Community perceived benefits of ivermectin treatment in northeastern Nigeria - Akogun, Oladele B; Akogun, M.K.; Audu, Z. (Social Science & Medicine, 2000)

Bateson, Patrick, and Paul Martin. 2000. Design for a Life: How Behavior and Personality Develop - Bateson, Paul Patrick Gordon; Martin, Paul (Simon & Schuster, 2000)

"Don't Be Too Polite, Girls!" Women, Work, and Vocational Education and Training: A Critical Review of the Literature - Butler, Elaine; Ferrier, Fran (National Centre for Vocational Education Research, 252 Kensington Road, Leabrook, South Australia 5068, Australia; E-mail: ncver@ncver, 2000)
Most of the research on women and vocational education and training (VET) in Australia and elsewhere that was published in 1987-1998 may be characterized as follows: (1) it was undertaken to inform or support policy decisions and is therefore framed by political and ideological agendas; (2) it is piecemeal; (3) it tends to consider women as "other" while normalizing the experiences of men; and (4) it lacks a perspective of "advantage" as opposed to "disadvantage." The literature on women and VET revolves around the following themes: (1) globalization and change; (2) social, cultural, and demographic changes; (3) policies, politics, and VET; (4) marketization of VET; (5) economic and social policies and practices for VET; (6) gender issues in VET; and (7) curriculum, pedagogies, and practices in VET. The literature on all these themes reveals a consistency in research findings and recommendations that seek structural systemic change in the VET system, including the political will to position equity as a central organizing feature. A scheme providing research grants for VET operating like the grants awarded by the Australian Research Council should be established. Grants should promote a vigorous, knowledge-seeking and inclusive culture in VET. (Fourteen tables/figures are included. The bibliography lists 279 references.) (MN)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; Adult Education; C:Australia; CLL:en; Continuing Education; Curriculum; Education Work Relationship; Educational Needs; Educational Policy; Educational Practices; Educational Research; Educational Trends; Employed Women; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Literature Reviews; Marketing; Needs Assessment; Policy Formation; Politics of Education; Postsecondary Education; Public Policy; Secondary Education; Social Change; Teaching Methods; Trend Analysis; Vocational Education; Womens Education; publicImportV1

Classroom, school and home factors that negatively affect girls’ education in Malawi - Chimombo, Joseph; Chibwanna, Mike; Dzimadzi, Chris; Kadzamira, Esme; Kunkwenzu, Esther; Kunje, Demis; Namphota, Dorothy (UNICEF, New York, 2000)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

A South African Curriculum for the twenty-first Century: Report of the Review Committee on Curriculum 2005 - Chisholm, L.; Volmink, J.; Ndhlovu, T.; Potenza, E.; Muller, J.; Lubisi, C.; Vinjevold, P.; Ngozi, L.; Malan, B.; Mphahlele, L. (2000)

Artificial Intelligence and Environmental Decision Support Systems - Cortés, U.; Sànchez-Marrè, M.; Ceccaroni, L.; R-Roda, I.; Poch, M. (Applied Intelligence, 2000)

Beginning literacy with language: Young children learning at home and school. - Dickinson, David K; Tabors, Patton O (Brookes Publishing Co., 2000)

Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction in Indonesia: Evidence from an Unusual Policy Experiment. - Duflo, Esther (National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Working Paper, 2000)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Sharing words: Theory and practice of dialogic learning - Flecha, Ramón (Rowman & Littlefield, 2000)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Twenty years of implementation research - Grol, Richard; Jones, Roger (Family practice, 2000)

Twenty years of implementation research - Grol, Richard; Jones, Roger (Family practice, 2000)

Gastrointestinal and urinary parasitic infections amongst schoolchildren in Rumde, Yola - GUNDIRI, M.A.; Akogun, Oladele B (The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2000)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

On the Robustness of the Brewer-Dobson Circulation in the Tropical Stratosphere - Haßler, Björn; McIntyre, M (Millennium 150th Anniversary Conference of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2000)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; ⛔ No DOI found

Cascade training and teachers' professional development - Hayes, David (ELT journal, 2000)

Bar dissolution in prolate halos - Ideta, Makoto; Hozumi, Shunsuke (The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2000)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

The Case of Non-formal Education Provisions in Namibia - Indabawa, SA (2000)
There are established and irrefutable evidences which show the symbiotic and dialectical links between education and development. (Aklilpelu,'90, Duke,'85;Obaiiewa.'84, Omolewa.'94;Indabawa,'94; and Sagcan.'97). Education can liberate and make human beings more completely human (Freire); it can empower especially the disadvantaged groups. It is also capable of being an instrument for the eradication of literacy, preventable diseases, social apathy, social immobility and can as well enhance the human potential for greater economic productivity and reduction of human social inequality, (Anipene,'80; Adiseshiah,'80;Duke,'83; and Indabawa,'91). Given this background. all investment in educational provisions, whether formal or nonformal. will be well justified. However, this is not to suggest that education on its own will be the only precondition for human development. Education too, has its own damaging consequences on society, especially if it is used as a vehicle for promoting less than the general good of society; or it turns out to be irelevant to the popular needs ( Ayandele,'74;Akinpelu,'97; Shirley,'96). The aim of this paper is to stimulate discussion of and interest in Nonformal Educational Provisions in the Republic of Namibia. In facilitating this, ttention will be paid to seven basic issues as follows: Country background, Concept of Nonformal Education. Policy context of nonformal education provisions; Diversity of provisions; relation to formal education; Relevance of programmes to beneficiaries and Impact.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; C:Namibia; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:ministry; P:culture; Q:higher education; Q:open learning; T:TVET; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Promoting Girls Primary Education: Innovation through Government and Donor Co-operation - Kadzamira, E.C.; Sisson, A (Educating Tomorrow: Lessons from Managing Girls’ Education in Africa, 2000)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Gender and primary schooling in Malawi - Kadzamira, Esme C.; Chibwana, Mike P.; Educationalists, Forum for African Women (Institute of Development Studies Brighton, 2000)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Early Childhood Intervention: A Continuing Evolution - Meisels, Samuel J; Shonkoff, Jack P (Handbook of Early Childhood Intervention, 2000)

Malawi Social Action Fund: Third Beneficiary Assessment of the Public Works Programme - Mvula, P. M.; Zgovu, E. K.; Chirwa, E. W.; Kadzamira, Esme (report by Wadonda Consult prepared for the Malawi Social Action Fund, Lilongwe: MASAF, 2000)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

How teaching matters: Bringing the classroom back into discussions of teacher quality Policy Information Center Report, Educational Testing Service (ETS) - Wenglinsky, H. (2000)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Reporting with pictures: a concept paper for researchers and health policy decision-makers - WHO; Haaland, A.; Akogun, Oladele B; Oladepo, O.; Kale, OO (2000)

The German 'Dual System' of Occupational Training: - Wilson, David N (Annual Meeting of the Comparative and International Education Society, 2000)
Germany's Dual System, which consists of in-school and in-enterprise components, facilitates entry into 374 recognized technical, white-collar and blue-collar occupations listed in training regulations that are grounded in legislation. The Dual System's origins and development in Germany were examined along with several attempts to replicate the German model in other countries. The literature on transfer and replication of the Dual System model was reviewed, and micro case studies of attempts to adopt the German model in the following countries were presented: Botswana; Costa Rica; the Dominican Republic; India; Indonesia; Lebanon; Seychelles; Singapore; and Sri Lanka. Reflections of Germany's Dual System in United States work-based youth apprenticeships were also considered. Of all the countries examined in the micro case studies, only Singapore seems to have replicated the German record of participation of 64%-81% of 16- to 18-year-olds in the Dual System. It was concluded that integration of academic and technical-vocational curricula is extremely difficult in nations where technical and vocational education and training is often perceived to be second-class education. It was further concluded that Germany's culture of in-firm training may be the most difficult-to-develop attribute of the Dual System in developed and developing nations alike. (Contains 52 references.) (MN)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Teachers' Responses to Success for All: How Beliefs, Experiences, and Adaptations Shape Implementation - Datnow, Amanda; Castellano, Marisa (American Educational Research Journal, 2000)
Success for All (SFA) is a whole-school reform model that organizes resources to focus on prevention and early intervention to ensure that students succeed in reading throughout the elementary grades. In this article we use qualitative data gathered in extensive interviews and observations in two SFA schools to examine how teachers respond to SFA and how their beliefs, experiences, and programmatic adaptations influence implementation. We found that teachers fell into four distinct categories ranging from strong support for SFA to resistance. Support for the reform did not directly correlate with teachers' personal characteristics such as experience level, gender, or ethnic background. Moreover, teachers' levels of support for SFA did not necessarily predict the degree of fidelity with which they implemented it. Almost all teachers made adaptations to the program, in spite of the developers' demands to closely follow the model. Teachers supported the continued implementation of SFA because they believed it was beneficial for students. At the same time many teachers felt that the program constrained their autonomy and creativity. Implications of this study for the future successful implementation of SFA and other externally developed reform models are discussed.

Classroom interaction in Kenyan primary schools. Compare: A - Ackers, J.; Hardman, F. (Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2001)

Team quality Management for Community interactive research experiences in Northeastern Nigeria - Akogun, Oladele B (The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 2001)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Community-Directed Treatment of onchocerciasis with Ivermectin in Takum, Nigeria - Akogun, Oladele B; Audu, Z.; Weiss, M.G.; Adelakun, A.O.; Akoh, J.I.; Akogun, M.K.; Remme, H.; Kale, O.O. (Tropical Medicine and International Health. Mar, 2001)

Does teacher training affect pupil learning? Evidence from matched comparisons in Jerusalem public schools - Angrist, J.; Lavy, V. (Journal of Labor Economics, 2001)

Participatory rural appraisal as qualitative research: distinguishing methodological issues from participatory claims - Campbell, John R. (Human Organization, 2001)

Procesos y condiciones en el aprendizaje de adultos. Jornada Nacional de Supervisores. Supervisión para aprendizajes de calidad y oportunidades para todos. Educación Rural - Cardemil, C. (Ministerio de, 2001)

Effective Classroom Adaptations for Students with Visual Impairments - Cox, Penny R.; Dykes, Mary K. (TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2001)

Outcome mapping: building learning and reflection into development programs - Earl, Sarah; Carden, F.; Patton, Michael Quinn; Smutylo, Terry (International Development Research Centre, 2001)
Keywords: Assistance technique; Community development; Coopération internationale; Développement communautaire; Economic development projects; Evaluation; Evaluation research (Social action programs); International cooperation; Projets de développement économique; Technical assistance; Évaluation; Évaluation de programme

Evolution of galaxies with triaxial haloes - El-Zant, A. A. (Astrophysics and Space Science, 2001)

EPPI-Centre Core Keywording Strategy - EPPI-Centre (2001)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; publicImportV1

Family matters: Impacts of family background on educational attainments - Ermisch, John; Francesconi, Marco (Economica, 2001)

Computationally Intensive Methods - Ewens, Warren J.; Grant, Gregory R. (Statistical Methods in Bioinformatics: An Introduction, 2001)
An important trend in statistical inference over the last twenty years has been the introduction of computationally intensive methods. These have been made possible by the availability of convenient and greatly increased computing power, and these methods are useful in bioinformatics and computational biology. Aspects of some computationally intensive methods used for both estimation and hypothesis testing are outlined in this chapter. Computationally intensive methods arise in both classical and Bayesian inference: We concentrate here on computationally intensive methods in classical inference.
Keywords: Bootstrap Estimate; Bootstrap Procedure; Bootstrap Sample; Final_citation; Null Hypothesis; Permutation Procedure; cited; existing

From preparation to practice: Designing a continuum to strengthen and sustain teaching - Feiman-Nemser, Sharon (The Teachers College Record, 2001)

MQA Act nº42, 2001 - Mauritius Qualifications Authority Act - Government of Mauritius (2001)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; CC:Mauritius; publicImportV1

General and Further Education and Training Quality Assurance Act Nº58 - Government of South Africa (2001)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; CC:South Africa; Quality Assurance; publicImportV1

Computer literacy among practical arts teachers in swaziland vocational schools - Hlophe, Zanele F.; Mindebele, CBS (Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 2001)
This article reports findings of a study conducted in Swaziland to determine computer literacy skills of teachers of agriculture, commerce, home economics and technical studies in 16 pilot vocational schools. These teachers are expected to teach the new vocationalised curriculum of the four subjects. Findings revealed that the teachers lacked the basic computer knowledge and skills needed in the newly vocationalised curriculum that was to be mounted in the year 2000 with the financial assistance (loan) from the African Development Bank. However, the teachers indicated a strong interest in taking computer technology courses. © 2001 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:eSwatini; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:curriculum; P:agriculture; P:economy; P:services; P:teachers; P:technology; Q:educational technology; T:TVET; T:Training; T:vocational school; publicImportV1

Local community training and education in southern Tanzania—a case study - Howe, Vicki (Marine Policy, 2001)
Abstract Local coastal communities are highly dependent upon the marine environment not only for protein but also as a primary source of income. In addition, there are growing economic opportunities offered within the coastal zone. As populations increase in these areas there is an increasing demand on coastal resources. This in turn requires effective management initiatives at regional, national and local levels.The Marine Education and Training Programme in Mtwara, southern Tanzania was a small scale capacity building project that incorporated two elements; a primary schools field day education programme and a marine coastal resources course for fishermen and women from the Mtwara District. The programme ran for a period of 1year and during that time 14 schools, 198 children, 34 fishermen, 2 women and 14 villages participated. Results from preliminary evaluation indicated that such education is not only welcome by the local government offices, teachers, village chairmen and fishermen as an expansion of the knowledge base, but is also an important and valuable stepping stone for the local communities to become active in issues regarding the management of coastal resources.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:East Africa; C:Tanzania; CA:AandC; CCZ:Tanzania; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:women; P:economy; P:environment; P:teachers; R:case study; R:evaluation; T:Training; Z:Capacity building; Z:East Africa; Z:Local community; Z:Marine environmental education; publicImportV1

Bar Dissolution in Prolate Halos (In: The Physics of Galaxy Formation) - Ideta, Makoto; Hozumi, Shunsuke (2001)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Research on School Effectiveness on Pupils’ Achievement in Developing Countries with Special Reference to Malawi: Some Methodological Issues. - Kadzamira, Chipo (2001)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

The impact of HIV/AIDS on formal schooling in Malawi - Kadzamira, Esme C.; Swainson, Nicola; Maluwa-Banda, Dixie; Kamlongera, Augustine (2001)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of HIV/AIDS on primary and secondary schooling in Malawi: Developing a comprehensive strategic response - Kadzamira, Esme Chipo; Banda, Dixie Maluwa; Kamlongera, Augustine; Swainson, Nicola (Malawi: Ministry of Education, 2001)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Educational policy choice and policy practice in Malawi: Dilemmas and disjunctures - Kadzamira, Esme; Rose, Pauline (2001)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Connecting early language and literacy to later reading disabilities: Evidence, theory, and practice - Scarborough, H S (Handbook for research in early literacy, 2001)

Pharmaceutical education in the South African multicultural society - Summers, R; Haavik, C; Summers, B; Moola, F; Lowes, M; Enslin, G (American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 2001)
In 1995, South Africa commenced the implementation of a new quality assurance program at all educational levels, which promotes outcomes-based education. Degree programs and academic institutions have to be accredited by the South African Qualifications Authority through discipline-specific Education Training and Quality Assurance bodies. In response to these changes in education structure, the South African Pharmacy Council has developed outcomes-based competency standards for entry-level pharmacists. On the basis of these standards, the School of Pharmacy of the Medical University of Southern Africa, which served a non-white population during the apartheid era, and the Technikon Pretoria, which served a predominantly white student population, have jointly established an integrated, problem-based BPharm curriculum. The student intake on the program reflects the South African demographic composition. The course is designed to meet both the competency requirements and the needs of historically disadvantaged sections of the community. It is now in its third year, with encouraging pass rates.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:South Africa; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:curriculum; F:outcomes; F:qualification; F:standards; P:media; P:technology; Q:degree; T:Ausbildung; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

The Proposal for a LTSN Project Grant - Scribe, Richard Atkinson Birmingham-; Haßler, Björn; Quinney, Douglas (2001)
R. Atkinson, M. Barry, B. Haßler, D. Quinney, “A research proposal on diagnostic testing”, Proceedings of the Undergraduate Mathematics Teaching Conference 2001, Birmingham University.
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its Others - Abu-Lughod, Lila (American Anthropologist, 2002)
This article explores the ethics of the current 'War on Terrorism, asking whether anthropology, the discipline devoted to understanding and dealing with cultural difference, can provide us with critical purchase on the justifications made for American intervention in Afghanistan in terms of liberating, or saving, Afghan women. I look first at the dangers of reifying culture, apparent in the tendencies to plaster neat cultural icons like the Muslim woman over messy historical and political dynamics. Then, calling attention to the resonances of contemporary discourses on equality, freedom, and rights with earlier colonial and missionary rhetoric on Muslim women, I argue that we need to develop, instead, a serious appreciation of differences among women in the world—as products of different histories, expressions of different circumstances, and manifestations of differently structured desires. Further, I argue that rather than seeking to 'save' others (with the superiority it implies and the violences it would entail) we might better think in terms of (1) working with them in situations that we recognize as always subject to historical transformation and (2) considering our own larger responsibilities to address the forms of global injustice that are powerful shapers of the worlds in which they find themselves. I develop many of these arguments about the limits of 'cultural relativism' through a consideration of the burqa and the many meanings of veiling in the Muslim world. [Keywords: cultural relativism, Muslim women, Afghanistan war, freedom, global injustice, colonialism]

The Challenges of community- directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) within the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC - AMAZIGO, U.V.B.R.I.E.G.E.R.; W.R., K.A.T.A.B.A.R.W.A.M.; Akogun, Oladele B; M., N.T.E.P.; BOATIN, B.; N’DOYO, J.; NOMA, M.; A, S.E.K.E.T.E.L.I. (Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 2002)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Revisiting Technical and Vocational Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Update on Trends, Innovations and Challenges. New Trends in Technical and Vocational Education - Atchoarena, David; Delluc, Andre (2002)
Differences in historical, political, cultural, and economic contexts in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) account for wide variations in structures, operating conditions, and outcomes in technical and vocational education (TVE). This diversity is associated with glaring disparities, so in examining policy trends and the reconstruction of training systems particular attention is focused on innovations in an effort to identify promising initiatives likely to contribute to the establishment of consistent TVE systems, closely linked with the world of work and involving labor market stakeholders. Some common emerging trends in TVE include the following: (1) a shift in the policy focus from inputs to outputs; (2) the use of new financing and certification mechanisms; (3) the involvement of social partners in governance; greater autonomy for institutions; (4) the promotion of private providers and company-based training; and (5) an increasing interest in the informal sector and skills development for poverty reduction. Issues addressed include these: (1) an overview of TVE systems in 10 SSA countries; (2) reviewing various models currently in place; (3) documenting relationships between African TVE systems and policies and donor intervention and traditions in TVE; (4) identifying reasons why certain reforms are facing implementation difficulties; analyzing specific innovations; (5) drawing lessons on the implementation of the reform agenda and its impact on TVE systems; and (6) discussing possible directions for future donor support. (Includes 167 references.) (MO)
Keywords: Accreditation (Institutions); Comparative Education; Cultural Context; Donors; Economic Climate; Education Work Relationship; Educational Administration; Educational Change; Educational Finance; Educational Innovation; Educational Policy; Foreign Countries; Informal Education; Labor Market; Partnerships in Education; Policy Analysis; Postsecondary Education; Poverty Programs; Trend Analysis; Vocational Education

Private Technical and Vocational Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Provision Patterns and Policy Issues. New Trends in Technical and Vocational Education - Atchoarena, David; Esquieu, Paul (International Institute for Educational Planning, 2002)
The private provision trend in technical and vocational education (TVE) in sub-Saharan Africa occurred as the deterioration of state-run TVE systems in the region created a market niche for private providers. While advocates of deregulation believe the adoption of market principles in TVE will lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness, private providers have emerged in an uncoordinated and unmonitored fashion. A literature review and case studies of two countries Senegal and Mali led to some of the following key findings: (1) in some countries the majority of TVE students are enrolled in private institutions; (2) a large number of private TVE institutions operate illegally; (3) private provision concentrates on the service and commercial trades; and (4) the private sector may operate with lower costs and be more responsive to the labor market, but they do not provide much job-related training or include work-experience programs. Some of the policy issues are as follows: (1) simplifying procedures for establishing private TVE institutions facilitates their growth but is not sufficient to prevent the growth of an illegal sector; (2) the lack of regulation for private TVE institutions raises complex issues regarding the mechanisms required to ensure quality and protect consumers against abuses; and (3) for private TVE to succeed, students and the programs themselves must receive some public funding and develop relationships with industry. (Includes 84 references.) (MO)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:Mali; C:Senegal; CA:AandC; CC:Mali; CC:Senegal; CL:de; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; Case Study; F:policy; F:regulation; P:mechanic; P:services; Q:Postsecondary Education; R:case study; R:literature review; T:TVET; T:Training; T:vocational school; Z:Case Studies; Z:Compliance (Legal); Z:Education Work Relationship; Z:Educational Development; Z:Educational Finance; Z:Educational Policy; Z:Educational Quality; Z:Federal Regulation; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Free Enterprise System; Z:Government Role; Z:Government School Relationship; Z:Postsecondary Education; Z:Private Education; Z:Proprietary Schools; Z:Public Education; Z:Quality Control; Z:School Business Relationship; Z:Vocational Education; Z:Vocational Schools; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Improving micro-planningin education througha Geographical Information SystemStudies on Ethiopia and Palestine - Attfield, Ian; Tamiru, Mathewos; Parolin, Bruno; De Grauwe, Anton (2002)
Keywords: _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Cambodia KHM; _C:Chile CHL; _C:Denmark DNK; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:Eritrea ERI; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Finland FIN; _C:France FRA; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Iceland ISL; _C:India IND; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Israel ISR; _C:Italy ITA; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Norway NOR; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:State of Palestine PSE; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Switzerland CHE; _C:Tunisia TUN; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The Impact of the Aids Epidemic on Primary and Secondary School Teachers and University Staff in Malawi.“ - Bennell, Paul; Kadzamira, Esme (University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, 2002)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Community Sensitization and Mobilization Study - Chimombo, J. P. G.; Kadzamira, Esme C. (Centre for Educational Research and Training, 2002)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Dark halo shapes and the fate of stellar bars - El-Zant, Amr; Shlosman, Isaac (The Astrophysical Journal, 2002)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Action research on diagnostic testing and student support (ARDTS, mathstore.ac.uk) - Haßler, Björn; Atkinson, Richard; Quinney, Douglas; Barry, Mike (2002)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; Björn-CV-OECS; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

The OECS Model of Integration in the Context of Caribbean Regionalism - Ishmael, Len (Membresía de CRIES/CRIES Members, 2002)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Changing Roles of Non-Governmental Organisations in Education in Malawi. - Kadzamira, Esme Chipo; Kunje, Demis (2002)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Information and communication technologies in teacher education: a planning guide - Khvilon, Evgueni; Patru, Mariana (UNESCO, 2002)

Implementation research: state of the art and future directions - Linton, Jonathan D. (Technovation, 2002)

Innovation, growth, and social cohesion: the Danish model - Lundvall, Bengt-Åke (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2002)

National systems of production, innovation and competence building - Lundvall, Bengt-Åke; Johnson, Björn; Andersen, Esben Sloth; Dalum, Bent (Research policy, 2002)

Qualitative researching - Mason, Jennifer (Sage, 2002)
Keywords: CitedIn:BIBBTVET; CitedIn:eCubed; DL4D cited; Done:ReferenceFixed; TPD@Scale-cited; TPD@Scale_1; eCubed

A Quality assessment of education and for Kenya's tour-operating sector - Mayaka, M; King, B (Current Issues in Tourism, 2002)
This study examines the provision of tourism education and training in Kenya in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa and developing countries. Specifically the paper examines the human resource skills needed by Kenya’s tour-operating sector and the extent to which current training provision is adequate. The approach used in the present study is a modified version of WTO’s Tourism Education and Quality (TEDQUAL) methodology. The results indicate considerable convergence between the perceptions of industry operators and education providers concerning quality gaps in the development of skills. A number of systemic training shortcomings are identified including curriculum deficiencies and the inadequate development and enhancement of workplace skills. In view of the resource constraints facing most developing countries, it is argued that tourism trainingandeducation should consciously address the needs of the locally-based industry and that such an approach should result in a more effective education and training system.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:Kenya; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:D; CT:F; CT:P; CT:T; D:developing country; F:assessment; P:measurement; P:technology; P:tourism; T:Ausbildung; _C:Algeria DZA; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Congo XCO; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:France FRA; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Indonesia IDN; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:New Zealand NZL; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; publicImportV1

Action research and the transfer of reflective approaches to in-service education and training (INSET) for unqualified and underqualified primary teachers in Namibia - O’Sullivan, Margo C. (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2002)
The literature on training approaches for both pre-service and in-service teacher training has been dominated since the 1980s by reﬂective approaches. This has undoubtedly inﬂuenced the relatively recent introduction of reﬂective approaches in developing countries. This article explores efforts, within an action research study of a 3-year (1995–1997) In-service Education and Training (INSET) programme, to implement reﬂective approaches in the training of unqualiﬁed and underqualiﬁed primary teachers in Namibia. The study raises ‘transfer’ questions concerning the appropriateness of reﬂective approaches, as conceptualised in western contexts, for these teachers. It led to the adaptation of these approaches and ultimately the development of an approach termed the ‘structured reﬂection’ approach, which was within the professional capability of the teachers to implement at the time of the study. Action research was used to develop this approach. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effective follow-up strategies for professional development for primary teachers in Namibia - O'Sullivan, Margo C. (Teacher development, 2002)

Is the acquisition of basic-colour terms in young children constrained? - Pitchford, Nicola J.; Mullen, Kathy T. (Perception, 2002)

Why Governments Should Invest More to Educate Girls - Schultz, T.Paul (World Development, 2002)

Developing communities of instructional practice - Supovitz, Jonathan A. (Teachers college record, 2002)

Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: writing a literature review - Webster, J; Watson, RT (MIS Quarterly, 2002)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE OF MEXICO AND BRAZIL - Wolff, Laurence; Castro, Claudio de Moura; Navarro, Juan Carlos; García, Norma (Technologies for Education: Potentials, Parameters and Prospects, 2002)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of school mapping in the development of education in Tanzania: an assessment of the experiences of six districts - Galabawa, Justinian C. J.; Agu, Augustine Obeleagu; Miyazawa, Ichiro (Evaluation and Program Planning, 2002)
In this study the authors have looked at the impact of school mapping in the development of education in Tanzania. The study examined the experiences of six districts where school mapping exercises were carried out. The key question that guided the study is what happened after school mapping. Through a combination of instruments and/or techniques—interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussion, and document analysis, the study found that school mapping impacted in varying degrees positively on the development of education in the districts in terms of increased enrollment and attendance, decreased incidents of dropping out, improved information for decision making, and enhanced capacities of field actors to plan and take action. The authors conclusively argued that for the benefits of school mapping to be maximized and sustained, it should not be a one shot activity for data collection purposes only. Rather, it should be an on-going process of assessment, analysis, and action.
Keywords: _C:Central African Republic CAF; _C:France FRA; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:India IND; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Uganda UGA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Does it make a difference? Evaluating professional development - Guskey, Thomas R (Education Leadership, 2002)
Using five critical levels of evaluation, you can improve your school's professional development program. But be sure to start with the desired result—improved student outcomes.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

The importance of posting and interaction with the education bureaucracy in becoming a teacher in Ghana - Hedges, John (International Journal of Educational Development, 2002)
This paper addresses some of the issues surrounding the posting of newly trained teachers in Ghana. It specifically investigates the assertion that the posting system is ‘ineffective’ from the perspective of newly trained teachers who have been through the process. It emerged from analysis of the qualitative data that newly trained teachers’ experiences and perceptions of the posting process had a significant impact on their occupational culture. The research draws upon documents, interviews with members of the education bureaucracy, and interviews with 23 newly trained teachers posted to basic schools in rural areas in Central Region. The paper illuminates some of the problems involved in posting newly trained teachers to rural schools and looks for explanations as to why some teachers take up their postings and others do not.
Keywords: Basic education; C:Ghana; Deployment; Ghana; Induction; NQTs; Teacher education

The effects of gender, acclimation state, the opportunity to adjust clothing and physical disability on requirements for thermal comfort - Parsons, K. C. (Energy and Buildings, 2002)
A program of laboratory studies into thermal comfort requirements is presented. Two studies used groups of 16 subjects over a range of conditions (warm to cool) to investigate the effects of gender over 3h exposures in simulated living room/office environments. It was found that for identical levels of clothing and activity, there were only small differences in the thermal comfort responses of male and female subjects for neutral and slightly warm conditions. For cool conditions, female subjects tended to be cooler than males. An experiment to investigate the effects of heat acclimation on thermal comfort requirements involved six male subjects providing thermal comfort responses in neutral and slightly warm environments over 2 days. They then carried out an acclimatization program over 4 days, for 2h per day, exercising in a hot (45°C, 40% relative humidity) environment. Thermal comfort responses were then recorded in two sessions over 2 days in identical conditions to the pre-acclimation session. It was found that changes in thermal comfort responses were small and likely to be of little practical significance. An investigation into the behavior of people to maintain thermal comfort by adjusting their clothing was conducted using eight male and eight female subjects. Seated subjects reduced or increased their clothing level by using a wardrobe of clothing that was familiar to them. It was found that subjects can adjust their clothing to maintain thermal comfort, but within limits. Upper limits (clothing off) will be determined by modesty and acceptability. Lower limits (clothing on) will be determined by clothing design and acceptability. A low air temperature limit of 18°C in freely available clothing may provide a working hypothesis. A laboratory study of thermal comfort requirements for people with physical disabilities compared responses with those of people without physical disabilities. It was found that there are few group differences between thermal comfort requirements of people with and without physical disabilities. However, there is a greater necessity to consider individual requirements for people with physical disability.
Keywords: Acclimation; Disability; Gender; Thermal comfort

Professional development and teacher change - Guskey, T. R. (Teachers and Teaching, 2002)

Outcomes-based education and educational reform in South Africa - Botha, Nico (International Journal of Leadership in Education, 2002)
The outcomes-based education or OBE paradigm (the underlying philosophy behind South Africa's ‘Curriculum’ 2005), which focuses on the outcomes of the educational process, was introduced in South Africa during the last decade as one of the measures to improve the quality of education in post-apartheid South Africa and to address the demands for an increasingly skilled working force. The OBE system (model) was introduced in South Africa on the assumption that it would lead to an increase in the quality of education that South African learners attain in schools. However, questions remain regarding whether OBE will necessarily improve the quality of education and transform South African schools. These questions are addressed, and the introduction of outcomes-based education in South Africa is discussed.

The stratospheric circulation in the tropics - Haßler, Björn (University of Cambridge, 2002)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Case studies in Diagnostic Testing for Maths - Atkinson, R.; Barry, M.; Haßler, Björn; Quinney, D. (Diagnostic Testing for Maths, 2003)
"Diagnostic Testing for Maths" (2003), LTSN MathsTEAM, MSOR connections, Vol 3, No 2.
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; Björn-CV-OECS; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

The impact of HIV/AIDS on the education sector in Malawi - Chawani, Brenner Samuel; Kadzamira, Esme C. (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEst), Government of Malawi, 2003)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Pedagogical renewal and teacher development in sub-Saharan Africa: A thematic synthesis - Dembélé, Martial; Miaro-II, Be Rammaj (Citeseer, 2003)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Rigor in information systems positivist case research: current practices, trends, and recommendations - Dube ́, L; Par‍‍‍é, G (MIS Quarterly, 2003)

Core Keywording Strategy - EPPI Centre (2003)

EPPI-Centre Guidelines for extracting data and quality assessing primary studies in educational research - EPPI-Centre (2003)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; publicImportV1

A review of traditional Ghanaian and Western philosophies of adult education - Fordjor, P; Kotoh, , A; Kpeli, K Kumah (International Journal of Lifelong Education, 2003)
The primary objective of this article is to critically examine some aspects of the traditional Ghanaian and Western philosophies of adult education. It is a well-attested fact that many of the pre-colonial and early colonial writers about Africa portrayed Africa as a dark continent devoid of advanced centres of learning worthy of emulation by others. The old West African civilizations of Ghana, Mali and Songhai with advanced centres of learning at Timbuktu and Djenne in the 11th century seemed to have been completely ignored by these writers (Boahen 1967: 20, Davidson 1966b: 50). Even though many other writers including several missionaries, anthropologists and historians, depicted Africa in a rather positive and scientific manner (Davidson 1966b, Goody 1966), much of the negative image created long ago still exists and needs to be examined and corrected. The formal Western system of school education was introduced in Ghana more than a century ago. Despite this, about 60% of the adult population today makes its living as illiterate farmers, workers, apprentices or master craftsmen in the various traditional art and craft production centres. Consequently, traditional adult education continues to play an important role in the social and economic development of the country. Like the Western system of adult education the Ghanaian traditional education has sound philosophical foundations, which have helped to maintain political stability and social cohesion in the country over the years. Much is written about Western and eastern philosophies but there is a dearth of literature on philosophies of adult education from Africa. Given that Africa is the second largest continent on the globe and that adult education proliferates throughout the continent, the authors felt their investigation would make a significant contribution to a global understanding of the field. Additionally, there is an increasing need for African students to appreciate and re-establish confidence in their own culture. This review cannot cover all of Africa so the focus is on Ghana, one country in West Africa.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:West Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; P:measurement; Q:adult education; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:Training; T:apprentice; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Denmark DNK; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Greece GRC; _C:Mali MLI; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Trinidad and Tobago TTO; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; publicImportV1

A Proposal for a National Curriculum Policy for the Grenada Education System - Gift, Edrick H.; Curriculum, A. National; Gift, Edrick H.; D, Ph (World Bank, 2003)
Keywords: _G:reviewed; _Not used in LR

Language and other background factors affecting secondary pupils' performance in Mathematics in South Africa - Howie, Sarah J. (African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2003)

Perceptions of professional learning communities - Huffman, Jane; Jacobson, Arminta (Int. Leadership in Education, 2003)

Where has all the education gone in Malawi? - Kadzamira, Esme C. (Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex, 2003)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Can free primary education meet the needs of the poor?: evidence from Malawi - Kadzamira, Esme; Rose, Pauline (International journal of educational development, 2003)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Summary of findings from an investigative study of abuse of girls in Malawian primary schools - Kadzamira, Eve (Malawi Journal of Development Education, 2003)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

An investigative study of the abuse of girls in African schools - Leach, Fiona; Fiscian, Vivian; Kadzamira, Esme; Lemani, Eve; Machakanja, Pamela (2003)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Information and Communication Technologies in Library and Information Science Education in Kenya - Minishi-Majanja, Mabel K.; Ocholla, Dennis N. (Education for Information, 2003)
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become central to education and training in Library and Information Science/Service (LIS) because of the great influence of these technologies on the professional world. This study on Kenya is part of a larger doctoral research project that aims to map and audit the types, nature and diffusion of ICTs in LIS education and training programmes in Africa. The findings indicate that all LIS schools in Kenya have embraced the use of ICTs, but there are major variations in terms of application. All but one LIS School offers a wide range of relevant ICT courses, many of them as core modules. However, not all of them offer, or are able to offer, practical hands-on experience for their students. In teaching and learning, only a few LIS schools use ICTs to deliver lectures, the majority still favouring age-old methods of face-to-face classroom teaching. In research, the lack of ICT facilities has resulted in partial and minimal use of ICTs, especially since academic staff have to pay (individually, from private funds) to access the Internet. For the same reasons electronic publishing of research results on the Internet is low. In terms of academic administration, most LIS schools have computerised but most activities still are conducted offline due to networking inadequacies. The study recommends that Kenyan LIS schools should increase the use of ICTs in teaching and learning to foster greater effectiveness. Kenyan LIS schools should strive to provide online and distance education in order to open more learning opportunities for the nation. (Contains 5 tables and 1 footnote.)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; C:Kenya; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:access; F:assessment; F:attitude; F:curriculum; F:learning; F:offline; F:pay; F:teaching; P:administration; P:electro; P:nature; P:services; P:technology; Q:ICT; Q:distance education; R:evaluation; R:questionnaire; SpecialTopic:Library; T:Classroom teaching; T:Training; Z:Administrator Attitudes; Z:Curriculum Evaluation; Z:Deans; Z:Educational Assessment; Z:Educational Development; Z:Educational Indicators; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Information Science Education; Z:Information Technology; Z:Institutional Characteristics; Z:Questionnaires; Z:Technology Integration; Z:Technology Uses in Education; Z:Use Studies; publicImportV1; ❓ Multiple DOI

Literature Review in Science Education and the Role of ICT: Promise, Problems and Future Directions - Osborne, J.; Hennessy, S. (Nesta FutureLab, 2003)

King Arthur's Round Table: How collaborative conversations create smart organizations - Perkins, D. (Wiley, 2003)

Vocational Education and Training – An Overview - Pütz, Helmut (2003)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Major issues and controveries in the use of mixed methods in the social and behvioral sciences - Teddlie, Charles; Tashakkori, Abbas (Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research, 2003)
Keywords: CitedIn:eCubed; Done:ReferenceFixed; eCubed; ⛔ No DOI found

Teacher professional development: An international review of the literature - Villegas-Reimers, E. (2003)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Introduction: Learning about teacher learning: reflections of a science educator - Wallace, J. (Leadership and Professional Development in Science Education: New Possibilities for Enhancing Teacher Learning, 2003)

Technology and social inclusion: rethinking the digital divide - Warschauer, Mark (MIT Press, 2003)
Keywords: Digital divide; Final_citation; Marginality, Social; cited; existing

Technology and social inclusion: rethinking the digital divide - Warschauer, Mark (MIT Press, 2003)
Keywords: Digital divide; Marginality, Social

Commercialising higher education in the UK: The state, industry and peer review - Willmott, Hugh (Studies in Higher Education, 2003)

Short report: Summary of findings from an investigative study of abuse of girls in Malawian primary schools - Kadzamira, Esme C. & Lemani Eve (Malawi Journal of Development Education, 2003)
The main objectives of the study were to investigate the nature, pattern and extent of abuse of girls in Malawian primary schools, examine ways in which the schools addressed the issue of abuse, and recommend strategies for reducing its incidence. The study was part of a larger research project covering Ghana and Zimbabwe as well as Malawi, based at the Centre for International Education, University of Sussex, England, funded by the Department for International Development (DFID).
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Design Experiments in Educational Research - Cobb, Paul; Confrey, Jere; diSessa, Andrea; Lehrer, Richard; Schauble, Leona (Educational Researcher, 2003)
In this article, the authors first indicate the range of purposes and the variety of settings in which design experiments have been conducted and then delineate five crosscutting features that collectively differentiate design experiments from other methodologies. Design experiments have both a pragmatic bent??engineering? particular forms of learning?and a theoretical orientation?developing domain-specific theories by systematically studying those forms of learning and the means of supporting them. The authors clarify what is involved in preparing for and carrying out a design experiment, and in conducting a retrospective analysis of the extensive, longitudinal data sets generated during an experiment. Logistical issues, issues of measure, the importance of working through the data systematically, and the need to be explicit about the criteria for making inferences are discussed.

Education, Equity and Social Cohesion: A Distributional Model. Wider Benefits of Learning Research Report - Green, Andy; Preston, John; Sabates, Ricardo (The Centre for Research on the Wider Benefits of Learning, Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL (5 British pounds), 2003)
The effects of education on social cohesion at the societal level were examined. First, a theoretical analysis and critique of models in the existing international and comparative literature on education, social capital, and social cohesion was conducted. The analysis resulted in development of a new hypothetical model relating skills distribution to social cohesion. Cross-national, quantitative research techniques were used to test the model on aggregated data for 15 countries from the World Values Survey, International Adult Literacy Survey, and Interpol crime statistics. The analysis established that societal cohesion is different, although related, to the community-level cohesion typically investigated in social capital research. The new "distributional" model therefore hypothesized a relation between education and societal cohesion based on distribution of educational outcomes rather than average levels of education. The analysis based on the new model established that Germany, Portugal, and the United States have the lowest scores on social cohesion, and the Netherlands, Denmark, and Norway have the highest. Measures of inequality in educational outcomes were higher in English-speaking countries and in some northern continental and Nordic countries. The analysis confirmed the hypothetical relationship between educational equality and societal cohesion. (Eight figures/tables are included. The bibliography lists 93 references. An explanation of the country indicators' derivation is appended.) (MN)
Keywords: Access to Education; Comparative Education; Crime; Developed Nations; Educational Attainment; Educational Research; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Literature Reviews; Models; Multivariate Analysis; Outcomes of Education; Research Methodology; Role of Education; Skill Development; Social Capital; Social Integration; Social Science Research; Sociology

With the help of one's neighbors: externalities in the production of nutrition in Peru - Alderman, Harold; Hentschel, Jesko; Sabates, Ricardo (Social Science & Medicine, 2003)
Both public and private resources contribute to the nutritional status of children. In addition, the investments made by one household may contribute to the health of other households in the neighborhood through improvements in the sanitation environment and through increases in shared knowledge. This paper measures the externalities of investments in nutrition by indicating the impact of the education of women in Peruvian neighborhoods on the nutrition of children in other households, after controlling for the education and income of those households. We find that in rural areas this shared knowledge has a significant impact on nutrition, with the coefficient of an increase in the average education of women in the neighborhood being appreciable larger than the coefficient of education in isolation. In addition, we indicate the impact of the water and sanitation environment in the neighborhood, again controlling for the household's own access to sanitation and water. In both urban and rural areas, we observe externalities from investments in such household level infrastructure with the evidence particularly strong for sanitation made by neighboring households.
Keywords: Externalities; Female education; Nutrition; Peru; Sanitation; Water

Wanted, A National Teacher Supply Policy for Education:The Right Way to Meet The "Highly Qualified Teacher" Challenge - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Sykes, Gary (education policy analysis archives, 2003)
Teacher quality is now the focus of unprecedented policy analysis. To achieve its goals, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) requires a “highly qualified teacher” in all classrooms. The concern with teacher quality has been driven by a growing recognition, fueled by accumulating research evidence, of how critical teachers are to student learning. To acquire and retain high-quality teachers in our Nation’s classrooms will require substantial policy change at many levels. There exists longstanding precedent and strong justification for Washington to create a major education manpower program. Qualified teachers are a critical national resource that requires federal investment and cross-state coordination as well as other state and local action. NCLB provides a standard for equitable access to teacher quality that is both reasonable and feasible. Achieving this goal will require a new vision of the teacher labor market and the framing of a national teacher supply policy. States and local districts have vital roles to play in ensuring a supply of highly qualified teachers; however, they must be supported by appropriate national programs. These programs should be modeled on U.S. medical manpower efforts, which have long supplied doctors to high- need communities and eased shortages in specific health fields. We argue that teacher supply policy should attract well-prepared teachers to districts that sorely need them while relieving shortages in fields like special education, math and the physical sciences. We study the mal-distribution of teachers and examine its causes. We describe examples of both states and local school districts that have fashioned successful strategies for strengthening their teaching forces. Unfortunately, highly successful state and local program to meet the demand for qualified teachers are the exception rather than the rule. They stand out amid widespread use of under-prepared teachers and untrained aides, mainly for disadvantaged children in schools that suffer from poor working conditions, inadequate pay and high teacher turnover. The federal government has a critical role to play in enhancing the supply of qualified teachers targeted to high-need fields and locations, improving retention of qualified teachers, especially in hard-to-staff schools, and in creating a national labor market by removing interstate barriers to mobility.
Keywords: Program Development; Teacher Qualifications; Teacher Supply and Demand; _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Spain ESP; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

An instrument to elicit teachers' beliefs and assumptions - Donaghue, Helen (ELT Journal, 2003)
Teachers' beliefs influence the acceptance and uptake of new approaches, techniques, and activities, and therefore play an important part in teacher development. Consequently, trainers running teacher education courses should consider encouraging participants to think about their personal beliefs and theories about teaching before providing input. This article proposes the use of an instrument designed to elicit teachers' beliefs based on Kelly's (1969) theory of personal constructs, using an adapted version of his repertory grid technique.

Development and validation of a measure to assess head start children's appraisals of teacher support - Mantzicopoulos, Panayota; Neuharth-Pritchett, Stacey (Journal of School Psychology, 2003)
In this study, we present data on the development of Young Children's Appraisals of Teacher Support (Y-CATS), a measure designed to explore children's perceptions of their relations with teachers along dimensions that comprise warmth, conflict, and autonomy. Three cohorts of Head Start children and prior Head Start attendees (N=364) served as the sample. Cohort 1 children (n1=108) were in first grade, cohort 2 children (n2=123) were in kindergarten, and cohort 3 children (n3=133) attended the Head Start program. Factor analyses supported a three-factor solution, with acceptable internal consistency, along hypothesized dimensions. Males, compared to females, reported more conflictual relationships with their teachers. Conflict scores were particularly pronounced for African American males. Children's reports on the Y-CATS were significantly associated with academic achievement and with teachers' ratings of social skills and behavior problems.

The experience of fresher students in mathematics diagnostic testing (Symposium on Undergraduate Mathematics Teaching) - Barry, Mike; Quinney, Douglas; Haßler, Björn; Atkinson, Richard; Hirst, Christine (Fourth Southern Hemisphere Symposium on Undergraduate Mathematics Teaching, 2003)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Education, Equality and Social Cohesion: A distributional approach - GREEN, ANDY; PRESTON, JOHN; SABATES, RICARDO (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2003)
Promoting social cohesion through education has re-emerged as an important policy objective in many countries during the past decade. But there is little clarity in policy discussions about what social cohesion means and how education may affect it. In this article we distinguish between social capital and societal cohesion and argue that education acts in differential ways on each. Using comparative, cross-country analysis, we develop a 'distributional model' which shows the relationship between equality of educational outcomes and various measures of social cohesion. In the final part of the article we discuss theories explaining the cross-country trends and variations in educational inequality and social inheritance in education, and argue that education system characteristics, such as degrees of 'comprehensiveness' in secondary schooling, may be an important factor in both. We conclude by arguing that policies to increase social cohesion through education must pay more attention to the reduction of educational equality than they currently do.

A review of the research literature on barriers to the uptake of ICT by teachers - Becta (2004)

What the research says about portable ICT devices in teaching and learning - Becta (What the Research Says, 2004)

Educational inequality and the expansion of UK higher education - Blanden, Jo; Machin, Stephen (Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2004)
In this paper we explore changes over time in higher education (HE) participation and attainment between people from richer and poorer family backgrounds during a time period when the UK higher education system expanded at a rapid rate. We use longitudinal data from three time periods to study temporal shifts in HE participation and attainment across parental income groups for children going to university in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. The key finding is a highly policy relevant one, namely that HE expansion has not been equally distributed across people from richer and poorer backgrounds. Rather, it has disproportionately benefited children from relatively rich families. Despite the fact that many more children from higher income backgrounds participated in HE before the recent expansion of the system, the expansion acted to widen participation gaps between rich and poor children. This finding is robust to different measures of education participation and inequality. It also emerges from non-parametric estimations and from a more detailed econometric model allowing for the sequential nature of education choices with potentially different income associations at different stages of the education sequence.

Distance Learning for Teacher Training in Brazil - Bof, Alvana (International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 2004)
Keywords: C:Brazil; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Germany DEU; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Professional development and teacher learning: mapping the terrain - Borko, H. (Educational Researcher, 2004)

Collaboration and self-regulation in teachers' professional development - Butler, D.L.; Lauscher, H.N.; Jarvis-Selinger, S.; Beckingham, B. (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2004)

Shifting power to make a difference - Chambers, Robert; Pettit, Jethro (Inclusive aid, 2004)

The Impact of HIV/AIDS on the Education Sector in Malawi: Study 2; Examining the Impact of HIV/AIDS on Governance in the Education Sector - Chawani, Brenner S.; Kadzamira, Esme (Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MoEST)/IIEP-UNESCO, Lilongwe, Malawi, 2004)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

From transmission to collaborative learning: Best evidence in continuing professional development (CPD) - Cordingley, P; Rundell, B; Temperey, J; McGregor, J (International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement (ICSEI), 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Learnership Model of Workplace Training and Its Effective Management: Lessons Learnt from a Southern African Case Study - Davies, Theresa-Anne; Farquharson, Fiona (Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 2004)
Since 1998, the "Learnership" model of workplace training has been promoted in South Africa as a creative vehicle for addressing high unemployment rates and a serious skills shortage. This is achieved through fast-tracking the acquisition of skills and increasing a learner's chances of employment. However, because learnerships are a recent innovation, the body of applied knowledge is small. This article aims to contribute to what is known through examining a series of pilot projects, implemented between 1997 and 2001 in KwaZulu-Natal. A key finding concerns how learnerships are managed: the effective delivery of a learnership programme and of its outcomes requires the involvement of key stakeholders from the outset, role clarity and a carefully structured and monitored process of implementation. Using a case study approach, this article situates learnerships within the context of workplace training; explores four key lessons learnt and presents a proposed model of effective learnership management. (Contains 2 tables, 2 figures and 4 notes.)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:South Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:outcomes; P:measurement; R:case study; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:TVET; T:Training; Z:Apprenticeships; Z:Case Studies; Z:Education Work Relationship; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Job Skills; Z:Job Training; Z:Labor Market; Z:Models; Z:Pilot Projects; Z:Skill Development; Z:Vocational Education; Z:Work Experience; publicImportV1

The Impact of Education on Fertility and Child Mortality: Do Fathers Really Matter Less Than Mothers? - Duflo, E.; Breierova, L. (NBER Working Paper, 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Retrospective vs. Prospective Analyses of School Inputs: The Case of Flip Charts in Kenya. - Glewwe, Paul; Kremer, Michael; Moulin, Sylvie; Zitzewitz, Eric (Journal of Development Economics, 2004)

Inclusive aid: changing power and relationships in international development - Groves, Leslie Christine; Hinton, Rachel Barbara (Earthscan, 2004)
Keywords: Developing countries; Economic assistance; Poverty

The African Institute for Mathematical Sciences - Haßler, Björn (2004)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

The experience of fresher students in mathematics diagnostic testing (MSOR) - Haßler, Björn; Atkinson, Richard; Quinney, Douglas; Barry, Mike (MSOR Connections, 2004)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Preliminary estimates of missing force magnitudes - Haßler, Björn; Warner, CD; McIntyre, ME (1st General Assembly of the European Geophysical Union, 2004)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; ⛔ No DOI found

What works in girls' education: Evidence and policies from the developing world - Herz, Barbara; Sperling, Gene B. (2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

A rationale for reconfiguring tertiary education in Montserrat & the OECS to meet the life-long learning challenges of the twentyfirst century - Howe, G.; Cassell, DAPHNE (Retrieved October, 2004)
Keywords: _C:Antigua and Barbuda ATG; _C:Bahamas BHS; _C:Barbados BRB; _C:Belize BLZ; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Dominica DMA; _C:France FRA; _C:Guyana GUY; _C:Haiti HTI; _C:India IND; _C:Jamaica JAM; _C:Saint Kitts and Nevis KNA; _C:Saint Lucia LCA; _C:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VCT; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Trinidad and Tobago TTO; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Financing Primary Education for All: Public expenditure and education outcomes in Malawi - Kadzamira, Esme C.; Nthara, Khwima; Kholowa, Foster (Institute of Development Studies, 2004)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Malawi: Study of Non-state providers of basic services - Kadzamira, Esme; Moran, Dominique; Mulligan, Jo; Ndirenda, Nebert; Reed, B.; Rose, P. (DFID Policy division, 2004)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Procedures for Undertaking Systematic Reviews - Kitchenham, B (2004)

The classroom assessment scoring system: Findings from the prekindergarten year - La Paro, Karen M.; Pianta, Robert C.; Stuhlman, Megan (The elementary school journal, 2004)

Gender violence in schools: Malawi - Leach, F.; Fiscian, V.; Kadzamira, E.; Lemani, E.; Machakanja, P. (2004)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

The patterns and purposes of school-based and cluster teacher professional development programs - Leu, Elizabeth (Issues Brief, 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Knowledge and identity: An African Vision of Higher Education Transformation - Makgoba, Malegapuru; Seepe, Sipho (Towards an African Identity of Higher Education, 2004)

Constructivist or instructivist: pedagogical concepts practically applied to a computer learning environment - McKenna, Peter; Laycock, Ben (2004)

Vocational Education and Training through Open and Distance Learning: World review of distance education and open learning - Moran, L; Rumble, G (2004)
The world needs workers with more and better skills. Conventional apprenticeships and old methods of professional training are not providing enough skilled workers, so governments, companies and colleges are all using open and distance learning to fill these gaps. This unique international review of experience looks at the policies needed in both the private and the public sector for effective vocational education and training at all levels – from basic skills to continuing professional education. It goes on to examine the new roles of information and communication technologies, establishing what we know about their performance, and identifying the choices to be made in applying technologies to vocational education and training. The book will help senior institutional managers and policy makers to understand and appreciate: • the role distance education can play in increasing skills levels in young people and the existing workforce; • the potential advantages and disadvantages of using technology, and therefore make better-informed choices about technology use; • how to integrate distance education with traditional educational models and approaches.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:South Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:learning; F:policy; P:measurement; P:media; P:teacher education; Q:ICT; Q:ODEL; Q:distance education; Q:distance learning; Q:educational technology; Q:open learning; T:Ausbildung; T:Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio; T:Educação profissionalizante; T:Fortbildung; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:TVET; T:continuing education; T:work-based learning; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Literature review in mobile technologies and learning - Naismith, Laura; Sharples, Mike; Vavoula, Giasemi; Lonsdale, Peter (2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The combined use of qualitative and quantitative methods in educational research - Niglas, Katrin (undefined, 2004)
Figure 2. Relationship between philosophy and methodology in social science and educational research (adapted from Niglas 2001a and 2001b) - "THE COMBINED USE OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ABSTRACT"
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

THE COMBINED USE OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ABSTRACT - Niglas, Katrin (undefined, 2004)
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "THE COMBINED USE OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ABSTRACT" by Katrin Niglas
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Safe Handling of Agricultural Chemicals: An Introductory Manual for Agricultural Extension Workers - Tudunwada, I.Y. (ISBN, 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Effects of Solid Urban Wastes on Some Soil Properties in Kumbotso LGA, Kano State - Tudunwada, I.Y.; Essiet, E.U. (Daula Hotel, 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

A guide to implementation research - Werner, Alan (The Urban Insitute, 2004)

Despite the Odds (2004)

BBiG - nichtamtliches Inhaltsverzeichnis (2005)

Colloque de Libreville au Gabon Éducation technologique, formation professionnelle et développement durable (2005)
Dans notre série “Médiatisation des communications des membres du RAIFFET”, nous ouvrons aujourd’hui le livre d’histoire pour publier les actes du premier colloque qui s’est tenu en 2005 à LIBREVILLE au GABON . Bonne lecture… Jean Sylvain Bekale Nze, Jacques Ginestié, Bernard Hostein, Christian Mouity éditeurs Sous le haut patronage de son Excellence, Monsieur le Président de la République Gabonaise, Chef …
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Vocational education and training in southern Africa: a comparative study - Akoojee, Salim; Gewer, Anthony; McGrath, Simon A. (Research Programme on Human Resources Development, Human Sciences Research Council, 2005)
Introduction This volume is intended to develop and share knowledge within the southern African region regarding the challenges faced by vocational education and training (VET) systems and the responses to these challenges. Some of these challenges arise out of the history of VET in the region, whilst others relate to current international discourses about VET. The field of VET in southern Africa has been badly neglected. It is very difficult to find an article in the international journals on the topic, and it is even less likely that it will have been written by a national of the region, based at one of its research institutions. VET has also attracted little attention in the policy community for more than a decade, given the donor fascination with basic education since the World Conference on Education for All in 1990 (McGrath 2002). However, VET can play an important role in supporting social and economic development goals, and major VET policy reforms and the creation of new institutions are either underway or planned in all seven countries under study in this book. Therefore, it is my intention in this introduction to illuminate the nature of some of these changes, their origins and their likelihood of success. In so doing, I will show how VET is an important policy nexus – located as it is between economic and educational policy, between the state and the market, and between concerns with poverty and growth. Before this volume turns to examine this complexity through an exploration of the experiences of seven countries (Botswana, Lesotho, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland), it is important to locate these national and contemporary debates in the historical evolution of ideas about VET. In so doing, I will look at both internal trends within Africa and the impact of external ideas.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; AA:Africa, Southern; C:Botswana; C:Lesotho; C:Mauritius; C:Mozambique; C:Namibia; C:South Africa; C:eSwatini; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:Q; CT:T; Q:ICT; T:TVET; Vocational education; publicImportV1

Architecture of Sysperanto: a model-based ontology of the is field - Alter, S. (Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Remedying education: Evidence from Two randomized experiments in India - Banerjee, Abhijit; Cole, Shawn; Duflo, Esther; Linden, Leigh L (NBER, 2005)
Many efforts to improve school quality by adding school resources have proven to be ineffective. This paper presents the results of two experiments conducted in Mumbai and Vadodara, India, designed to evaluate waysto improve the quality of education in urban slums. A remedial education program hired young women from the community to teach basic literacy and numeracy skills to children lagging behind in government schools. We find the program to be very effective: it increased average test scores of all children in treatment schools by 0.14 standard deviations in the first year, and 0.28 in the second year, relative to comparison schools. A computer-assisted learning program provided each child in the fourth grade with two hours of shared computer time per week, in which students played educational games that reinforced mathematics skills. The program was also very effective, increasing math scores by 0.35 standard deviations the first year, and 0.47 the second year. These results were not limited to the period in which students received assistance, but persisted for at least one year afterleaving the program. Two instrumental variable strategies suggest that while remedial education benefited the children who attended the remedial classes, their classmates, who did not attend the remedial courses but did experience smaller classes, did not post gains, confirming that resources alone may not be sufficient to improve outcomes.
Keywords: _Added to LR; _T:reviewed

Creating and sustaining effective professional learning communities - Bolam, Ray; McMahon, Agnes; Stoll, Louise; Thomas, Sally; Wallace, Mike; Greenwood, Angela; Hawkey, Kate; Ingram, Malcolm; Atkinson, Adele; Smith, Michele (Research report, 2005)

Lernen in Arbeitsprozessen - Kompetenzentwicklung - Bremer, Rainer (Handbuch Berufsbildungsforschung, 2005)

The impact of collaborative continuing professional development (CPD) on classroom teaching and learning - Cordingley, Philippa; Bell, Miranda; Thomason, S.; Firth, A. (Review: How do collaborative and sustained CPD and sustained but not collaborative CPD affect teaching and learning, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Teaching as a profession: Lessons in teacher preparation and professional development - Darling-Hammond, L. (Phi delta kappan, 2005)

Seeing, thinking and acting against malaria - A new aprroach to health worker training in rural Gambia - Dawson, Angela; Joof, Balla Musa (Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice, 2005)
Context: In the Gambia, West Africa, Malaria is a major cause of death among children in rural areas. It has been estimated that in one division in the country malaria accounts for 40% of all deaths in children aged between one and 4 years. Most malaria cases are managed at home assisted by primary healthcare workers. The strategic plan of Gambia's National Malaria Control Programme includes improved training and supervision of all health care providers, at all levels, and increased community awareness in order to reduce the malaria burden by 50% before 2007. Issue: A malaria in-service training program for Community Health Nurses (CHNs) working at village level was piloted in 2004. The program includes a computer-based training (CBT) package, the first of its kind for health professionals in Gambia. The education program is part of a larger initiative, funded by the Gates Malaria Partnership, that aims to increase community involvement in malaria control. The objective of the course is to enable CHNs to facilitate the change process. The curriculum was informed by a reference group and stakeholder input. Interviews and evaluation forms were used to gather information about learner experience and learning preferences. Analysis: The CBT package was well received. Learners reported wanting more computer instruction, but felt they had gained confidence. There was resistance from other health professionals regarding the development of information technology skills in CHNs. This related to the perceived role and status of CHNs, as well as confidence in their ability. Some modifications of the CBT package were necessary, including the reworking of some activities and language. Lessons learned: There are issues related to sustainability and resource implications that need to be addressed. Opportunities exist to expand e-learning in the Gambia for preservice CHNs and other professionals. An investigation into the viability of reproducing this module as a generic planning tool for allied health workers and other extension workers at community level will be undertaken. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; C:Gambia; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:D; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; D:developing context; F:curriculum; F:learning; P:health; P:health professionals; P:nurse; Q:ICT; Q:e-learning; R:evaluation; R:interview; T:Ausbildung; T:Training; T:work-based learning; Z:Community health nurses; Z:Computer based training developing contexts; Z:Health worker education and training; Z:computer based training developing contexts; Z:health worker education and training; publicImportV1

How students learn: Science in the classroom - Donovan, M.S.; Bransford, J.D. (National Academies Press, 2005)

Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes - Drummond, M.F.; Sculpher, M.J.; Torrance, G.W.; O'Brien, B.J.; Stoddart, G.L. (Oxford University Press, 2005)

Learning as peripheral participation in communities of practice: a reassessment of key concepts in workplace learning - Fuller, Alison; Hodkinson, Heather; Hodkinson, Phil; Unwin, Lorna (British Educational Research Journal, 2005)

BNVQF - Botswana National Vocational Qualifications Framework - Government of Botswana (2005)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; CC:Botswana; Qualification Framework; publicImportV1

Vulnerability, partnerships and the pursuit of survival: Urban livelihoods and apprenticeship contracts in a West African City - Hanson, Kobena (GeoJournal, 2005)
This paper analyses local level apprenticeship contracts and networks to highlight informal urban livelihoods within the context of socio-economic vulnerability and wider contemporary changes taking place in Koforidua, Ghana. It does so by specifically examining the complex entanglements of interpersonal relationships that characterize apprenticeship contracts within which home-based entrepreneurs and artisans in Koforidua engage in to sustain both current livelihoods, as well as to shore themselves against socio-economic vulnerability triggered in part by adjustment. As a result of the changing geography of the city, network entanglements, comprising resilient ties and egalitarian relations, have become vital to urban livelihoods in this community. However, apprenticeship contracts and the networks they engender can be a double-edged sword. For instance, demands of reciprocity or support from co-network members, neighbours and family, can be so taxing that some individuals opt out of the network. This tension notwithstanding, this paper contends that apprenticeship contracts and the network spaces they create have created a new social cohesion and community that transcend the traditionally known spaces of social support, i.e. ethnic ties, family ties or even institutional support. © Springer 2005.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; CA:AandC; CCZ:Ghana; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:P; CT:T; P:artist; P:economy; P:measurement; P:social; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; Z:Apprenticeship contracts; Z:Micro-enterprises; Z:Social networks; Z:Socio-economic vulnerability; Z:Urban livelihoods; _C:Ghana GHA; publicImportV1

Survey Measures of Web-Oriented Digital Literacy - Hargittai, Eszter (Social Science Computer Review, 2005)
This article presents survey measures of web-oriented digital literacy to serve as proxies for observed skill measures, which are much more expensive and difficult to collect for large samples. Findings are based on a study that examined users’ digital literacy through both observations and survey questions, making it possible to check the validity of survey proxy measures. These analyses yield a set of recommendations for what measures work well as survey proxies of people’s observed web-use skills. Some of these survey measures were administered on the General Social Survey 2000 and 2002 Internet modules, making the findings relevant for the use of existing large-scale national data sets. Results suggest that some composite variables of survey knowledge items are better predictors of people’s actual digital literacy based on performance tests than are measures of users’ self-perceived abilities, a proxy traditionally used in the literature on the topic.

How do carers of disabled children cope? The Ugandan perspective - Hartley, SOVP; Ojwang, P.; Baguwemu, A.; Ddamulira, M.; Chavuta, A. (Child: care, health and development, 2005)

Freudbot: An investigation of chatbot technology in distance education - Heller, Bob; Proctor, Mike; Mah, Dean; Jewell, Lisa; Cheung, Bill (Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE), 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Monitoring and Evaluation of ICT in Education Projects: A Handbook for Developing Countries. - InfoDev (The World Bank, 2005)

School Mapping and Micro-planning in Primary Education (Tanzania) - International Development Center of Japan (2005)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Achievements and Challenges in Meeting the Gender Equity Goals in EFA in Sub-Saharan Africa with a Focus on Southern Africa - Kadzamira, E.C. (Education For All, Southern Africa Conference, 7-10 February 2005, Johannesburg, South Africa., 2005)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI; ⛔ No DOI found

Tensions and dilemmas of cross-cultural transfer of knowledge: post-structural/postcolonial reflections on an innovative teacher education in Pakistan - Kanu, Yatta (International Journal of Educational Development, 2005)

The adult learner - Knowles, M.S.; Holton, E.F.; Swanson, R.A. (Elsevier, 2005)

Quality Teaching: Building a Flexible and Dynamic Approach. GEC Working Paper Series. Number 2. - Leu, Elizabeth; Hays, Frances; LeCzel, Donna Kay; O'Grady, Barbara (GEC Working paper series, 2005)

An Examination of the Evidence-Based Literacy Research in Deaf Education - Luckner, John L.; Sebald, Ann M.; Cooney, John; Young, John; Muir, Sheryl Goodwin (American Annals of the Deaf, 2005)
Keywords: _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The SACMEQ II Project in Kenya: A study of the conditions of schooling and the quality of education. Kenya Working Report, SACMEQ Educational Policy Research Series. Harare and Nairobi: Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) and Kenya Ministry of Education - Onsomu, E.; Nzomo, J.; Obiero, C. (2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Kidscreen quality-of-life measure for children and adolescents - Ravens-Sieberer, U; Gosch, A; Erhart, M; Bruil, J; Duer, W; Auquier, P; Power, M; Abel, T; Czemy, L; Mazur, J; Czimbalmos, A; Tountas, Y; et al. (Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research, 2005)
Keywords: Done:ReferenceFixed; eCubed

At last: Recent applications of new literacy studies in educational contexts - Street, B V (Research in the Teaching of English, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Cassava Development at the Local Government Level: “Implementation Strategies - Tudunwada, I.Y. (2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Dos and don't in monitoring and evaluation - Unwin, T.; Day, B. (Excerpted from the infoDev publication: Monitoring and Evaluation of ICT in Education Projects: A Handbook for Developing Countries, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Towards a framework for the use of ICT in teacher training in Africa - Unwin, Tim (Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 2005)

Effects of Early Childhood Psychosocial Stimulation and Nutritional Supplementation on Cognition and Education in GrowthStunted Jamaican Children: Prospective Cohort Study. - Walker, Susan P.; Chang, Susan M.; Powell, Christine A.; Grantham-McGregor, Sally M. (The Lancet, 2005)

Meta-synthesis method for qualitative research: a literature review - Walsh, Denis; Downe, Soo (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005)
Aim. This paper discusses the purpose and stages of meta-synthesis and the epistemological status of knowledge generated from the technique. Particular attention is paid to exploring the contested areas of the method that remain. Background. There is a growing interest in meta-synthesis as a technique for generating new insights and understanding from qualitative health care research. An increasing number of meta-synthesis papers are appearing in the nursing and midwifery literature. Methods. Literature on the technique of meta-synthesis and examples of meta-synthesis papers were searched and reviewed. A meta-synthesis exercise was undertaken, and this informed reflection and critique of the method. Findings. Meta-synthesis attempts to integrate results from a number of different but inter-related qualitative studies. The technique has an interpretive, rather than aggregating, intent, in contrast to meta-analysis of quantitative studies. Examples from the literature indicate that some aspects of the technique are not yet fully established. Conclusion. Despite the contingent nature of evidence gleaned from meta-synthesis and current lack of consensus about some of its aspects, meta-synthesis is an important technique for qualitative researchers and can deepen understanding of the contextual dimensions of health care.
Keywords: contextual; interpretive; literature review; meta-synthesis; midwifery; qualitative research

Improving Educational Quality through Interactive Radio Instruction - World Bank (2005)

Om kvalitet i kvalitativa studier - Larsson, Staffan (Nordic Studies in Education, 2005)

Explaining the Short Careers of High-Achieving Teachers in Schools with Low-Performing Students - Boyd, Donald; Lankford, Hamilton; Loeb, Susanna; Wyckoff, James (American Economic Review, 2005)
Keywords: Analysis of Education; Public Sector Labor Markets; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Norway NOR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Shariah Implementation and Democracy in Nigeria: Expected Problems and Prospects” in Al-Ijtihad - Aisha Abdu-Ismail (The Journal of Islamization of Knowledge and Contemporary Issues, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Realist review--a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions - Pawson, Ray; Greenhalgh, Trisha; Harvey, Gill; Walshe, Kieran (Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2005)
Evidence-based policy is a dominant theme in contemporary public services but the practical realities and challenges involved in using evidence in policy-making are formidable. Part of the problem is one of complexity. In health services and other public services, we are dealing with complex social interventions which act on complex social systems--things like league tables, performance measures, regulation and inspection, or funding reforms. These are not 'magic bullets' which will always hit their target, but programmes whose effects are crucially dependent on context and implementation. Traditional methods of review focus on measuring and reporting on programme effectiveness, often find that the evidence is mixed or conflicting, and provide little or no clue as to why the intervention worked or did not work when applied in different contexts or circumstances, deployed by different stakeholders, or used for different purposes. This paper offers a model of research synthesis which is designed to work with complex social interventions or programmes, and which is based on the emerging 'realist' approach to evaluation. It provides an explanatory analysis aimed at discerning what works for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects and how. The first step is to make explicit the programme theory (or theories)--the underlying assumptions about how an intervention is meant to work and what impacts it is expected to have. We then look for empirical evidence to populate this theoretical framework, supporting, contradicting or modifying the programme theories as it goes. The results of the review combine theoretical understanding and empirical evidence, and focus on explaining the relationship between the context in which the intervention is applied, the mechanisms by which it works and the outcomes which are produced. The aim is to enable decision-makers to reach a deeper understanding of the intervention and how it can be made to work most effectively. Realist review does not provide simple answers to complex questions. It will not tell policy-makers or managers whether something works or not, but will provide the policy and practice community with the kind of rich, detailed and highly practical understanding of complex social interventions which is likely to be of much more use to them when planning and implementing programmes at a national, regional or local level.
Keywords: Evaluation Studies as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Models, Theoretical; Policy Making; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; State Medicine; United Kingdom

Interactions between school systems and reading Recovery programmes – evidence from Northern Ireland - Munn, Penny; Ellis, Sue (The Curriculum Journal, 2005)
Recent work on raising attainment in education has raised theoretical issues about organizational responses to innovation and qualitative aspects of programme implementation. In particular, the ‘depth’ of an implementation (the extent to which a programme actually changes the educational interactions between pupils and their teachers) is now thought to be as important as its ‘spread’ (the number of schools in which it is replicated). Such issues, together with the existing literature on Reading Recovery implementation, suggest that it is time to review the models of implementation held within the Reading Recovery community. We used a range of methods at four levels of data collection to analyse variation in ‘depth’ of implementation in a countrywide Reading Recovery programme. From our findings we conclude that Reading Recovery has achieved resounding success as an individual programme, but that it would be still more efficient if the models of implementation were to be reviewed.
Keywords: _Added to LR; _G:reviewed; change model; implementation; reading recovery; school effect

Guidelines for Establishment and Operation of Production Unit in Technical Colleges (2006)

Wireless laptops as means for promoting active learning in large lecture halls - Barak, M.; Lipson, A.; Lerman, S. (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2006)

Long‐term impact of malaria chemoprophylaxis on cognitive abilities and educational attainment: follow‐up of a controlled trial - Bariau, Robert J.Sternberg; Drake, Lesley J.; Milligan, Paul; Cheung, Yin Bun (PLoS clinical trials, 2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Evaluation of DFID Country Programmes: Malawi, 2000-2005 - Barnett, Chris; Chisvo, Munhamo; Kadzamira, Esme; van der Meer, Esther; Paalman, Maria; Risner, Colin (EVSUM EV661. London: Department for International Development. Available at …, 2006)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

Artisan training and employment outcomes in Tanzania - Bennell, Paul; Mukyanuzi, Faustin; Kasogela, Maurice; Mutashubirwa, Francis; Klim, Mikkel (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2006)
Studies have shown that artisan training courses in Africa are not cost-effective, and do not improve quality of life. The studies on artisanship education and their effects are discussed.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; C:Tanzania; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:T; F:outcomes; P:artist; P:crafts; Survey; T:Training; Z:Craftsmen; Z:Feasibility studies; Z:Occupational training; Z:Quality of life; __C:filed:1; publicImportV1

Community & Family Engagement. Principals Share What Works - Berg, Amy C; Melaville, Atelia; Blank, Martin J; Coalition for Community Schools, Washington, DC; National Association of Secondary School Principals, Reston, VA; National Association of Elementary School Principals, Washington, DC (Distributed by ERIC Clearinghouse, 2006)
This paper explores ways in which principals of community schools--and other principals who, though they may not yet identify their schools as community schools, are responding in a very similar manner--work successfully with community partners, families, and other key stakeholders to improve student outcomes. By reflecting on the topic from the perspective of principals, the text offers insights about why they engage community, why doing so is hard, and what strategies and approaches they find most effective. This information could be valuable to principals who devote their energy and passion to the education of America's children. It also will inform the work of school systems, which must support their principals in this work, and of those involved in developing the next generation of principals. (Contains 5 figures and 20 notes.) [This report sponsored by the MetLife Foundation.].

Teacher Education at a Distance: Impact on Development in the Community - Binns, Felicity; Wrightson, Tony (DFID, 2006)
Keywords: C:Low- and middle-income countries; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Guyana GUY; _C:Jamaica JAM; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Lesotho LSO; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:New Zealand NZL; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Sudan SDN; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Trinidad and Tobago TTO; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Teachers training, class size and students’ outcomes: Evidence from third grade classes in France. Unpublished paper - Bressoux, P.; Kramarz, F.; Prost, C. (2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Computer simulations - technological advances in inquiry learning - de Jong, T. (Science, 2006)

What Is a “Professional Learning Community”? - DuFour, Richard (2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

4. What are the effects of education on health? - Feinstein, Leon; Sabates, Ricardo; Anderson, Tashweka M; Sorhaindo, Annik; Hammond, Cathie (2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

How to accelerate your internet: a practical guide to bandwidth management and optimisation using open source software - Flickenberg, Rob (INASP/ICTP, 2006)

Learning the master's trade: Apprenticeship and human capital in Ghana - Frazer, Garth; Frazer, Garth (Journal of Development Economics, 2006)
This paper explores the institution of apprenticeship in Ghana. A model is presented where apprenticeship training is idiosyncratic, increasing an individual's productivity in the current firm, but not in any other firm. Still, individuals are willing to fund apprenticeships as they can reap the returns to the specific training of apprenticeship if they manage to acquire the capital required to start their own firms, and replicate the technology and business practice of the apprenticeship firm. Predictions of the model for the productivity and remuneration of different workers are developed and tested using both a linked employer-employee survey of manufacturing firms and a national household survey. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; AA:Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:learning; F:remuneration; P:manufacture; P:technology; Q:masters; R:survey; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:Training; T:apprenticeship training; Z:Apprenticeship; Z:Human capital; _C:Ghana GHA; publicImportV1

The collaborative apprenticeship model: situated professional development within school settings - Glazer, E.M.; Hannafin, M.J. (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2006)