher education institutions.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; _genre:PR-primary_research; emergency remote education; higher education; online distance education; teaching and learning; ⛔ No DOI found

Exploring the Use of Tweets and Word Clouds as Strategies in Educational Research - Cooshna-Naik, Dorothy (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
This paper presents personal insights and discussions on the exploration of specific strategies which relate to data collection and analysis used to support the focus group discussion data collection and preliminary analysis of a doctoral research entitled Undergraduate students’ experiences of learning with digital multimodal texts. The main objective of the doctoral research was to understand the different ways undergraduate students experienced learning with digital multimodal texts (DMTs) within the context of a history module included in their first-year programme of studies both as readers (consumers) and authors (producers). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, written reflection accounts, a focus group discussion and consideration given to the DMT (a video) produced by the participants. The focus group discussion event included a hands-on task whereby participants were requested to write their views in response to a given prompt question in the form of tweets. Also, the written tweets were visualised as word clouds for the purpose of initial analysis. The findings reported in this paper, which are based on observation notes and investigation of the word clouds, suggest that the tweet-related, hands-on task acted as a good ice breaker, making the participants feel at ease and more relaxed about sharing their views amongst each other while eliciting discussions and fostering deeper thinking. Also, the word clouds were revealed to be an effective data visualisation tool allowing emerging and salient themes to stand out from the participants’ written tweets and reflections.
Keywords: Educational research; Multimodal Texts; Tweets; Word Clouds; ⛔ No DOI found

Examining the Practices and Challenges of Distance Education of PhD Candidates in the Context of COVID-19 - Fast, Olha; Semenog, Olena; Vovk, Myroslava; Buhaichuk, Nazar; Golya, Galyna (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
The distance education system is actively developing in the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The sharp transition of PhD candidates to distance education caused difficulties in organising the educational process. The aim of this study was to analyse the methods of distance education for postgraduate students in the context of a COVID-19 pandemic. A survey of graduate students was conducted through specially- designed and semi-standardised interviews of focus groups of producers and consumers of educational services. The study showed that the process of adaptation of postgraduate students majoring in Physical Culture and Sports and Biology was much more difficult than in the major Educational, Pedagogical Sciences and Philology. The reasons for the problems of distance education of PhD candidates included the complexity of creating educational and methodological materials for distance learning; lack of a centralised system of certification and accreditation of electronic courses; insufficient motivation of teachers; shortage of teachers who could competently develop distance learning courses in higher education. The study identified opportunities to implement promising areas of online learning in the system of training of academic and teaching staff: retraining of a large proportion of the teaching staff, implementation of a system approach to the development of the online environment of educational institutions, development of skills and abilities to use educational content. Prospects for further research include the study of problems of violation of academic integrity by postgraduate students in the course of distance learning.
Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Distance Education/Learning; Health and Recreational Technologies; Online Learning Technologies; Training of PhD Candidates; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: McNaught & Gravett, Eds., Embedding Social Justice in Teacher Education and Development in South Africa - Gentles, Carol Hordatt (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Keywords: Book Review; ⛔ No DOI found

Virtual Community Mentoring Models for Middle School Underachievers Psychosocial Development and Well-Being During COVID-19 - Gomes, Roseline Florence; Thomas, Lijo (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Recent studies highlight the outcomes of COVID-19 on the psychosocial skills of early adolescents. It shows the unavailability of virtual community mentoring models for teenagers' individual and interpersonal growth in the virtual scenario. Hence, there emerges a need to explore and apply the available virtual communication resources by facilitators, families, and other community professionals for teenagers’ self-development. This article reports the application of virtual resources like WhatsApp, graphic design platforms (CANVA and Adobe), graphic interchange formats (GIPHY App), all-in-one visual content editing forums (InShot App), and memes (Meme Generator App) in engaging and supporting community mentoring capacities leading to psychosocial development and well-being for teenagers during COVID-19. Through this article, contemporary virtual models are explored and executed with community guidance to integrate the personal developmental skills of middle school underachievers. There is also a need to work with community interventions by using virtual mentoring skillsets for positive youth development.
Keywords: COVID-19; Psychosocial Development; Virtual Community Models; ⛔ No DOI found

An Assessment of Computer and ICT Skills at Botswana Open University: Implications of ICT in Business Subjects - Hamaluba, Tommie (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
This paper presents a study that focused on assessing computer and ICT skills of business subjects’ learners at Botswana Open University (BOU). The study explored the levels of computer skills; existence of ICT skills and perception of business subject learners on the adoption and use of ICT skills for teaching and learning. A sample size of 223 participants from BOU’s five regions was studied and data was collected quantitatively using survey questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. The results showed that most of the respondents had average ability to navigate on the e-learning school platforms (E-library, portals, websites, etc.) and average awareness of the business learning software and applications; they were familiar with most MS package elements, MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Publisher. They were familiar with the use of emails, social sites and blogs as well as internet searching and browsing. Results also showed that the respondents understood the basic functions of computer hardware. The study also revealed that respondents needed improvement in the use of ICT tools for learning their business subjects, and that the improvement of the use of ICT tools would enhance their understanding of the subject matter. Respondents cited poor internet connectivity and unreliable power supply, as well as slow internet connectivity, as some of the reasons for their poor ICT skills in teaching and learning ICTs.
Keywords: BOU; ICT skills; Information technology; business development; innovation; ⛔ No DOI found

ODL Embedded with Innovative Communication and Digital Media to Empower All Levels of Farm Sectors to be Smart Farmers - Intaratat, Kamolrat (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
This research shows how innovative communication and digital media could help empower any level of farm sector in Thailand and be embedded into ODL to serve their most effective demands.  Qualitative research was used via case-based studies among eight key farm leaders from four success farms with data mapping and an interview form. Content analysis was also used. Tangible results of how ODL embedded with innovative communication and digital media can empower all levels of farm sectors under “SDGs” is described. The main findings are “ODL embedded with Innovative communication and digital media must be: 1) undertaken for the right reasons; 2) sensitive to real demands and problems; 3) fit with the existing context such as existing infrastructure, i.e., farms and ICT; 4) best engaged among all stakeholders with all kinds of participatory processes; and 5) an appropriate design to fit with all farmers’ contexts, i.e., friendly relationships, pedagogical, administrative, and all kinds of participatory channels and opportunities.
Keywords: Innovative Communication & Digital Media; ODL; Smart Farmer Thailand; ⛔ No DOI found

Book Review: Dede & Richards, Eds., The 60-Year Curriculum: New Models for Lifelong Learning in the Digital Economy - Jr, Don Olcott (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Keywords: digital economy; lifelong learning; ⛔ No DOI found

Reconsidering Access: Using Specific Impact Ranking Metrics to Manage Access in Conventional and Open Higher Education - Kassim, Halima-Sa'adia; Rampersad, David (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
This paper considers the widening access and participation agenda, its implications for higher education institutions (HEIs) and contends that it must be underpinned by strategic measurement and monitoring.  Access is viewed through of the following lenses: (i) supporting participation, and (ii) facilitating equity. Using mixed methods, the paper draws on data from The University of the West Indies (UWI) and provides examples from key plans and initiatives over 20 years to showcase how the UWI has increased access. Concurrently, the need for more nuanced and complex datasets to assess the extent of equity is highlighted with metrics drawn from the Times Higher Education University Impact Ranking. The authors argue that the strategic use and management of data can promote public accountability associated with access and boost institutional reputation. However, universities will have to be innovative and accelerate measures to survive/thrive in the post-pandemic environment by identifying their institutional scope and “system of interest” in widening access.
Keywords: Access and participation; Caribbean; Equity; Measurement and monitoring; The University of the West Indies; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

Effects of Internet Access During Examinations - Mitra, Sugata; Dangwal, Ritu (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
The scores obtained by students in examinations where internet access was allowed during the examination were compared with the scores obtained in traditional examinations where no assistance was allowed. These scores were then compared with those obtained in a standardised school examination on the same topic or subject, taken by the same students a year before. We observed that scores dropped by over 70% within a year of taking a traditional examination but could be significantly improved if internet access is allowed in the later examination. We further observed that scores in examinations where internet access was allowed were consistently higher than where internet access was not allowed. Finally, we report an analysis by rank and observe that student rankings change both over time and whether internet access was allowed or not. This leads us to suggest that use of the internet during examinations measures abilities that are different and more meaningful to our times than those that are measured by traditional examinations based on memorisation and unassisted recall.
Keywords: assessment; cheating; examination; internet access; memory; ⛔ No DOI found

Decrypting the Learners’ Retention Factors in Massive Open Online Courses - Pant, Harsh Vardhan; Lohani, Manoj Chandra; Pande, Jeetendra (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have recently become attractive at most universities, and the number of MOOCs has risen significantly, particularly in India. Despite their popularity, previous research has revealed a low course completion rate and a scarcity of research on the factors that influences learners’ retention in MOOCs. Therefore, it is a good idea to investigate previous research to understand the factors behind the learners’ retention so that an ideal learning model can be created. This study used Structural Equation Modelling to find out the unexplored learner retention factors in MOOCs and create a model, which may extend the satisfaction. MOOC data sets were collected from different Indian universities in Uttarakhand state. This study has explored the majority of influencing factors correlated with learners’ satisfaction. The findings show that MOOC usage intention is influenced by a willingness to credit mobility, the allure of the latest trendy course, content localisation and perceived effectiveness.
Keywords: Classification; Data-Mining; Factor; Factors; MOOC; Model; PLS; Retention; ⛔ No DOI found

Comparative Advantages of Offline Digital Technology for Remote Indigenous Classrooms in Guatemala (2019-2020) - Wiebe, Adrienne; Crisostomo, Luis Javier; Perez, Ruben Feliciano; Anderson, Terry (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Technology has been viewed as a means to improve the quality of education for children globally, particularly in remote and marginal communities. This study examines the comparative advantages of the use of appropriate technology (off-line servers with digital libraries connected to a classroom set of laptops) in ten intervention schools in Indigenous communities in Guatemala for one school year. The study was too short (due to pandemic restrictions) to demonstrate statistically significant differences for learning outcomes. However, using an instructional core model as a framework, qualitative findings supported four previously identified comparative advantages, and identified four additional ones relevant to remote Indigenous communities. The intervention validated the ability of technology to improve standardized instruction, differentiated instruction, opportunities for practice, and learner engagement. Newly identified advantages are: access to high-quality educational resources (substitution for print materials), teacher capacity-building, student technical skills and digital literacy, and sharing cultural knowledge.
Keywords: Guatemala bilingual and intercultural education; Maya-Mam education; _genre:PR-primary_research; appripriate technology for education in Guatemala; ⛔ No DOI found

The impact GIS-supported teacher allocation in Sierra Leone: Inception Report - McBurnie, Chris; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _r:AddedByZotZen

The role and effectiveness of augmented reality in patient education: A systematic review of the literature - Urlings, Julie; Sezer, Sümeyye; ter Laan, Mark; Bartels, Ronald; Maal, Thomas; Boogaarts, Jeroen; Henssen, Dylan (Patient Education and Counseling, 2022)
Objectives To provide an overview of the existing research concerning the use and effects of AR in patient education. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines four electronic databases were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria: empirical studies using any type of AR intervention in patient education across all medical specialties. Quality assessment of the retrieved literature was carried out. Results Ten papers, comprising 788 patients, were identified and included (Randomized controlled trial (RCT)(n = 3), non-randomized controlled trial (n = 3), before-and-after study (n = 3), and qualitative survey (n = 1)). Retrieved literature showed itself to be highly heterogeneous. The studied population included patients suffering from a diverse spectrum of chronic diseases (e.g., prostate cancer, diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy). Quantitative results indicated that the use of AR had a positive effect on knowledge retention and patient satisfaction. Qualitative findings suggested that patients liked the technology and felt comfortable with its use for educational purposes. The quality of the retrieved results was shown to be moderate to low. Conclusion The limited evidence of this topic suggests the possible potential of AR in patient education. Practice implication More research, using high-quality study designs and more evidence-based interventions, is needed to fully appreciate the value of AR on patient education.
Keywords: AR; Augmented reality; Chronic disease; Knowledge retention; Patient education; Patient satisfaction; Systematic review

Mixed-methods approaches to learning strategies and self-regulation in Physical Education: a literature review - Kermarrec, Gilles; Regaieg, Ghada; Clayton, Rebecca (Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 2022)
Introduction Students’ learning strategies and self-regulation processes are considered highly important in academic and Physical Education contexts. Educational researchers have called for mixed-method designs to investigate how students learn and not only what they learn. The aim of this literature review was to analyze the use of mixed-method designs in self-regulated learning research in a physical education setting.Methods The following databases were searched for relevant articles: ERIC, Persee, PsycInfo and Scopus. No date range was specified and keywords for the search included learning strategies, self-regulated learning, Physical Education, mixed-method, qualitative and quantitative analysis. Thirteen articles were selected and classified according to their theoretical framework. The last stage of selection extended the literature review in each theoretical framework.Results The results show that mixed-method design is relevant when researchers need findings on how students learn, and not only on what they learn. The use of mixed methods is well suited to the Information Processing, Self-Regulated Learning and Student Approaches of Learning theoretical traditions.
Keywords: Learning strategies; mixed-methods; physical education; qualitative and quantitative analysis; self-regulated learning

Research Methods for Education: Reading List - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe),; UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

1. Introduction to interactive teaching and the use of ICT - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.1.A. What is interactive teaching? - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.1.B. What is interactive teaching? - Part B - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.2.A. Introduction to interactive teaching with ICT - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.2.B. Introduction to interactive teaching with ICT - Part B - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.3.A. Activity planning and reflection - Part A - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.3.B. Activity Planning - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.4.A. ICTs in interactive teaching - Part A - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

1.4.B. ICTs in interactive teaching - Part B - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2. Whole class dialogue and effective questioning - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.1.A. Introduction to dialogue and effective questioning - Part A - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.1.B. Mid-morning - final day - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.2.A. Questioning I - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.3.A. More on questioning - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.3.B. More on Question - Aligning OER - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.4.A. Concept mapping - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.4.B. Concept mapping - Aligning OER II - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.5.A. Engaging the community - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

2.5.B. Engaging the community - Using applications - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3. Group work - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.1.A. Group work: Same task and different tasks group work - OER in Education - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.2.A. When to use group work and how to manage it - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.3.A. Mixed pace group work with and without ICT - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.4.A. Talking points and effective group work - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.5.A. Review of group work - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

3.6.A. Designing interactive lesson plans - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4. Assessment for learning and lesson pacing - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.1.A. Introduction to Assessment for Learning - OER in Education - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.1.B. Introduction to Assessment for Learning - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.2.A. Learning objectives and success criteria - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.3.A. Formative feedback - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.4.A. Peer and self-assessment - OER4Schools Zimbabwe (2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

4.5.A. Review of AfL and lesson pacing - Zimbabwe, OER4Schools (Open Development & Education, 2022)
This resource is an adaptation of the Zambian OER4Schools programme, available here: https://oer.opendeved.net/wiki/OER4Schools. The Zambian OER4Schools programme was adapted for use at Mpumeleo High School (Nkayi District, Zimbabwe) and Siachilaba School (Binga District, near Victoria Town, Zimbabwe).
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

Student Learning Outcomes Assessment in Higher Education and in Academic Libraries: A Review of the Literature - Goss, Harold (The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2022)
Conducting effective assessment toward evaluating student learning outcomes (SLO) is a difficult and complex process for all higher education professionals. University-level conversations are increasingly centered on student learning outcomes as they pertain to issues such as students' skills competence, continuous improvement, retention, etc. In response to the increasing demand for units on campus (including academic libraries) to contribute to these conversations, an understanding of how to assess student learning outcomes becomes essential. This paper reviews recent academic literature pertaining to assessing student learning outcomes in higher education and academic libraries. The objective is to use both to create a starting point for academic librarians looking to embark on a SLO-based program of assessment at their academic libraries.
Keywords: Academic libraries; Assessment; Information literacy; Librarians; Student learning outcomes; Student success

A systematic mapping review of augmented reality applications to support STEM learning in higher education - Mystakidis, Stylianos; Christopoulos, Athanasios; Pellas, Nikolaos (Education and Information Technologies, 2022)
While there is an increasing interest in Augmented Reality (AR) technologies in Primary and Secondary (K-12) Education, its application in Higher Education (HE) is still an emerging trend. This study reports findings from a systematic mapping review, based on a total of forty-five (n = 45) articles published in international peer-reviewed journals from 2010 to 2020, after evaluating the use of AR applications that support Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects’ learning in HE settings. This review’s results highlighted the lack of research across the STEM spectrum, especially in the Technology and Mathematics subfields, as well as the scarcity of location-based and markerless AR applications. Furthermore, three augmentation techniques, suitable for STEM learning, were identified and analysed: augmentation of laboratory specialised equipment, physical objects and course handbooks or sheets. The main contribution of this article is a taxonomy of instructional models and the discussion of applied instructional strategies and techniques in STEM fields focused on HE settings. In addition, we provide visualisations of the present state of the area, which aim at encouraging and scaffolding educators’ efforts based on specific classification criteria to develop AR experiences and conduct further research to enhance STEM learning.
Keywords: _genre:LR-literature_review

EEF Evidence Database Coding Guide – Effect Size Data Extraction - Education Endowment Foundation; Durham University (2022)
Keywords: _yt:b

EEF Evidence Database Coding Guide – Main Data Extraction - Education Endowment Foundation; Durham University (2022)
Keywords: _yt:a

Activating research-based testbeds in Victorian and international education environments - Global Victoria EdTech Innovation Alliance (2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

IIMC Conference Paper - Haßler, Björn (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Where are we on Education Recovery - UNICEF; UNESCO; World Bank (2022)

Management Accounting and Control in Higher Education Institutions: A Systematic Literature Review - Vale, José; Amaral, Joana; Abrantes, Luís; Leal, Carmem; Silva, Rui (Administrative Sciences, 2022)
The new public management reforms have led to significant changes in higher education institutions (HEIs) regarding the management accounting and control (MAC) of these organizations. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of the main studies on MAC in these types of organizations through a systematic literature review (SLR). The PRISMA guidelines were followed, and data were collected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The final sample encompassed 50 articles, published between 1981 and 2020. The results show that MAC research tends to focus on management control systems and performance evaluation systems. They also suggest that, although the development and implementation of various MAC tools are crucial for HEIs, such implementation often is partial. This is due to the stakeholders’ perceptions/attitudes regarding the importance of such tools. The results also indicate that institutional theory is the most addressed one. Most of the time, HEIs implement MAC tools due to external pressures. By synthesizing the main trends in MAC, this SLR intends to provide a theoretical contribution to the literature in this research field. Several themes for further research are suggested, such as assessing the relationship between MAC and the management of “knowledge” and intellectual capital in these institutions, and addressing sustainability issues. From a practical viewpoint, HEI managers can obtain important insights to apply the most appropriate tools to their institutions.
Keywords: accounting theories; higher education institutions; management accounting; management control; systematic literature review

Cross-Border Higher Education and Quality Assurance. Results from a Systematic Literature Review - Carvalho, Nathan; Rosa, Maria J.; Amaral, Alberto (Journal of Studies in International Education, 2022)
Internationalisation has gained prominence in debates on higher education and can be analysed from different perspectives, including cross-border higher education. Cross-border higher education entails relevant challenges, namely regarding its quality. This paper intends to discuss, based on a literature review, the link between cross-border higher education and quality assurance, namely the role quality assurance may have in contributing to a quality cross-border educational offer. 79 documents (indexed in Scopus or Web of Science) published between 1998 and 2019 were content analysed. The results show that both internal and external quality assurance are relevant topics when discussing cross-border higher education and a means to stimulate the overall quality of this educational offer. Moreover, to be effective, quality assurance must rely on cooperation and mutual trust between importing and exporting countries, including their quality assurance agencies.
Keywords: agencies; cooperation; cross-border higher education; higher education institutions; internationalisation; quality assurance; transnational education

Evidence on the Impact of Population Growth on Education Financing and Provision in Tanzania - Fitzpatrick, Rachael (2022)
Tanzania has made great strides in increasing enrolment rates amidst a rapidly growing population. However, despite gains made in primary enrolment, completion rates have not exceeded 70% in the past five years, and enrolment at secondary level remains low (37%). An analysis of expenditure suggests a lack of equitability in distribution of funds within the education sector. Having achieved near universal enrolment at primary level, since 2016 the Government of Tanzania has almost doubled spend on secondary education and increased spending on higher education. In the same period, however, spend per pupil at primary level has halved suggesting that budget is being directed away from pre-primary and primary education to fund secondary, with higher education slightly increasing. Furthermore, the Education Sector Analysis outlines that 35% of the education budget is spent on the top 10% highest educated in the system (Kahangwa et al. 2021, 168). In addition to disparities on spend by education level, regional differences persist in the number of classrooms, textbooks, desks and teacher shortages also exist. Despite current disparities and challenges, Tanzania’s economic growth in recent years suggests that, with increased commitment in minimum spending on education as a proportion of GDP, the education needs of the population could be met. However, this would assume continued economic growth and require a greater proportion of spend to be allocated to education, suggesting trade-offs may be required.