Teaching Group Counseling in Botswana: Two U.S.-Trained Counselors Discuss Experiences and Share Cultural Considerations for Practice - Coker, Angela D.; Majuta, Aaron R. (Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 2015)
There is a paucity of research in the area of teaching group counseling within an African context. In this article we describe and reflect on our experiences teaching group counseling at an institution of higher learning in the country of Botswana. We discuss cultural traditions and strengths that support an environment of group work in Botswana, describe cross-cultural challenges we experienced along the way as we implemented Western-derived didactic and experiential components of group counseling training, and discuss the ways in which we addressed the cultural differences we encountered. Implications for future cross-cultural research and training are discussed.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; C:Botswana; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:attitude; F:learning; F:pedagogy; F:teaching; P:culture; P:environment; P:social; Q:higher education; T:Training; T:trainee; Z:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); Z:Colleges; Z:Counselor Training; Z:Cross Cultural Training; Z:Cultural Awareness; Z:Cultural Differences; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Group Counseling; Z:Group Dynamics; Z:Higher Education; Z:Interpersonal Communication; Z:Prosocial Behavior; Z:Social Attitudes; publicImportV1

Using video for professional development: the role of the discussion facilitator - Coles, Alf (Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 2013)
Past research into the use of video for professional development has failed to problematise or theorise sufficiently the role of the discussion facilitator. It has been reported consistently that it can be hard or take time to establish norms for discussion of video but little has been said about reasons why, or the role of the discussion facilitator. As a starting point in this area, I suggest fives aspects or decision points in the role of the facilitator. Two aspects are taken from the literature and the others are drawn from empirical data, collected as part of an enactivist study into the use of video in one sec- ondary school. At the school, teachers commented on finding video watching in a group more useful than lesson observation, with no evidence of this taking time to develop. I offer speculations, based on enactivist category theory, as to why the use of video in this school is effective. Having presented key aspects of the role of the facilitator of video use, a further look at the detail of the data from discussions serves to highlight some of the complexities involved in just one of the categories (and, by implication, the others). I conclude that the role of the facilitator cannot be separated from a consideration of the historical context in which discussion takes place.

Preference Signaling in Matching Markets - Coles, Peter; Kushnir, Alexey; Niederle, Muriel
Keywords: _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Switzerland CHE; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ❓ Multiple DOI

CORONAVIRUS: OP-ED: Why it can’t be education as usual - Collective, Bua-lit (Daily Maverick, 2020)
In this time of the Covid-19 pandemic and school closures, we need to plan and strategise creatively so that ALL South African children – not just those with access to digital devices, data, and network coverage – can continue to learn.

Teacher education in anglophone west Africa: Does policy match practice? - Colley, Kabba E. (International Perspectives on Education and Society, 2014)
© 2014 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. This chapter focuses on a study, which investigates the question: How do teacher education policies match teacher education practices in Anglophone West Africa? Teacher education policy in this chapter refers to action statements in verbal or written form made by national education authorities/agencies about teacher education, while teacher education practice refers to the work that teachers do. Using the method of research synthesis, multi-layered, purposeful sampling of various data sources, Boolean and non-Boolean search strategies, qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures, the study identified over a hundred documents. Out of these, 77 documents met the criteria for inclusion in the study. The distribution of research outcomes by Anglophone West African countries were as follows: 18.2% were on Gambia, 27.3% were on Ghana, 10.4% were on Liberia, 24.7% were on Nigeria, and 19.5% were on Sierra Leone. From this research synthesis, it is evident that there is a gap between teacher education policy and practice in Anglophone West Africa. Most teacher education policies are "add-on," meaning that they were formulated as part of a larger national policy framework on basic, secondary and tertiary education. In addition, the research synthesis found that Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone are very similar in terms of their pre-service teacher training models, but differ in their in-service and professional development systems, while Liberia has a slightly different in-service model with varying durations. The limitations and implications of the findings for further comparative and international education research are discussed in the chapter.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; AAZ:West Africa; C:Gambia; C:Liberia; C:Nigeria; C:Sierra Leone; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:inclusion; F:outcomes; F:policy; P:services; P:teacher education; P:teacher training; P:teachers; Q:tertiary education; R:qualitative; R:quantitative; R:synthesis; T:Training; Z:Education; Z:Policy; Z:Supply; Z:Teacher; Z:Training; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Sierra Leone SLE; publicImportV1

Teacher Education in Anglophone West Africa: Does Policy Match Practice? - Colley, Kabba E. (Annual Review of Comparative and International Education 2014, 2014)
This chapter focuses on a study, which investigates the question: How do teacher education policies match teacher education practices in Anglophone West Africa? Teacher education policy in this chapter refers to action statements in verbal or written form made by national education authorities/agencies about teacher education, while teacher education practice refers to the work that teachers do. Using the method of research synthesis, multi-layered, purposeful sampling of various data sources, Boolean and non-Boolean search strategies, qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures, the study identified over a hundred documents. Out of these, 77 documents met the criteria for inclusion in the study. The distribution of research outcomes by Anglophone West African countries were as follows: 18.2% were on Gambia, 27.3% were on Ghana, 10.4% were on Liberia, 24.7% were on Nigeria, and 19.5% were on Sierra Leone. From this research synthesis, it is evident that there is a gap between teacher education policy and practice in Anglophone West Africa. Most teacher education policies are “add-on,” meaning that they were formulated as part of a larger national policy framework on basic, secondary and tertiary education. In addition, the research synthesis found that Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone are very similar in terms of their pre-service teacher training models, but differ in their in-service and professional development systems, while Liberia has a slightly different in-service model with varying durations. The limitations and implications of the findings for further comparative and international education research are discussed in the chapter.
Keywords: Education; Policy; Supply; Teacher; Training; West Africa

The effects of Reading Recovery® on the American Indian/non-American Indian achievement gap - Collins, Mary L. (University of South Dakota, 2012)
Keywords: _AcademicRecoveryOECS

The Impact of Open Educational Resources on Various Student Success Metrics - Colvard, Nicholas B; Watson, C Edward; Park, Hyojin
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Design of Teacher Assignment: Theory and Evidence. - Combe, Julien; Tercieux, Olivier; Terrier, Camille (2020)
To assign teachers to schools, a modiﬁed version of the well-known deferred acceptance mechanism has been proposed in the literature and is used in practice. We show that this mechanism fails to be fair and efﬁcient for both teachers and schools. We identify a class of strategyproof mechanisms that cannot be improved upon in terms of both efﬁciency and fairness. Using a rich dataset on teachers’ applications in France, we estimate teachers preferences and perform a counterfactual analysis. The results show that these mechanisms perform much better than the modiﬁed version of deferred acceptance. For instance, the number of teachers moving from their positions more than triples under our mechanism.
Keywords: Lebanon_event_2021; _C:Czech Republic CZE; _C:France FRA; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Italy ITA; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Peru PER; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:United States USA; _C:Uruguay URY; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

The hidden ones: children with disabilities in Africa and the right to education - Combrinck, Helene (Children’s rights in Africa: A legal perspective, 2008)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Social Choice, Agency, Inclusiveness and Capabilities - Comim, Flavio; Anand, P. B.; Fennell, Shailaja (Cambridge University Press, 2024)
The capability approach is a versatile framework rooted on issues of justice and multidimensional assessment of quality of life developed in the 1980s as an alternative approach to prevailing mainstream development ideas focused narrowly on economic development. Most closely associated with the work of Amartya Sen, it has become of great interest to development scholars from a variety of different disciplines. Much has already been done exploring the conceptual foundations of the capability approach and discussing Sen's contribution to the field, but few books have explored the links between social choice (another field with rich contributions by Sen) and human development issues. Featuring many of the world's leading experts on social choice theory and capability indicators, Social Choice, Agency, Inclusiveness and Capabilities combines these interrelated themes into one volume and fully explores the relevance of social choice to human development.
Keywords: Business & Economics / Development / Economic Development; Social Science / Sociology / General

An integrative review of teaching reading in Kenyan primary schools - Commeyras, M.; Inyega, H.N. (Reading Research Quarterly, 2007)

A Blueprint for Education Data: Realising Children’s Best Interests in Digitised Education - Commission, Digital Futures (2023)
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

COL in the Commonwealth: Sierra Leone - Commonwealth of Learning (2020)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

International Partnership of Distance and Online Learning for COVID-19 - Commonwealth of Learning (Commonwealth of Learning, 2020)

The Status of ICT in Education in Saint Lucia - Commonwealth of Learning (2017)

Commonwealth Secretariat Strategic Plan 2021/22 – 2024/25 - Commonwealth Secretariat (2021)

Public Universities with a Public Conscience - A Proposed Plan.pdf - Concerned Academics (2020)
A Proposed Plan for a Social Pedagogy Alternative in the Time of Pandemic

WhatsApp or Telegram. Which is the Best Instant Messaging Tool for the Interaction in Teamwork? - Conde, Miguel Á; Rodríguez-Sedano, Francisco J.; Rodríguez Lera, Francisco J.; Gutiérrez-Fernández, Alexis; Guerrero-Higueras, Ángel Manuel (International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

HLAEquity: Examining biases in pan-allele peptide-HLA binding predictors - Conev, Anja; Fasoulis, Romanos; Hall-Swan, Sarah; Ferreira, Rodrigo; Kavraki, Lydia E. (iScience, 2024)
Keywords: Computational bioinformatics; Human Geography; Immune system; Machine learning

Using eye-tracking in applied linguistics and second language research - Conklin, Kathy; Pellicer-Sánchez, Ana (Second Language Research, 2016)
With eye-tracking technology the eye is thought to give researchers a window into the mind. Importantly, eye-tracking has significant advantages over traditional online processing measures: chiefly that it allows for more ‘natural’ processing as it does not require a secondary task, and that it provides a very rich moment-to-moment data source. In recognition of the technology’s benefits, an ever increasing number of researchers in applied linguistics and second language research are beginning to use it. As eye-tracking gains traction in the field, it is important to ensure that it is established in an empirically sound fashion. To do this it is important for the field to come to an understanding about what eye-tracking is, what eye-tracking measures tell us, what it can be used for, and what different eye-tracking systems can and cannot do. Further, it is important to establish guidelines for designing sound research studies using the technology. The goal of the current review is to begin to address these issues.
Keywords: Final_citation

Identifying effective education interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-analysis of rigorous impact evaluations - Conn, K. (Columbia University, 2014)

Identifying effective education interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-analysis of impact evaluations - Conn, K.M. (Review of Educational Research, 2017)
In this article, I identify educational interventions with an impact on student learning in Sub-Saharan Africa. After a systematic literature search, I conducted a meta-analysis synthesizing 56 articles containing 66 separate experiments and quasi-experiments and 83 treatment arms. I evaluated 12 types of education interventions such as the provision of school supplies, the use of teacher incentives, and school-based management programs. I examine each intervention type, present analytics on relative effectiveness, and explore why certain interventions seem to be more effective. A key finding is that programs that alter teacher pedagogy or classroom instructional techniques had an effect size approximately 0.30 standard deviations greater than all other types of programs combined. Limited evidence further suggests that pedagogical programs that employed adaptive instruction or teacher coaching were particularly effective. Given that the literature in the field is still nascent overall, these results advocate for further research into these pedagogical interventions.

A systematic literature review of empirical evidence on computer games and serious games - Connolly, Thomas M.; Boyle, Elizabeth A.; MacArthur, Ewan; Hainey, Thomas; Boyle, James M. (Computers & Education, 2012)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Evidence-based practices and implementation science in special education - Cook, Bryan G.; Odom, Samuel L. (Exceptional children, 2013)
Keywords: ❓ Multiple DOI

Adapting a compilation of implementation strategies to advance school-based implementation research and practice - Cook, Clayton R.; Lyon, Aaron R.; Locke, Jill; Waltz, Thomas; Powell, Byron J. (Prevention Science, 2019)

21st century learning in Zambia - iSchool.zm and OER4Schools.org - Cook, Peter (2014)
This video features http://ischool.zm and http://www.oer4schools.org. It was produced by Björn Haßler (http://bjohas.de), directed by Peter Cook, and camera by Rich Peart. The video was part-funded by ARM, and part-funded by OER4Schools.
Keywords: Author:Haßler; Author:OpenDevEd; _bjoern_cv; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence

Defining the process to literature searching in systematic reviews: a literature review of guidance and supporting studies - Cooper, Chris; Booth, Andrew; Varley-Campbell, Jo; Britten, Nicky; Garside, Ruth (BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2018)
Systematic literature searching is recognised as a critical component of the systematic review process. It involves a systematic search for studies and aims for a transparent report of study identification, leaving readers clear about what was done to identify studies, and how the findings of the review are situated in the relevant evidence.
Keywords: Citation Chasing; Information Specialists; Literature Search Process; Tacit Models; Unique Guidance

Organizing knowledge syntheses: a taxonomy of literature reviews - Cooper, H.M. (Knowledge in Society, 1988)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Effects of Summer Vacation on Achievement Test Scores: A Narrative and Meta-Analytic Review - Cooper, Harris; Nye, Barbara; Charlton, Kelly; Lindsay, James; Greathouse, Scott (Review of Educational Research, 1996)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Information technology implementation research: a technological diffusion approach - Cooper, Randolph B.; Zmud, Robert W. (Management science, 1990)

Implementation of education technology in schools and colleges - CooperGibson Research (Department for Education, 2022)

Exploring the Use of Tweets and Word Clouds as Strategies in Educational Research - Cooshna-Naik, Dorothy (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
This paper presents personal insights and discussions on the exploration of specific strategies which relate to data collection and analysis used to support the focus group discussion data collection and preliminary analysis of a doctoral research entitled Undergraduate students’ experiences of learning with digital multimodal texts. The main objective of the doctoral research was to understand the different ways undergraduate students experienced learning with digital multimodal texts (DMTs) within the context of a history module included in their first-year programme of studies both as readers (consumers) and authors (producers). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, written reflection accounts, a focus group discussion and consideration given to the DMT (a video) produced by the participants. The focus group discussion event included a hands-on task whereby participants were requested to write their views in response to a given prompt question in the form of tweets. Also, the written tweets were visualised as word clouds for the purpose of initial analysis. The findings reported in this paper, which are based on observation notes and investigation of the word clouds, suggest that the tweet-related, hands-on task acted as a good ice breaker, making the participants feel at ease and more relaxed about sharing their views amongst each other while eliciting discussions and fostering deeper thinking. Also, the word clouds were revealed to be an effective data visualisation tool allowing emerging and salient themes to stand out from the participants’ written tweets and reflections.
Keywords: Educational research; Multimodal Texts; Tweets; Word Clouds; ⛔ No DOI found

Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth through Age 8 - Copple, Carol; Bredekamp, Sue (National Association for the Education of Young Children, 2010)

Developing Great Teaching: Lessons from the international reviews into effective professional development. - Cordingley, P; Huggins, S; Greany, T; Buckley, N; Coles-Jordan, D; Crisp, B; Saunders, L; Coe, R (Teacher Development Trust, 2015)
Developing Great Teaching: Lessons from the international reviews into effective professional development In September 2014 the Teacher Development Trust, with kind support from TES Global, commissioned a review of the international research into what constitutes effective professional development for teachers. The review was conducted by an...
Keywords: C:England / International; STC-TLC; __C:filed:1; ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

From transmission to collaborative learning: Best evidence in continuing professional development (CPD) - Cordingley, P; Rundell, B; Temperey, J; McGregor, J (International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement (ICSEI), 2004)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of collaborative continuing professional development (CPD) on classroom teaching and learning - Cordingley, Philippa; Bell, Miranda; Thomason, S.; Firth, A. (Review: How do collaborative and sustained CPD and sustained but not collaborative CPD affect teaching and learning, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Rhizomatic Education: Community as Curriculum - Cormier, Dave (Innovate: Journal of Online Education, 2008)
The pace of technological change has challenged historical notions of what counts as knowledge. Dave Cormier describes an alternative to the traditional notion of knowledge. In place of the expert-centered pedagogical planning and publishing cycle, Cormier suggests a rhizomatic model of learning. In the rhizomatic model, knowledge is negotiated, and the learning experience is a social as well as a personal knowledge creation process with mutable goals and constantly negotiated premises. The rhizome metaphor, which represents a critical leap in coping with the loss of a canon against which to compare, judge, and value knowledge, may be particularly apt as a model for disciplines on the bleeding edge where the canon is fluid and knowledge is a moving target. (Contains 4 exhibits.)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Student engagement with computerized practising: Ability, task value, and difficulty perceptions - Cornelisz, Ilja; Van Klaveren, Chris (Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2018)
Keywords: _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in the Context of the National Numeracy Programme in Malawi: Findings from a Rapid In-depth Qualitative Study - Correa de Oliveira, André; Kanyoza, Charity; Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Boilo, Violet; Kadzamira, Esme; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2023)
Keywords: _forthcoming; _r:AddedByZotZen

A incompatibilidade entre os atributos dos recursos educacionais abertos e as preferências dos usuários como barreira à difusão de inovação - Correa, Juliana Nelia do Nascimento (Universidade de São Paulo, 2019)
Keywords: _C:Australia AUS; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Chile CHL; _C:China CHN; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Iceland ISL; _C:India IND; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Luxembourg LUX; _C:Mauritius MUS; _C:Montenegro MNE; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Peru PER; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Sudan SDN; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Venezuela VEN; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Effects of school reform factors on students’ acceptance of technology - Corredor, Javier; Olarte, Fredy Andres (Journal of Educational Change, 2019)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Teacher self-efficacy in online education: a review of the literature - Corry, Michael; Stella, Julie (Publisher, 2018)
Although empirical validation of teacher self-efficacy in face-to-face environments continues, it remains a relatively new construct in online education. This literature review, which was conducted over academic databases and which examined work published in the past 15 years, explores three areas of research about teacher self-efficacy in online education: (1) ease of adopting online teaching, (2) online teaching self-efficacy in comparison to demographic and experience variables and (3) changes in teacher self-efficacy in professional development scenarios where self-efficacy was measured before and after treatment. Research studies demonstrate agreement (or no discernible disagreement) in the importance of system/curriculum quality in the implementation of online learning and the recognition that a measure of self-efficacy in online pedagogy has not yet been empirically derived. Researchers continue to examine the balance of technological and pedagogical knowledge that supports the development of teacher self-efficacy, the role of learner self-efficacy in teacher self-efficacy and whether teacher self-efficacy differs fundamentally in online education. In addition, it seems clear that empirical validation of the association of teacher self-efficacy and student success has yet to occur in online education with the rigour seen in face-to-face modes of delivery.
Keywords: _C:State of Palestine PSE; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Too Little or Too Much? Actionable Advice in an Early-Childhood Text Messaging Experiment - Cortes, Kalena E.; Fricke, Hans; Loeb, Susanna; Song, David S. (2018)

Artificial Intelligence and Environmental Decision Support Systems - Cortés, U.; Sànchez-Marrè, M.; Ceccaroni, L.; R-Roda, I.; Poch, M. (Applied Intelligence, 2000)

Open and Innovative Schooling: An Implementation Experience in Fifteen Secondary Schools across Mozambique - Cossa, Sérgio Paulo; Nakala, Lurdes Patrocínia Matavela; Cherinda, Nilsa Adelaide Issufo Enoque Pondja (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
This case study explores the open and innovative schooling model piloted in fifteen secondary schools across all regions of Mozambique in the period 2018 to 2020. The model involved provision of access to curriculum-based digital Open Educational Resources (OER) using an Aptus device to enable sharing offline. Learning support centres offering access to some ICT as well as opportunities for individual use or structured tutorials were established in fifteen schools around the country. A mixed methods tracer study was designed and implemented using quantitative analysis to ascertain student enrolment, retention and success and then used qualitative focus surveys and focus groups to gauge the satisfaction of students, teachers and managers with the OIS model to inform future planning. While the pilot was generally considered successful in augmenting existing secondary schooling provision, access to devices, teacher development and support and expansion of curriculum coverage were all found to be in critical need of improvement if the model is to be scaled.
Keywords: Aptus; OER; _genre:PR-primary_research; learing support; open schooling; secondary schooling; tracer study; ⛔ No DOI found

Doing Research In and On the Digital: Research Methods across Fields of Inquiry - Costa, Cristina; Condie, Jenna (2018)

Accredited Institutions - COTVET (2020)

Children’s data protection in an education setting - Guidelines - Council of Europe (Council of Europe Publishing, 2021)
Children's digital footprint: guidelines to support organisations and individuals in the educational context to respect, protect and fulfil children's rights in the digital environmentThe digital environment shapes children’s lives in many ways, creating opportunities and risks to their well-being and enjoyment of Human Rights.This applies in the everyday life but also increasingly in education settings where tools designed for teaching, supervision, assessment of children are deployed without the various actors always being aware of the challenges to children’s private life and personal data protection.The introduction of digital tools to the classroom in effect opens up the school gates to a wide range and high volume of stakeholders who interact with children’s everyday activities. The majority of the devices and applications, software and learning platforms, adopted in educational settings are developed by private, commercial actors.The Guidelines on Children’s Data Protection in an Educational Setting aim at supporting organisations and individuals in the context of education to respect, protect and fulfil the data protection rights of the child in the digital environment, within the scope of Article 3 of the modernised Convention 108 (more commonly referred to as “Convention 108+”), and in accordance with the CoE instruments including the Guidelines on Children in the Digital Environment Recommendation CM/Rec(2018)7.
Keywords: Final_citation; existing

Curriculum and training needs of mid-level health workers in Africa: A situational review from Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda - Couper, Ian; Couper, Ian; Ray, Sunanda; Ray, Sunanda; Blaauw, Duane; Ng'Wena, Gideon; Muchiri, Lucy; Oyungu, Eren; Omigbodun, Akinyinka; Omigbodun, Akinyinka; Morhason-Bello, Imran; Ibingira, Charles; et al. (BMC Health Services Research, 2018)
© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Africa's health systems rely on services provided by mid-level health workers (MLWs). Investment in their training is worthwhile since they are more likely to be retained in underserved areas, require shorter training courses and are less dependent on technology and investigations in their clinical practice than physicians. Their training programs and curricula need up-dating to be relevant to their practice and to reflect advances in health professional education. This study was conducted to review the training and curricula of MLWs in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda, to ascertain areas for improvement. Methods: Key informants from professional associations, regulatory bodies, training institutions, labour organisations and government ministries were interviewed in each country. Policy documents and training curricula were reviewed for relevant content. Feedback was provided through stakeholder and participant meetings and comments recorded. 421 District managers and 975 MLWs from urban and rural government district health facilities completed self-administered questionnaires regarding MLW training and performance. Results: Qualitative data indicated commonalities in scope of practice and in training programs across the four countries, with a focus on basic diagnosis and medical treatment. Older programs tended to be more didactic in their training approach and were often lacking in resources. Significant concerns regarding skills gaps and quality of training were raised. Nevertheless, quantitative data showed that most MLWs felt their basic training was adequate for the work they do. MLWs and district managers indicated that training methods needed updating with additional skills offered. MLWs wanted their training to include more problem-solving approaches and practical procedures that could be life-saving. Conclusions: MLWs are essential frontline workers in health services, not just a stop-gap. In Kenya, Nigeria and Uganda, their important role is appreciated by health service managers. At the same time, significant deficiencies in training program content and educational methodologies exist in these countries, whereas programs in South Africa appear to have benefited from their more recent origin. Improvements to training and curricula, based on international educational developments as well as the local burden of disease, will enable them to function with greater effectiveness and contribute to better quality care and outcomes.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; AA:Africa; C:Kenya; C:Nigeria; C:South Africa; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:Improvement; F:curriculum; F:ministry; F:outcomes; F:pedagogy; F:policy; P:health; P:media; P:services; P:technology; R:interview; R:qualitative; R:quantitative; R:questionnaire; T:TVET; T:Training; T:training needs; Z:Curricula; Z:Educational models; Z:Healthcare providers; Z:Healthcare workers; Z:Mid-level workers; Z:Primary healthcare; Z:Quality of healthcare; _C:Uganda UGA; publicImportV1

Student acceptance of tablet devices in secondary education: A three-wave longitudinal cross-lagged case study - Courtois, Cédric; Montrieux, Hannelore; De Grove, Frederik; Raes, Annelies; De Marez, Lieven; Schellens, Tammy (Computers in Human Behavior, 2014)

Working with children, young people, and families to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic - COVID Trauma Response Working Group (2020)

Short-run Effects of COVID-19 on U.S. Worker Transitions - Cowan, Benjamin W (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020)
I use Current Population Survey Data from February and April 2020 to examine how individual workers have transitioned between labor-market states and which workers have been hurt most by the COVID-19 pandemic. I find not only large effects on workers becoming unemployed but also a decline in labor-force participation, an increase in absence from one’s job, and a decrease in hours worked. Generally, more vulnerable populations—racial and ethnic minorities, those born outside the U.S., women with children, the least educated, and workers with a disability—have experienced the largest declines in the likelihood of (full-time) work and work hours.

Artificial Intelligence in Education as a Rawlsian Massively Multiplayer Game: A Thought Experiment on AI Ethics - Cowley, Benjamin Ultan; Charles, Darryl; Pfuhl, Gerit; Rusanen, Anna-Mari (AI in Learning: Designing the Future, 2023)
In this chapter, we reflect on the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) as a pedagogical and educational instrument and the challenges that arise to ensure transparency and fairness to staff and students . We describe a thought experiment: ‘simulation of AI in education as a massively multiplayer social online game’ (AIEd-MMOG). Here, all actors (humans, institutions, AI agents and algorithms) are required to conform to the definition of a player. Models of player behaviour that ‘understand’ the game space provide an application programming interface for typical algorithms, e.g. deep learning neural nets or reinforcement learning agents, to interact with humans and the game space. The definition of ‘player’ is a role designed to maximise protection and benefit for human players during interaction with AI. The concept of benefit maximisation is formally defined as a Rawlsian justice game, played within the AIEd-MMOG to facilitate transparency and trust of the algorithms involved, without requiring algorithm-specific technical solutions to, e.g. ‘peek inside the black box’. Our thought experiment for an AIEd-MMOG simulation suggests solutions for the well-known challenges of explainable AI and distributive justice.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Ethics; Learning analytics; Learning assistant; Massively multiplayer game; Rawlsian game; Thought experiment

The AI gambit: leveraging artificial intelligence to combat climate change—opportunities, challenges, and recommendations - Cowls, Josh; Tsamados, Andreas; Taddeo, Mariarosaria; Floridi, Luciano (AI & SOCIETY, 2023)
Abstract In this article, we analyse the role that artificial intelligence (AI) could play, and is playing, to combat global climate change. We identify two crucial opportunities that AI offers in this domain: it can help improve and expand current understanding of climate change, and it can contribute to combatting the climate crisis effectively. However, the development of AI also raises two sets of problems when considering climate change: the possible exacerbation of social and ethical challenges already associated with AI, and the contribution to climate change of the greenhouse gases emitted by training data and computation-intensive AI systems. We assess the carbon footprint of AI research, and the factors that influence AI’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in this domain. We find that the carbon footprint of AI research may be significant and highlight the need for more evidence concerning the trade-off between the GHG emissions generated by AI research and the energy and resource efficiency gains that AI can offer. In light of our analysis, we argue that leveraging the opportunities offered by AI for global climate change whilst limiting its risks is a gambit which requires responsive, evidence-based, and effective governance to become a winning strategy. We conclude by identifying the European Union as being especially well-placed to play a leading role in this policy response and provide 13 recommendations that are designed to identify and harness the opportunities of AI for combatting climate change, while reducing its impact on the environment.

Open Textbooks and Social Justice: Open Educational Practices to Address Economic, Cultural and Political Injustice at the University of Cape Town - Cox, Glenda; Masuku, Bianca; Willmers, Michelle (Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2020)
There is currently a clarion call to address social injustice in South African higher education (HE) in order to achieve greater equity in access. Within this context, current social injustices pertain to financial exclusion as well as epistemic marginalisation and are embodied in the predominance of expensive textbooks which are authored in the Global North, meaning that they are unaffordable for many students and do not represent local realities. This paper provides evidence from the Digital Open Textbooks for Development (DOT4D) project at the University of Cape Town (UCT), on the potential of open textbooks to address social injustice in South African HE and the practices utilised by UCT staff to address these challenges. The paper uses Nancy Fraser’s (2005) trivalent lens to examine inequality, specifically as relates to the following dimensions: economic (maldistribution of resources); cultural (misrecognition of culture and identities); and political (misrepresentation or exclusion of voice). This enables the authors to critically analyse the UCT context and the extent to which open textbook production as well as open education practices within the classroom promote social justice through “parity of participation”. The findings presented demonstrate that open textbooks have the potential to disrupt histories of exclusion in South African HE institutions by addressing issues of cost and marginalisation through the creation of affordable, contextually-relevant learning resources. In addition to this, they provide affordances which enable lecturers to change the way they teach, include student voices and create innovative pedagogical strategies.
Keywords: open textbooks; pedagogy; social justice

Factors shaping lecturers’ adoption of OER at three South African universities - Cox, Glenda; Trotter, Henry (2017)
The research presented here focuses on understanding the obstacles, opportunities and practices associated with Open Educational Resources (OER) adoption at three South African universities. It addresses the question: Why do South African lecturers adopt – or not adopt – OER? In trying to answer this, the authors also attempt to identify which factors shape lecturers’ OER adoption decisions, and how lecturers’ institutional cultures influence their OER use and creation choices. This study employed a qualitative research approach through in-depth personal interviews with 18 respondents at three different universities which together broadly represent the characteristics of South Africa’s university sector. Unique analytical tools – the OER adoption pyramid and OER adoption readiness tables – were developed to help with analysing and synthesising the data. Findings indicate that whether and how OER adoption takes place at an institution is shaped by a layered sequence of factors – infrastructural access, legal permission, conceptual awareness, technical capacity, material availability, and individual or institutional volition – which are further influenced by prevailing cultural and social variables. This study has value and application for researchers and institutions pursuing an OER agenda, policy-makers seeking tools to assess OER readiness in institutional contexts, and funding agencies aiming to boost institutional OER engagement. The dataset arising from this study can be accessed at: https://www.datafirst.uct.ac.za/dataportal/index.php/catalog/555
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Researching Information Technology in Education: Meeting the Challenges of an Ever-Changing Environment - Cox, Margaret J. (Second Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education, 2018)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ❓ Multiple DOI

Effective Classroom Adaptations for Students with Visual Impairments - Cox, Penny R.; Dykes, Mary K. (TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2001)

Developing and evaluating complex interventions: new guidance - Craig, Peter; Dieppe, Paul; Macintyre, Sally; Michie, Susan; Nazareth, Irwin; Petticrew, Mark (Medical Research Council, 2008)

(Re)considering the Concept of Literature Review Reproducibility - Cram, W. Alec; Templier, Mathieu; Pare, Guy (Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2020)

An investigation of purpose built netbooks for primary school education - Cramer, M.; Beauregard, R.; Sharma, M. (Proceedings of the 8th international conference on interaction design and children, 2009)

Mapping: A Critical Introduction to Cartography and GIS - Crampton, Jeremy W. (John Wiley & Sons, 2011)
Mapping: A Critical Introduction to Cartography and GIS is an introduction to the critical issues surrounding mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) across a wide range of disciplines for the non-specialist reader. Examines the key influences Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and cartography have on the study of geography and other related disciplines Represents the first in-depth summary of the “new cartography” that has appeared since the early 1990s Provides an explanation of what this new critical cartography is, why it is important, and how it is relevant to a broad, interdisciplinary set of readers Presents theoretical discussion supplemented with real-world case studies Brings together both a technical understanding of GIS and mapping as well as sensitivity to the importance of theory
Keywords: Science / Earth Sciences / Geography

Machine learning methods for crop yield prediction and climate change impact assessment in agriculture - Crane-Droesch, Andrew (Environmental Research Letters, 2018)

Compassionate transitions: Reconnecting school communities post-Covid-19 closures - Crawford, Alison; Currie, Laura-Ann; Hannah, Beth; Ward, Jacqui; Wooton, Imogen (2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Tech plus teachers: Did one-on-one phone tutorials help kids learn better during school closures in Sierra Leone? - Crawfurd, L; Evans, D; Guiterrez Bernal, M; Hares, S; Sam-Kpakra, R; Sandefur, J; Shojo, M (2021)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Why the COVID Crisis Is Not EdTech’s Moment in Africa - CrawFurd, Lee (Open Development & Education, 2020)
This blog was originally posted on the Center for Global Development blog on the 18th May 2020. Open Development & Education is part of The EdTech Hub and the data used here was from the EdTech Hub’s database of interventions. This database, which was initially limited to sub-Saharan Africa, now has […]

What has Worked at Scale? - Crawfurd, Lee; Hares, Susannah; Sandefur, Justin (Schooling for All Feasible Strategies to Achieve Universal Education, 2022)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

What has Worked at Scale? - Crawfurd, Lee; Hares, Susannah; Sandefur, Justin (Schooling for All - Feasible Strategies to Achieve Universal Education, 2022)

Teacher labor markets in developing countries - Crawfurd, Lee; Pugatch, Todd (2020)

Wider collateral damage to children in the UK because of the social distancing measures designed to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in adults - Crawley, Esther; Loades, Maria; Feder, Gene; Logan, Stuart; Redwood, Sabi; Macleod, John (BMJ Paediatrics Open, 2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

A Measure to Assess Student-Instructor Relationships - Creasey, Gary; Jarvis, Pat; Knapcik, Elyse (International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 2009)
There is a need for an instrument that assesses student-instructor relationships as many experts speculate that close, non-threatening relationships between students and instructors predict positive achievement orientations, academic progress and success. In this paper, we present reliability and additional validity data concerning the Student-Instructor Relationship Scale, a 36-item inventory we developed that taps studentinstructor relationship connectedness and anxiety. In the first study, college students completed this instrument twice over a 3-4 week time period and the instrument subscales possessed good test-retest reliability. In the second study, the subscales of the SIRS were associated with student perceptions of test anxiety in a randomly determined class. As predicted, student-instructor connectedness was negatively associated with test anxiety and student-instructor anxiety was positively associated with this construct. Study implications and suggestions for future research are offered.

Post‐abyssal ethics in education research in settings of conflict and crisis: Stories from the field - Cremin, Hilary; Aryoubi, Hogai; Hajir, Basma; Kurian, Nomisha; Salem, Hiba (British Educational Research Journal, 2021)

Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches - Creswell, John W. (Sage publications, 2013)
Keywords: CitedIn:BIBBTVET; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3-A; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3-A-PREVIOUS; CitedIn:PhD_Thesis; InterviewMethodology; TPD@Scale-cited; TPD@Scale_1

Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches - Creswell, John W.; Creswell, J. David (Sage publications, 2017)
Keywords: CitedIn:eCubed; Done:ReferenceFixed; TPD@Scale_1; eCubed

Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches - Creswell, John W.; Poth, Cheryl N. (SAGE Publications, 2016)
In the revised Fourth Edition of the best-selling text, John W. Creswell and new co-author Cheryl N. Poth explore the philosophical underpinnings, history, and key elements of five qualitative inquiry approaches: narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study. Preserving Creswell's signature writing style, the authors compare the approaches and relate research designs to each of the traditions of inquiry in a highly accessible manner. Featuring new content, articles, pedagogy, references, and expanded coverage of ethics throughout, the Fourth Edition is an ideal introduction to the theories, strategies, and practices of qualitative inquiry.
Keywords: Reference / Research; Social Science / Methodology

Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research - Creswell, John; Plano Clark, Vicki (SAGE, 2018)

It takes a village to raise a teacher: the Learning Assistant programme in Sierra Leone - Crisp, Martin; Safford, Kimberly; Wolfenden, Freda (The Open University and Plan International, 2017)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

It takes avillage to raise a teacher: The Learning assistant programme in Sierra Leone - Crisp, Martin; Safford, Kimberly; Wolfenden, Freda (2017)

Innovative delivery of education in Bangladesh using mobile technology - Cristol, Dean; Al-Sabbagh, Samah; Abdulbaki, Anwar; Majareh, Maryam; Tuhin, Salah Uddin; Gimbert, Belinda (2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The narrowing of curriculum and pedagogy in the age of accountability: Urban educators speak out - Crocco, M.S.; Costigan, A.T. (Urban Education, 2007)

Inclusive open education: presumptions, principles, and practices - Croft, Benjamin; Brown, Monica (Distance Education, 2020)
Open education has long been forwarded as a producer of equity. However, there currently exists a lack of critical engagement with issues of justice in open educational practices (OEP). Although the affordances of open education have potential for increasing equity, creating knowledge alongside learners is inherently rife with complexities for inclusion and diversity. As online faculty build relationships with and between students and engage in unconventional but authentic instruction, they must be cognizant of the ways in which historically underrepresented populations are systematically marginalized and might be excluded from full participation. This article seeks to investigate tensions at the nexus of OEP and social justice, identify underlying principles of inclusive OEP, and offer initial strategies on using OEP inclusively and in alignment with a social justice framework.
Keywords: marginalization; open education; open educational practices; open pedagogy; social identity; social justice

Support provided for K-12 teachers teaching remotely with technology during emergencies: A systematic review [JRTE] - Crompton, Helen; Burke, Diane; Jordan, Katy; Wilson, Samuel (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2021)
Emergencies can cause disruption to education. This study is unique in providing the first empirical systematic review on teacher support for Emergency Remote Education (ERE) from 2010 to 2020. A total of 57 studies emerged from the PRISMA search. This mixed-method study used deductive and inductive iterative methods to examine the data. The data reveal teacher support strategies from across 50 different high and low-income countries. Few studies focused on a teacher’s subject and the age range taught. In the examination of professional development provided to prepare K-12 teachers to conduct ERE, eight codes emerged from the grounded coding as; 1) prior preparation, 2) understanding ERE, 3) needs analysis, 4) digital pedagogical strategies, 5) technology tools, 6) frameworks, 7) digital equity, and 8) mental wellness.
Keywords: COVID-19; Teacher education; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:indexed; _cover:analysis:nopdf; _genre:LR-literature_review; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _yl:a; emergencies; emergency remote education; remote education

Learning with technology during emergencies: A systematic review of K-12 education [BJET] - Crompton, Helen; Burke, Diane; Jordan, Katy; Wilson, Samuel W. G. (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2021)
Emergency situations that cause damage to educational buildings or require the closure of schools due to unsafe health, environmental, or political conditions can be an unwelcomed interruption to education. Indeed, the recent COVID-19 pandemic created the largest disruption of education in history, affecting 94% of the world's student population. In emergencies, technology is often utilised as part of a crisis response protocol by continuing education using emergency remote education (ERE). The purpose of this study is to determine how technology has been used to continue K-12 learning remotely during an emergency. This systematic review included an aggregated and configurative synthesis to examine extant empirical work over eleven years, from January 2010 to December 2020. Following a rigorous, PRISMA selection process, 60 articles were included in the final analysis from 48 countries. Grounded coding of the strategies used for learning revealed the following categories: communication, delivery systems, student ERE readiness, partnerships, promoting student learning and engagement, and resources. Grounded coding of the technologies revealed that types of technologies used were divided into two major categories: Internet-based and non-Internet based, with the majority using Internet-based technologies. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic The COVID-19 pandemic has caused school closures across the globe and prevented in-person school teaching. The rapid shift to distance education in schools can be conceptualised as ‘emergency remote education’ (ERE). Prior ERE research focused on bounded geographic locations where localised emergencies occurred. What this paper adds This provides the scholarly community with a unique systematic review of existing academic research on K-12 ERE implementation in emergencies. This provides aggregated data and analysis on the past 11 years of the types of emergencies, participants, subject domain, technologies used, and location information. This provides findings of the types of remote teaching strategies involving technology used to continue K-12 learning in emergency situations. This provides a set of recommendations on ERE for teachers, school leaders, policy makers, and funders. This provides researchers with a review of the field with identification of gaps and future research opportunities. Implications for practice and/or policy Recommendations regarding ERE are provided in this paper that will be of benefit to K-12 teachers, school leaders policymakers, and funders in the continuing COVID-19 pandemic and future emergencies. The research gaps highlighted in this paper, such as the lack of studies conducted in low and low middle-income countries, are presented with suggestions for much needed future research. This can lead to changes in practice and policy.
Keywords: COVID-19; _EdTechHub_Output; _yl:b; disasters; emergencies; emergency remote education; pandemic

Evaluating the Impact of 1: 1 Laptops on High School Science Students and Teachers - Crook, Simon Joseph (2016)
Keywords: _C:Australia AUS; _C:Bangladesh BGD; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Cuba CUB; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Luxembourg LUX; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Switzerland CHE; _C:Thailand THA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

The Foundations of Social Research: Meaning and Perspective in the Research Process - Crotty, Michael J. (SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020)

Meeting the data challenge in education: a knowledge and innovation exchange - Crouch, Luis (Global Partnership for Education, 2019)
The purpose of this paper is to describe the current landscape in education data systems and spark discussion and debate around potential areas for KIX investment.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Systems Implications for Core Instructional Support Lessons from Sobral (Brazil), Puebla (Mexico), and Kenya - Crouch, Luis (Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020)

Doing Reform Differently: Combining Rigor and Practicality in Implementation and Evaluation of System Reforms - Crouch, Luis; DeStefano, Joseph (2017)
This paper brings together two promising intellectual trends in development: Doing Development Differently (DDD), and whole-system reform. In addition, it provides a framework for evaluating system reforms, as rigorously as possible. Doing Development Differently proposes an approach to development in which many different things are tried, in smallish ways, involving stakeholders; in one sense it is a reaction against “blueprint” development. These approaches have much to recommend them.
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Eliminating global learning poverty: The importance of equalities and equity - Crouch, Luis; Rolleston, Caine; Gustafsson, Martin (International Journal of Educational Development, 2021)
This paper explores the quantitative relationships between average levels of learning achievement across countries, changes in average levels of learning achievement, the inequality of distribution of achievement (akin to income or wealth inequality in general development analysis), and the proportion of students learning at or below an absolute minimum (akin to poverty in general development analysis). The paper uses a variety of data from cross-national and national assessments: aggregate data, micro (student-level) data, school-level data, and time-series data. The paper shows how various factors such as gender or wealth impact learning levels, but also shows that ‘systems-related’ inequality, not directly related to such factors, is typically much larger than inequality associated with any of those factors. The paper shows that countries progress from very low average levels of achievement to middle levels more by reducing the percentage of students with very low scores (that is, by paying attention to the ‘bulging’ left-hand tail of the distribution) than by increasing the percentage of high performing students. The availability of micro data from a particular case allows exploration of the relationship between inequality measures and measures of the percentage of students below a low level of achievement and shows that, at least in that case, the reduction in inequality that accompanies improvements in the average levels takes place mostly through a reduction in the percentage below a low level. Unlike in the case of income, where vast reductions in income poverty seem possible without reducing income inequality, the evidence presented here suggests that this typically does not happen with learning levels: inequality reduction, reductions in percentages below a low level, and improvements in the averages are all empirically connected. More work is needed to show whether that connection is also causal.
Keywords: Learning crisis; Learning equity; Learning inequality; Learning poverty; SDGs

Student-teacher relationships matter for school inclusion: school belonging, disability, and school transitions - Crouch, Ronald; Keys, Christopher B.; McMahon, Susan D. (Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 2014)
For students with disabilities, the process of school inclusion often begins with a move from segregated settings into general education classrooms. School transitions can be stressful as students adjust to a new environment. This study examines the adjustment of 133 students with and without disabilities who moved from a school that served primarily students with disabilities into 23 public schools in a large urban school district in the Midwest. These students and 111 of their teachers and other school staff rated the degree that students felt they belonged in their new schools and the quality of their social interactions. Results show that students who experienced more positive and fewer negative social interactions with school staff had higher school belonging. Teachers accurately noted whether students felt they belonged in their new settings, but were not consistently able to identify student perceptions of negative social interactions with staff. Implications for inclusion and improving our educational system are explored.
Keywords: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Data Collection; Disabled Children; Faculty; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Mainstreaming, Education; Male; Midwestern United States; Peer Group; Social Adjustment; Social Identification; Social Perception; Surveys and Questionnaires

Design-Based Research and Design-Based Implementation Research | InformalScience.org - Crowley, Kevin (2016)
Keywords: Final_citation; existing

Design-Based Research and Design-Based Implementation Research | InformalScience.org - Crowley, Kevin (2016)

Do Tests Applied to Teachers Predict Their Effectiveness? - Cruz-Aguayo, Yyannú; Ibarrarán, Pablo; Schady, Norbert (Economics Letters, 2017)

Digital Literacy and Skills Toolkit Implementation in Indonesia: Experience and Lessons Learned from a Small Survey - CSIS Indonesia (2022)

Creating the golden triangle of evidence-informed education technology with EDUCATE - Cukurova, Mutlu; Luckin, Rosemary; Clark-Wilson, Alison (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2019)
EDUCATE is a London-based programme that supports the development of research-informed educational technology (EdTech), allowing entrepreneurs and start-ups to create their products and services, and simultaneously grow their companies in a more evidence-informed manner. The programme partners businesses with researchers who mentor, guide and support this research journey, a key aspect of which is the evaluation of the company’s EdTech product or service. However, conducting impact evaluations of technology in education is challenging, particularly for early stage technologies, as rapid cycles of innovation and change are part of their essence. Here, we present the pragmatic approach to evidence-informed education technology design and impact evaluation, as developed and adopted by the EDUCATE programme. The research process is shaped by the core principles of evidence-informed decision making detailed in the paper. The contributions of the paper are threefold. First, it defines and details an academia-industry-education collaboration model centred on a research training programme. Second, it presents emerging impact results of the programme. Third, it provides clear reflections on the challenges encountered during the implementation of the model in the EdTech ecosystem of London, which should be addressed if we are to move towards evidence-informed EdTech globally.
Keywords: Stefanie

Reference Coverage Analysis of OpenAlex compared to Web of Science and Scopus - Culbert, Jack; Hobert, Anne; Jahn, Najko; Haupka, Nick; Schmidt, Marion; Donner, Paul; Mayr, Philipp (arXiv, 2024)
OpenAlex is a promising open source of scholarly metadata, and competitor to the established proprietary sources, the Web of Science and Scopus. As OpenAlex provides its data freely and openly, it permits researchers to perform bibliometric studies that can be reproduced in the community without licensing barriers. However, as OpenAlex is a rapidly evolving source and the data contained within is expanding and also quickly changing, the question naturally arises as to the trustworthiness of its data. In this empirical paper, we will study the reference and metadata coverage within each database and compare them with each other to help address this open question in bibliometrics. In our large-scale study, we demonstrate that, when restricted to a cleaned dataset of 16,788,282 recent publications shared by all three databases, OpenAlex has average reference numbers comparable to both Web of Science and Scopus. We also demonstrate that the comparison of other core metadata covered by OpenAlex shows mixed results, with OpenAlex capturing more ORCID identifiers, fewer abstracts and a similar number of Open Access information per article when compared to both Web of Science and Scopus.
Keywords: Computer Science - Digital Libraries

Tweens with the iPad classroom—Cool but not really helpful? - Culén, A., & Gasparini, A. (2012)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The disconnected: COVID-19 and disparities in access to quality broadband for higher education students - Cullinan, John; Flannery, Darragh; Harold, Jason; Lyons, Seán; Palcic, Dónal (International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2021)
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic forced many higher education institutions (HEIs) across the world to cancel face-to-face teaching, close campus facilities, and displace staff and students to work and learn from home. Given the persistent nature of the pandemic, many HEIs have continued to deliver courses online and/or use a blended learning approach. However, there are concerns around differences in student access to digital learning resources while at home, including high quality broadband connectivity. This is important, since variation in connectivity may impact the type of online/blended model that faculty can deliver or constrain student engagement with online content. In this context, this paper combines national data on the domiciles of students enrolled in Irish HEIs with detailed spatial data on broadband coverage to estimate the number of higher education students ‘at risk’ of poor access to high quality internet connectivity. Overall it finds that one-in-six students come from areas with poor broadband coverage, with large disparities by geography and by HEI. It also finds that students from the poorest broadband coverage areas are more likely to be socioeconomically disadvantaged. As a result, this paper recommends that HEIs use their detailed registration data to help identify and support at-risk students. In particular, the results suggest that some HEIs may need to prioritise access to campus facilities and services to less well-off students living in poor broadband coverage areas.
Keywords: Final_citation

COVID-19 and Social Mobility Impact Brief #1: School Shutdown - Cullinane, Carl; Montacute, Rebecca (2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

iPads as instructional tools to enhance learning opportunities for students with developmental disabilities: An action research project - Cumming, Therese M; Strnadová, Iva; Singh, Sylvia (Action Research, 2014)

Collective action and the deployment of teachers in Niger: a political economy analysis - Cummings, Clare (2016)
This briefing paper explores causes of inequitable teacher deployment in Niger and asks whether collective action might be the solution.
Keywords: C:Niger

Calculating the Educational Impact of COVID-19 (Part II): Using Data from Successive Grades to Estimate Learning Loss | SharEd - Cummiskey, Chris (2020)
Keywords: _COVID_DEAA-List

Developing an emergency nursing short course in Tanzania - Cunningham, C.; Brysiewicz, P.; Sepeku, A.; White, L.; Murray, B.; Lobue, N.; Sawe, H. (African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017)
Abstract Nurses are the largest group of healthcare workers in Africa. By adequately equipping nurses to identify, intervene and care for emergency conditions, emergency healthcare systems can be strengthened. To address this need, a nursing working group was formed within the African Federation for Emergency Medicine (AFEM). The aim of this international emergency nursing group was to develop a guiding document to help improve emergency nursing skills within Africa. Using this guiding document, a group of Tanzanian clinical nurse trainers was selected to develop a context specific short course. They used this guiding document as a foundation to improve skill development. The pilot course was well received and has since expanded to training in five regions within the United Republic of Tanzania. The clinical nurse trainers leading the course, are supported by a mentorship programme with competent educators within a global emergency nursing infrastructure. This course, a combination of local knowledge, formal mentorship programs, and international nursing support, demonstrates that investing in the improvement of emergency nursing skills can have high impact results with low-cost. This will ultimately improve emergency care on the continent.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; C:Tanzania; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:Improvement; P:health; P:media; P:nurse; R:impact; T:Training; T:trainee; publicImportV1

Implementation science made too simple: a teaching tool - Curran, Geoffrey M. (Implementation Science Communications, 2020)

Unbundling and Rebundling Higher Education in an Age of Inequality - Czerniewicz, Laura (2018)
Unbundling and rebundling are happening in different parts of college and university education, through new forms of teaching and learning provision a
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Week 2 - Laura Czerniewicz - Equity and Care in Moving Online (2020)
Laura Czerniewicz shares experiences this past year in South Africa and offers insight and guidance for educators now confronting a forced move online #PivotOnline Course - https://www.edx.org/course/pivoting-t... - https://linkresearchlab.org/pivot/

Developing world MOOCs: A curriculum view of the MOOC landscape - Czerniewicz, Laura; Deacon, Andrew; Small, Janet; Walji, Sukaina (Journal of Global Literacies, Technologies, and Emerging Pedagogies, 2014)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Are scripted lessons in for-profit schools ‘‘an audacious answer” for poor kids in Africa and Asia? [Web log post] - , D (Learning and teaching materials: Policy and practice for provision, 2015)

Simulations for STEM Learning: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - D’Angelo, Cynthia; Rutstein, Daisy; Harris, Christopher; Haertel, Geneva; Bernard, Robert; Borokhovski, Evgueni (SRI Education, 2014)

Supporting Teaching to Improve Teaching and Learning: A GPE KIX Scoping Study Working Paper - D'Angelo, Sophia; Cameron, L; Assane Igodoe, A; Sheria Nfundiko, J (Global Partnership for Education Knowledge and Innovation Exchange, 2023)

Additional Materials - D’Angelo, Sophia; Haßler, Björn (Save the Children, Open Development & Education, 2019)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _publish; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; _yl:v

Module 4: Code of Conduct (For Master Trainers and Trainers) - D’Angelo, Sophia; Haßler, Björn (Save the Children, Open Development & Education, 2019)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _publish; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; _yl:s

Module 5: Girls’ Education (For Master Trainers and Trainers) - D’Angelo, Sophia; Haßler, Björn (Save the Children, Open Development & Education, 2019)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _publish; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; _yl:t

Module 6: Conflict Sensitive Education (For Master Trainers and Trainers) - D’Angelo, Sophia; Haßler, Björn (Save the Children, Open Development & Education, 2019)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; _publish; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; _yl:u

Technology Use for Teacher Professional Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Recommendations for policy from a systematic review - D'Angelo, Sophia; Hennessy, Sara; Kreimeia, Adam; Koomar, Saalim; Cao, Lydia; McIntyre, Nora; Brugha, Meaghan; Zubairi, Asma (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

LAC Reads Capacity Program: Curriculum coding schemes - D’Angelo, Sophia; Regis, Callista; Megha-Bongnkar, Ghislaine; McBurnie, Chris; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2021)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd

Hybrid online/offline mobile solutions for accessing open educational resources in areas with poor internet connectivity - D.L. Pugoy, Reinald Adrian; D.L. Habito, Consuelo; B. Figueroa, Roberto (Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 2016)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

UNESCO’s Contributions to the Development of Education in Latin American Countries: Brazil and Bolivia - da Costa Santos, Johnatan; Quiroga, Maria Luisa Claure (Atlantis Press, 2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Support for teachers in challenging situations as a factor of change: reflections from a continuing professional development programme in Guinea-Bissau - da Silva, Rui; Oliveira, Joana (2020)
Keywords: _C:Angola AGO; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Cape Verde CPV; _C:Guinea-Bissau GNB; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:South Sudan SSD; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Reflecting on Five Decades of Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania: The Missing Dimensions - Dachi, Hillary (Papers in Education and Development, 2016)
The importance of teacher development need not be over stated. This is adducible by the fact that transformations, innovations and diffusions in education make it imperative that teachers have to continually change and adopt. This paper takes stock of the trajectory of teacher professional development in Tanzania by locating related initiatives in the macro-policies and education transformations spanning a period of nearly five decades. It identifies the missing dimensions for robust in-service continuous professional development programmes (CPD) for primary and secondary school teachers. The paper proposes the need to support a cost effective in-service CPD model, which is school based designed around a reflective practitioner approach, for which teaching is an interactive problem solving professional undertaking requiring continuous updating of key competences that teachers require for classroom practices. Key words:      teachers’ professionalism; teachers’ continuous professional development; macro-policies; education transformations
Keywords: _C:Canada CAN; _C:Finland FIN; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Korea, Republic KOR; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Uganda UGA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Structured information extraction from scientific text with large language models - Dagdelen, John; Dunn, Alexander; Lee, Sanghoon; Walker, Nicholas; Rosen, Andrew S.; Ceder, Gerbrand; Persson, Kristin A.; Jain, Anubhav (Nature Communications, 2024)
Abstract Extracting structured knowledge from scientific text remains a challenging task for machine learning models. Here, we present a simple approach to joint named entity recognition and relation extraction and demonstrate how pretrained large language models (GPT-3, Llama-2) can be fine-tuned to extract useful records of complex scientific knowledge. We test three representative tasks in materials chemistry: linking dopants and host materials, cataloging metal-organic frameworks, and general composition/phase/morphology/application information extraction. Records are extracted from single sentences or entire paragraphs, and the output can be returned as simple English sentences or a more structured format such as a list of JSON objects. This approach represents a simple, accessible, and highly flexible route to obtaining large databases of structured specialized scientific knowledge extracted from research papers.

Remote Sensing Techniques in Mapping Spatial Variability of Salinity in Kano River Irrigation Project (KRIP - Dahiru, M.; Maina, M.M.; Audu, I.; Tudunwada, I.Y.; Nasiru, N.K. (Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH, 2021)

Response Surface Regression Model for Predicting Clay Composition and it Relationship with selected Soil Properties at Kano River Irrigation Project, Nigeria - Dahiru, M.; Maina, M.M.; Audu, I.; Tudunwada, I.Y.; Nasiru, N.K.; Umar, S.E. (Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (DUJOPAS, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Education in Conflict and Crisis: How Can Technology Make a Difference? A Landscape Review. - Dahya, N. (GIZ, 2016)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Education in Conflict and Crisis: How Can Technology Make a Difference? A Landscape Review - Dahya, Negin (GIZ, 2016)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Landscape Review: Education in Conflict and Crisis - How Can Technology Make a Difference? | INEE - Dahya, Negin (2016)
Conflict and crisis are among the biggest obstacles to ensuring inclusive and quality education for all (Sustainable Development Goal 4). The use of information and communication technology (ICT) has the potential to support, enhance, and enable education for the most marginalized, affected by war, natural disasters, and the rapid spread of disease. Across these different contexts, tools like radio, mobile phones, mobile projectors, e-readers and tablets, laptops and computers can facilitate teaching and learning in a range of different ways. The term “mobility” with regard to learning is highly relevant in this landscape: it recognizes that learning should not stop as people move, and that people on the move are focused on continuing their education. This landscape aims to identify major trends, patterns, and lessons learned about the use of mobile technologies in crisis and conflict settings, and also to define gaps in our existing knowledge base.

Social support networks, instant messaging, and gender equity in refugee education - Dahya, Negin; Dryden-Peterson, Sarah; Douhaibi, Dacia; Arvisais, Olivier (Information, Communication & Society, 2019)

Collaborative construction of artificial intelligence curriculum in primary schools - Dai, Yun; Liu, Ang; Qin, Jianjun; Guo, Yanmei; Jong, Morris Siu‐Yung; Chai, Ching‐Sing; Lin, Ziyan (Journal of Engineering Education, 2023)
Abstract Background The recent discussion of introducing artificial intelligence (AI) knowledge to K–12 students, like many engineering and technology education topics, has attracted a wide range of stakeholders and resources for school curriculum development. While teachers often have to directly interact with external stakeholders out of the public schooling system, few studies have scrutinized their negotiation process, especially teachers' responses to external influences, in such complex environments. Purpose Guided by an integrated theoretical framework of social constructionism, this research examined the process of how a teacher‐initiated AI curriculum was constructed with external influences. The research focused on teachers' perspectives and responses in mediating external influences into local schools and classrooms. Methods A 3‐year ethnographic study was conducted in relation to an AI curriculum project among 23 Computer Science (CS) teachers from primary schools. Data collected from ethnographic observation, teacher interviews, and artifacts, were analyzed using open coding and triangulation rooted in the ethnographic, interpretivist approach. Results Three sets of external influences were found salient for teachers' curriculum decisions, including the orientation of state‐level educational policies, AI faculty at a partner university, and students' media and technology environments. The teachers' situational logics and strategic actions were reconstructed with thick descriptions to uncover how they navigated and negotiated the external influences to fulfill local challenges and expectations in classrooms and schools. Conclusions The ethnographic study uncovered the dynamic and multifaceted negotiation involved in the collaborative curriculum development, and offers insights to inform policymaking, teacher education, and student support in engineering education.

Distribution of Soil Chemical Properties of Smallholder Farms on Derelict Mined-Sites of Jos South LGA, Jos Plateau, Nigeria - Dakagan, J.B.; Tudunwada, I.Y.; Ajiji, S.A.; Aliyu, J.A. (Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2024)

Using digital technology to enhance formative assessment in mathematics classrooms - Dalby, Diane; Swan, Malcolm (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2018)
Keywords: _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Sharing open deep learning models - Dalgali, A; Crowston, K (2019)

Corruption in the Administration of Local Government” - Dalhatu, S.; Aisha Abdu-Ismail (Rural and Community Strategy: The Local Government Perspective, 2009)

Do animations in enhanced ebooks for children favour the reading comprehension process?: a pilot study - Dalla Longa, Nicol; Mich, Ornella (ACM, 2013)

Silenced by an Unknown Language? Exploring Language Matching during Transitions from Complementary Education to Government Schools in Ghana - Daly, Kieran; Carter, Emma; Sabates, Ricardo (Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2021)
Mother tongue-based education has been central to the promotion of early literacy skills in many multilingual contexts of the Global South. However, learners in such environments may face significant linguistic challenges when changing language of instruction during schooling. In particular, the linguistic distance between mother tongue and official language may be a significant barrier to learners. This paper provides an empirical approach to this issue by employing language matching based on linguistic distance between languages to explore changes in literacy scores for learners who change language of instruction. Findings show that the greater the linguistic distance between two languages, the larger the loss in foundational literacy. We conclude that language matching could be introduced as a tool to identify at-risk learners during transitions and, if possible, as a tool for linguistic allocation of students who have the possibility of selecting between schools with different languages for instruction.
Keywords: Ghana; Mother tongue education; language matching; literacy; multilingualism

Accelerated Learning and EdTech: A Rapid Evidence Review - Damani, Kalifa (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Keywords: L:Gender and education; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _P:Evidence review VCMFM9ZD; _cover:v2; _zenodoETH; ⛔ No DOI found

Accelerated Learning and EdTech: A Rapid Evidence Review - Damani, Kalifa (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Rapid Evidence Review: Accelerated Learning and EdTech - Damani, Kalifa (The EdTech Hub, 2020)

Radio: A Rapid Evidence Review - Damani, Kalifa; Mitchell, Joel (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Radio: Rapid Evidence Review - Damani, Kalifa; Mitchell, Joel (2020)
This Rapid Evidence Review (RER) provides an overview of the existing literature on the use of radio in education in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The present RER has been produced in response to the novel 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19), and the resulting widespread shutdown of schools. It, therefore, highlights transferable insights that may be applicable to educational responses resulting from the limitations caused by COVID-19. Established approaches to delivering distance education have renewed salience during this period because many students cannot access schooling in a school building due to social distancing requirements. As one of the longest-serving and most accessible types of educational technology (EdTech), and one that has had some success in education delivery in an LMIC context that was affected by an epidemic, it is particularly useful to focus on radio (Barnett et al., 2018; Hallgarten, 2020). Notably, the RER aims neither to advocate nor discourage the use of radio in education in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Instead, it provides an accessible summary of existing evidence on the topic so that educators, policy makers and donors might make informed decisions about the potential of radio in education delivery.

Rapid Evidence Review: Radio - Damani, Kalifa; Mitchell, Joel (2020)

Challenges in the Informal Construction Artisan Training System in the Ghanaian Construction Industry - Damasah, SK (College of Art and Built Environment, 2016)
This research sought to find out the challenges confronting the informal artisan training system in the Ghanaian construction industry and provide available opportunities to help improve the system. The study was limited to two regions namely Greater Accra and Volta regions of Ghana. In all, two hundred and thirty-three (233) artisans comprising of one hundred and thirteen (113) apprentices and one hundred and twenty (120) master artisans were used for the study. Questionnaires were the main research instrument but personal observation was also used by the researcher. The sample of three hundred (300) was used in the data analysis. Qualitative research approach was used, employing the descriptive approach. Data from the field was analysed using percentages. From the findings, it was realized that two main modes of skill acquisition were in play pertaining to the informal sector, these are the traditional method (75%) and the attachment method (25%). Another finding was that, one shortcoming of the informal system appears to be a lack of consistency and adequate content in the training that apprentice receive. The study concludes that there is little external motivation or capability for the system’s trainees to progress in performance or in improving their methods. More than 55% of the master artisans apply experimentation or trial and error in their work. It is recommended that, it will be essential to involve the master artisans in a reform process including efforts to provide them with opportunities to upgrade their own knowledge of construction skills.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; A:West Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:P; CT:T; P:artist; P:construction; T:Formal apprenticeship; T:Training; _C:Ghana GHA; publicImportV1

A Model for Wholesale and Retail Assessment Centres in Regulated Occupational Learning in South Africa - Damons, Deonita; Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa; le Grange, Jason J; Mason, Roger B; Louw, Steven W (2019)
South Africa's new occupational and vocational qualifications require assessment centres with a national footprint to conduct national summative assessments which are convenient and cost effective for learners. This new assessment process requires specialised facilities, but few current facilities can provide these. The research project proposed a model which is able to serve the needs of the quality assurance body and industry and be appropriate to the retail sector occupational qualifications. A qualitative method was used, involving a literature review and secondary data analysis; small focus groups; semi-structured interviews; and follow-up workshops to peer review the findings. The participants included industry experts, education providers and quality assurance experts. Two models were identified and considered, namely: Model A, which involves private businesses that can be accredited to become assessment centres; and Model B, which uses Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges for all national assessments. The overall finding was that Model B is more suitable.

Arizona literature mapper: an integrated approach to monitor and analyze global bioterrorism research literature - Dang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, H. (Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2009)

Challenging Systematic Prejudices - An Investigation into Bias Against Women and Girls in Large Language Models - Daniel van Niekerk; María Pérez-Ortiz; John Shawe-Taylor; Davor Orlič; Ivana Drobnjak; Jackie Kay; Noah Siegel; Katherine Evans; Nyalleng Moorosi; Tina Eliassi-Rad; Leonie Maria Tanczer; Wayne Holmes; et al. (UNESCO / IRCAI, 2024)

The Framework for Teaching: Evaluation Instrument - Danielson, C. (The Danielson Group., 2013)

Why is India obsessed with English-medium education – when it goes against scientific consensus? - Daniyal, Shoaib (Scroll.in)
Several empirical studies support what the New Education Policy is proposing about education in the mother tongue early on, adding English later.

Heat impact on schoolchildren in Cameroon, Africa: potential health threat from climate change - Dapi, Léonie N.; Rocklöv, Joacim; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges; Tetanye, Ekoe; Kjellstrom, Tord (Global Health Action, 2010)
Background: Health impacts related to climate change are potentially an increasing problem in Cameroon, especially during hot seasons when there are no means for protective and adaptive actions. Objective: To describe environmental conditions in schools and to evaluate the impact of heat on schoolchildren’s health during school days in the Cameroon cities of Yaounde´ and Douala. Methods: Schoolchildren (N0285) aged 12Á16 years from public secondary schools completed a questionnaire about their background, general symptoms, and hot feelings in a cross-sectional study. In Yaounde´, 50 schoolchildren were individually interviewed during school days about hourly symptoms (fatigue, headache, and feeling very hot) and performance. Lascar dataloggers were used to measure indoor classroom temperatures and humidity. Results: There was a significant correlation between daily indoor temperature and the percentages of schoolchildren who felt very hot, had fatigue, and headaches in Yaounde´. A high proportion of schoolchildren felt very hot (48%), had fatigue (76%), and headaches (38%) in Yaounde´. Prevalences (%) were higher among girls than boys for headaches (58 vs 39), feeling ‘very hot overall’ (37 vs 21), and ‘very hot in head’ (21 vs 18). Up to 62% were absentminded and 45% had slow writing speed. High indoor temperatures of 32.58C in Yaounde´ and 36.68C in Douala were observed in school. Conclusions: Headache, fatigue, and feeling very hot associated with high indoor air temperature were observed among schoolchildren in the present study. Longitudinal data in schools are needed to confirm these results. School environmental conditions should be improved in order to enhance learning.
Keywords: BE:LMIC; BE:RELEVANT

Teaching as a profession: Lessons in teacher preparation and professional development - Darling-Hammond, L. (Phi delta kappan, 2005)

Professional learning in the learning profession - Darling-Hammond, L.; Wei, R.C.; Andree, A.; Richardson, N.; Orphanos, S. (National Staff Development Council, 2009)

Constructing 21st-Century Teacher Education - Darling-Hammond, Linda (Journal of Teacher Education, 2006)
Much of what teachers need to know to be successful is invisible to lay observers, leading to the view that teaching requires little formal study and to frequent disdain for teacher education programs. The weakness of traditional program models that are collections of largely unrelated courses reinforce this low regard. This article argues that we have learned a great deal about how to create stronger, more effective teacher education programs. Three critical components of such programs include tight coherence and integration among courses and between course work and clinical work in schools, extensive and intensely supervised clinical work integrated with course work using pedagogies that link theory and practice, and closer, proactive relationships with schools that serve diverse learners effectively and develop and model good teaching. The article also urges that schools of education should resist pressures to water down preparation, which ultimately undermine the preparation of entering teachers, the reputation of schools of education, and the strength of the profession.

Effective teacher professional development - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Hyler, Maria E.; Gardner, Madelyn (Learning Policy Institute, 2017)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Effective Teacher Professional Development - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Hyler, Maria E; Gardner, Madelyn; Gardner, Madelyn (Learning Policy Institute, 2016)
Keywords: C:United States / International; __C:filed:1; important; ⛔ No DOI found

Research review/teacher learning: What matters - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Richardson, Nikole (Educational leadership, 2009)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Wanted, A National Teacher Supply Policy for Education:The Right Way to Meet The "Highly Qualified Teacher" Challenge - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Sykes, Gary (education policy analysis archives, 2003)
Teacher quality is now the focus of unprecedented policy analysis. To achieve its goals, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) requires a “highly qualified teacher” in all classrooms. The concern with teacher quality has been driven by a growing recognition, fueled by accumulating research evidence, of how critical teachers are to student learning. To acquire and retain high-quality teachers in our Nation’s classrooms will require substantial policy change at many levels. There exists longstanding precedent and strong justification for Washington to create a major education manpower program. Qualified teachers are a critical national resource that requires federal investment and cross-state coordination as well as other state and local action. NCLB provides a standard for equitable access to teacher quality that is both reasonable and feasible. Achieving this goal will require a new vision of the teacher labor market and the framing of a national teacher supply policy. States and local districts have vital roles to play in ensuring a supply of highly qualified teachers; however, they must be supported by appropriate national programs. These programs should be modeled on U.S. medical manpower efforts, which have long supplied doctors to high- need communities and eased shortages in specific health fields. We argue that teacher supply policy should attract well-prepared teachers to districts that sorely need them while relieving shortages in fields like special education, math and the physical sciences. We study the mal-distribution of teachers and examine its causes. We describe examples of both states and local school districts that have fashioned successful strategies for strengthening their teaching forces. Unfortunately, highly successful state and local program to meet the demand for qualified teachers are the exception rather than the rule. They stand out amid widespread use of under-prepared teachers and untrained aides, mainly for disadvantaged children in schools that suffer from poor working conditions, inadequate pay and high teacher turnover. The federal government has a critical role to play in enhancing the supply of qualified teachers targeted to high-need fields and locations, improving retention of qualified teachers, especially in hard-to-staff schools, and in creating a national labor market by removing interstate barriers to mobility.
Keywords: Program Development; Teacher Qualifications; Teacher Supply and Demand; _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Spain ESP; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

How high-achieving countries develop great teachers - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Wei, Ruth Chung; Andree, Alethea (Stanford Center for Opportunity Pollcy in Education, 2010)

Using Technology to Support At-Risk Students’ Learning - Darling-Hammond, Linda; Zielezinski, Molly; goldman, shelley (Alliance for Excellent Education, 2014)
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for policy in relation to children and young people - DARMODY, MERIKE; SMYTH, EMER; RUSSELL, HELEN (ESRI Survey and Statistical Report Series, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

What Does the Evidence Tell Us about ‘Thinking and Working Politically’ in Development Assistance? - Dasandi, Niheer; Laws, Ed; Marquette, Heather; Robinson, Mark (Politics and Governance, 2019)
Keywords: aid effectiveness; development assistance; donors; evidence; governance; politics; thinking and working politically

Teachers' Responses to Success for All: How Beliefs, Experiences, and Adaptations Shape Implementation - Datnow, Amanda; Castellano, Marisa (American Educational Research Journal, 2000)
Success for All (SFA) is a whole-school reform model that organizes resources to focus on prevention and early intervention to ensure that students succeed in reading throughout the elementary grades. In this article we use qualitative data gathered in extensive interviews and observations in two SFA schools to examine how teachers respond to SFA and how their beliefs, experiences, and programmatic adaptations influence implementation. We found that teachers fell into four distinct categories ranging from strong support for SFA to resistance. Support for the reform did not directly correlate with teachers' personal characteristics such as experience level, gender, or ethnic background. Moreover, teachers' levels of support for SFA did not necessarily predict the degree of fidelity with which they implemented it. Almost all teachers made adaptations to the program, in spite of the developers' demands to closely follow the model. Teachers supported the continued implementation of SFA because they believed it was beneficial for students. At the same time many teachers felt that the program constrained their autonomy and creativity. Implications of this study for the future successful implementation of SFA and other externally developed reform models are discussed.

Pupil Learning with Digital Tablet in Classroom - Dauphin, Anyck (Journal of Economics and Economic Education Research, 2019)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Etude de cas sur l'intégration des tablettes et du tableau blanc interactif dans un établissement primaire genevois: facteurs d'appropriation chez les enseignants - Dauve-Raeis, Véronique Evelyne Célia (University of Geneva, 2018)
Keywords: _C:Canada CAN; _C:France FRA; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Saudi Arabia SAU; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Using Machine Learning to Analyze Physical Causes of Climate Change: A Case Study of U.S. Midwest Extreme Precipitation - Davenport, Frances V.; Diffenbaugh, Noah S. (Geophysical Research Letters, 2021)
Abstract While global warming has generally increased the occurrence of extreme precipitation, the physical mechanisms by which climate change alters regional and local precipitation extremes remain uncertain, with debate about the role of changes in the atmospheric circulation. We use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze large‐scale circulation patterns associated with U.S. Midwest extreme precipitation. The CNN correctly identifies 91% of observed precipitation extremes based on daily sea level pressure and 500‐hPa geopotential height anomalies. There is evidence of increasing frequency of extreme precipitation circulation patterns (EPCPs) over the past two decades, although frequency changes are insignificant over the past four decades. Additionally, we find that moisture transport and precipitation intensity during EPCPs have increased. Our approach, which uses deep learning visualization to understand how the CNN predicts EPCPs, advances machine learning as a tool for providing insight into physical causes of changing extremes, potentially reducing uncertainty in future projections. , Plain Language Summary Extreme precipitation and flooding cause widespread impacts on human society. While global warming has increased the occurrence of these damaging events, there is still uncertainty about how climate change will affect precipitation and flooding, making it difficult to adequately prepare for future hazards. We use machine learning to understand why extreme precipitation is becoming more common in the U.S. Midwest by analyzing the atmospheric circulation patterns during extreme precipitation events. Our results show that there is heavier precipitation when extreme precipitation patterns occur, but the patterns themselves have not changed significantly in frequency over the past four decades. Our method could be used to better understand changes in extreme events in the Midwest and in other regions of the world. , Key Points We use a neural network to predict extreme precipitation from daily sea level pressure and 500‐hPa geopotential height fields Increasing Midwest extreme precipitation is linked to increasing moisture transport and precipitation during specific circulation patterns Our method is generalizable to studying how climate change affects the physical causes of various types of extreme events in other regions
Keywords: _z:no_pdf

Video as a tool for agricultural extension in Africa: a case study from Ghana - David, Soniia; Asamoah, Christopher (International Journal of Education and Development using ICT, 2011)
The paper explores the effectiveness of video viewing clubs (VVCs) as a training method based on a formal survey of 32 Ghanaian women farmers who were trained on cocoa integrated crop and pest management (ICPM) using this method. Results suggests that the video viewing club is effective as a relatively low cost, interactive training method for providing low literacy populations with skills, information and knowledge on complex technical topics. While there was no significant difference between VVC participants and a control group in cocoa yields and implementation of selected ICPM practices, the study demonstrated that VVC training significantly improved farmers' knowledge of most topics covered. Farmers' perception of changes in their practices provided further evidence of the positive impact of the training, as did their high rate of knowledge diffusion. The use of local facilitators in the VVCs, which created a sense of ownership and added to the credibility of the technical messages, contributed to farmers' appreciation of the method. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges of scaling up VVCs and identifying issues for further research. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:women; HDR25; P:agricultural; Q:distance learning; Q:educational technology; Q:interactive; R:case study; R:impact; R:survey; T:Training; T:trainee; Z:Agricultural education; Z:Cocoa; Z:Distance learning; Z:Educational technology; Z:Farmers; Z:Video; _C:Ghana GHA; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

An analysis of the impact of the Accelerated Learning Project with year 11 students in Bristol schools, Bristol City Council - Davies, John Dwyfor; Last, Kathryn; Smart, Dean (2020)
1.1 Context In the summer of 2005, thirty-six per cent of Year 11 pupils in the City of Bristol Local Authority (LA) schools achieved 5 or more GCSE A*-C grades compared to the national average of 57%, with other further indicators of under performance. This resulted in considerable disquiet locally and much negative media interest. Bristol is England‟s eighth largest city and is the biggest population centre in the South West government region. Areas of the City are very multicultural, with about 10% of young Bristolians having English as an additional language. The regional importance, and service industry/financial base, of the city attracts a higher than average number of graduates to employment in greater Bristol, but conversely 28% of adults locally have limited or no qualifications. Some districts enjoy considerable wealth and 24% of the regions employment is centred here, with the local unemployment figure below the national average at 3.1% of the working age population. There are also pockets of extreme socio-economic deprivation, with some wards within the bottom percentage point of the most socio-economically deprived districts in England. 75% of Bristol 11-16 year olds are educated in the LA secondary schools, with the remainder educated in the schools of neighbouring LAs or in the large local independent sector.
Keywords: Marginalised; _AcademicRecoveryOECS; ⛔ No DOI found

Starting from scratch: Critical reflections on an educational reform programme in St Vincent and the Grenadines - Davies, John Dwyfor; Lee, John (2010)
Keywords: _Added to LR; _G:reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Special Education in Mainstream Schools: Guidance Report - Davies, Kath; Henderson, Peter (Education Endowment Foundation, 2020)

The Learnership Model of Workplace Training and Its Effective Management: Lessons Learnt from a Southern African Case Study - Davies, Theresa-Anne; Farquharson, Fiona (Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 2004)
Since 1998, the "Learnership" model of workplace training has been promoted in South Africa as a creative vehicle for addressing high unemployment rates and a serious skills shortage. This is achieved through fast-tracking the acquisition of skills and increasing a learner's chances of employment. However, because learnerships are a recent innovation, the body of applied knowledge is small. This article aims to contribute to what is known through examining a series of pilot projects, implemented between 1997 and 2001 in KwaZulu-Natal. A key finding concerns how learnerships are managed: the effective delivery of a learnership programme and of its outcomes requires the involvement of key stakeholders from the outset, role clarity and a carefully structured and monitored process of implementation. Using a case study approach, this article situates learnerships within the context of workplace training; explores four key lessons learnt and presents a proposed model of effective learnership management. (Contains 2 tables, 2 figures and 4 notes.)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:South Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:outcomes; P:measurement; R:case study; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:TVET; T:Training; Z:Apprenticeships; Z:Case Studies; Z:Education Work Relationship; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Job Skills; Z:Job Training; Z:Labor Market; Z:Models; Z:Pilot Projects; Z:Skill Development; Z:Vocational Education; Z:Work Experience; publicImportV1

Methodology for Program Design - Davis, Chris (Pacific Crest)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Mitigating COVID-19 impacts and getting education systems up and running again: Lessons from Sierra Leone - Davis, Edward; Berry, Chris (Global Partnership for Education, 2020)
Reflexions on some of the lessons from the Sierra Leone Ebola education response that could be relevant for countries facing shutdowns of their education systems due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

The interrelation between cognitive and motor development in typically developing children aged 4–11 years is underpinned by visual processing and fine manual control - Davis, Emma E.; Pitchford, Nicola J.; Limback, Ellie (British Journal of Psychology, 2011)

Strengthening Agricultural Education and Training in sub-Saharan Africa from an Innovation Systems Perspective: A Case Study of Mozambique - Davis, Kristin E.; Ekboir, Javier; Spielman, David J. (The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 2008)
This paper examines how post-secondary agricultural education and training (AET) in sub-Saharan Africa can contribute to agricultural development by strengthening the capacity to innovate*to introduce new products and processes that are socially or economically relevant to smallholder farmers and other agents. Using the AET system in Mozambique as a case study, this paper examines the role of AET within the context of an agricultural innovation system. This innovation systems perspective offers an analytical framework to examine technological change in agriculture as a complex process of interactions among diverse actors who generate, exchange, and use knowledge, conditioned by complex social and economic institutions. The paper argues that while AET is conventionally viewed as key to the development of human capital, it also has a vital role to play in building the capacity of organizations and individuals to transmit and adapt information, products and processes, and new organizational cultures and behaviors. The paper emphasizes the importance of improving AET systems by strengthening the capabilities of organizations and professionals; changing organizational cultures, behaviors, and incentives; and building innovation networks and linkages. The paper offers several recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of AET for agricultural innovation and development. Key reforms include aligning the mandates of AET organizations with national development aspirations; inducing change in the cultures of AET organizations through the introduction of educational programs and linkages beyond the AET system; and enhancing innovative individual and organizational capacity by improving incentives to forge stronger links between AET and other stakeholders.

Outreach Activities by Universities as a Channel for Science Communication - Davis, Lloyd Spencer (Communicating Science to the Public, 2014)
Universities engage in outreach activities about science for a variety of reasons, including enhancing their reputation, recruitment and the personal satisfaction of those involved. Be that as it may, such activities are typically portrayed as a form of science communication whereby the public is informed about science. Outreach activities may be classified according to their costs, their reach (i.e. the audience size) and their persistence (i.e. the duration of the activity and how long it is available to the public). When costs of many activities traditionally favoured by universities as outreach for science are weighed against their reach and persistence, they prove not to be the most effective forms of outreach in terms of the value they provide. Encouraging and facilitating staff (and, where appropriate, students) to engage in interviews about science with the media as well as to popularise science – through writing books and articles for the popular press and, where possible, being involved in documentaries about science – are amongst the most effective means by which universities can communicate science to the public. Enhancing such practices will require universities to recognise and reward staff for popularising science, rather than rewarding only publications and citations in scientific journals. Online outreach activities are also an area of great potential when it comes to persistence and the size of the audience: promoting science on the university’s website, encouraging staff to write blogs or contribute to group blogs or forums about science and posting material about science to iTunes U are some of the most cost-effective ways to communicate science to the public. When using more traditional forms of outreach – such as public talks, café scientifiques and U3A – their effectiveness may be enhanced if they occur regularly or are packaged as a group of activities in a way that the public can subscribe to them. Talks in schools, often treated as a source of potential recruitment by universities, can also be viewed as critical for helping to reverse a developing trend in recent times of disinterest in science amongst secondary school pupils. Finally, there may be social reasons favouring outreach activities by universities that go beyond a simple cost-benefit analysis, such as engaging indigenous peoples in science.

Seeing, thinking and acting against malaria - A new aprroach to health worker training in rural Gambia - Dawson, Angela; Joof, Balla Musa (Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice, 2005)
Context: In the Gambia, West Africa, Malaria is a major cause of death among children in rural areas. It has been estimated that in one division in the country malaria accounts for 40% of all deaths in children aged between one and 4 years. Most malaria cases are managed at home assisted by primary healthcare workers. The strategic plan of Gambia's National Malaria Control Programme includes improved training and supervision of all health care providers, at all levels, and increased community awareness in order to reduce the malaria burden by 50% before 2007. Issue: A malaria in-service training program for Community Health Nurses (CHNs) working at village level was piloted in 2004. The program includes a computer-based training (CBT) package, the first of its kind for health professionals in Gambia. The education program is part of a larger initiative, funded by the Gates Malaria Partnership, that aims to increase community involvement in malaria control. The objective of the course is to enable CHNs to facilitate the change process. The curriculum was informed by a reference group and stakeholder input. Interviews and evaluation forms were used to gather information about learner experience and learning preferences. Analysis: The CBT package was well received. Learners reported wanting more computer instruction, but felt they had gained confidence. There was resistance from other health professionals regarding the development of information technology skills in CHNs. This related to the perceived role and status of CHNs, as well as confidence in their ability. Some modifications of the CBT package were necessary, including the reworking of some activities and language. Lessons learned: There are issues related to sustainability and resource implications that need to be addressed. Opportunities exist to expand e-learning in the Gambia for preservice CHNs and other professionals. An investigation into the viability of reproducing this module as a generic planning tool for allied health workers and other extension workers at community level will be undertaken. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; C:Gambia; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:D; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; D:developing context; F:curriculum; F:learning; P:health; P:health professionals; P:nurse; Q:ICT; Q:e-learning; R:evaluation; R:interview; T:Ausbildung; T:Training; T:work-based learning; Z:Community health nurses; Z:Computer based training developing contexts; Z:Health worker education and training; Z:computer based training developing contexts; Z:health worker education and training; publicImportV1

Summer Schools Programme for Disadvantaged Pupils: Key findings for Schools Research report - Day, Laurie; Martin, Kerry; Sharp, Caroline; Gardner, Rachel; Barham, Jo (Department for Education, 2013)
Keywords: _Added to LR; _G:reviewed; ⛔ No DOI found

Quality Education in Rwanda: A Critical Analysis of Quality Indicators - de Dieu, Habyarimana Jean; Theogene, Hashakimana; Philothere, Ntawiha; Ke, Zhou (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The performance of school assignment mechanisms in practice - de Haan, Monique; Gautier, Pieter A; Oosterbeek, Hessel
On the basis of theory alone, it is hard to advise school districts which school assignment mechanism to adopt. While the Deferred Acceptance (DA) mechanism has some desirable properties (strategy proofness and stability) that the Boston mechanism lacks, Boston may outperform DA in terms of welfare because it allows students to express the intensity of their preferences. We use a unique combination of administrative data and survey data to compare the two mechanisms empirically. We ﬁnd that DA results in higher average welfare than Boston. This ﬁnding contradicts the baseline results from some recent studies that use structural approaches. This contradiction can be attributed to the structural models’ assumption that students do not make strategic mistakes. When we impose this assumption, the welfare ranking of the mechanisms reverses.
Keywords: _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The Impact of an Accountability Intervention With Diagnostic Feedback: Evidence from Mexico (English) - de Hoyos Navarro, E.Rafael; Moreno, Vincente A.Garcia; Patrinos, Harry Anthony (The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Teaching With the Test: Experimental Evidence on Diagnostic Feedback and Capacity-Building for Schools in Argentina. - de Hoyos; Rafael, Alejandro Ganimian; Holland, Peter (World Bank Economic Review, 2019)

Computer simulations - technological advances in inquiry learning - de Jong, T. (Science, 2006)

Understanding Teacher Digital Competence in the Framework of Social Sustainability: A Systematic Review - De la Calle, Ana Maria; Pacheco-Costa, Alejandra; Gomez-Ruiz, Miguel Ángel; Guzman-Simon, Fernando (MDPI Journals, 2021)
Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, ICT has been urgently introduced in education systems in a generalised manner. In this context, it is essential for teachers to master a spectrum of basic digital competencies and manifest digital leadership in the classroom. In addition, it is necessary to consider the relationship between digital competence development and social sustainability, that is, social and cultural heritage, and to what extent they contribute to improving social cohesion and living conditions in a community. This study presents a systematic review of research on teacher digital competence and social sustainability based on the PRISMA model and a review of 22 studies indexed in SCOPUS. The review reveals that most are intended to measure the digital competence level of teachers, usually in compulsory stages of the educational system and through quantitative studies based on virtual questionnaires comprised of closed-ended questions. However, the studies tend to ignore questions related to social sustainability (access to resources, heritage culture, intergenerational transmission, employability, or gender equality). It is therefore urgent to develop research committed to a sustainable society that is oriented towards social justice.

Artificial intelligence to automate the systematic review of scientific literature - De La Torre-López, José; Ramírez, Aurora; Romero, José Raúl (Computing, 2023)
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has acquired notorious relevance in modern computing as it effectively solves complex tasks traditionally done by humans. AI provides methods to represent and infer knowledge, efficiently manipulate texts and learn from vast amount of data. These characteristics are applicable in many activities that human find laborious or repetitive, as is the case of the analysis of scientific literature. Manually preparing and writing a systematic literature review (SLR) takes considerable time and effort, since it requires planning a strategy, conducting the literature search and analysis, and reporting the findings. Depending on the area under study, the number of papers retrieved can be of hundreds or thousands, meaning that filtering those relevant ones and extracting the key information becomes a costly and error-prone process. However, some of the involved tasks are repetitive and, therefore, subject to automation by means of AI. In this paper, we present a survey of AI techniques proposed in the last 15 years to help researchers conduct systematic analyses of scientific literature. We describe the tasks currently supported, the types of algorithms applied, and available tools proposed in 34 primary studies. This survey also provides a historical perspective of the evolution of the field and the role that humans can play in an increasingly automated SLR process.

Vocational Training and the Informal Economy - de Largentaye, Armand Rioust (Promoting Pro-poor Growth: Employment, 2009)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Length of secondary schooling and risk of HIV infection in Botswana: evidence from a natural experiment - De Neve, Jan-Walter; Fink, Günther; Subramanian, S V; Moyo, Sikhulile; Bor, Jacob (The Lancet Global Health, 2015)
Background An estimated 2·1 million individuals are newly infected with HIV every year. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have reported conflicting evidence for the association between education and HIV risk, and no randomised trial has identified a causal effect for education on HIV incidence. We aimed to use a policy reform in secondary schooling in Botswana to identify the causal effect of length of schooling on new HIV infection. Methods Data for HIV biomarkers and demographics were obtained from the nationally representative household 2004 and 2008 Botswana AIDS Impact Surveys (N=7018). In 1996, Botswana reformed the grade structure of secondary school, expanding access to grade ten and increasing educational attainment for affected cohorts. Using exposure to the policy reform as an instrumental variable, we used two-stage least squares to estimate the causal effect of years of schooling on the cumulative probability that an individual contracted HIV up to their age at the time of the survey. We also assessed the cost-effectiveness of secondary schooling as an HIV prevention intervention in comparison to other established interventions. Findings Each additional year of secondary schooling caused by the policy change led to an absolute reduction in the cumulative risk of HIV infection of 8·1 percentage points (p=0·008), relative to a baseline prevalence of 25·5% in the pre-reform 1980 birth cohort. Effects were particularly large in women (11·6 percentage points, p=0·046). Results were robust to a wide array of sensitivity analyses. Secondary school was cost effective as an HIV prevention intervention by standard metrics (cost per HIV infection averted was US$27 753). Interpretation Additional years of secondary schooling had a large protective effect against HIV risk in Botswana, particularly for women. Increasing progression through secondary school could be a cost-effective HIV prevention measure in HIV-endemic settings, in addition to yielding other societal benefits. Funding Takemi Program in International Health at the Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Belgian American Educational Foundation, Fernand Lazard Foundation, Boston University, National Institutes of Health.

AI Insights: A Case Study on Utilizing ChatGPT Intelligence for Research Paper Analysis - De Silva, Anjalee; Wijekoon, Janaka L.; Liyanarachchi, Rashini; Panchendrarajan, Rrubaa; Rajapaksha, Weranga (arXiv, 2024)
This paper discusses the effectiveness of leveraging Chatbot: Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) versions 3.5 and 4 for analyzing research papers for effective writing of scientific literature surveys. The study selected the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Breast Cancer Treatment as the research topic. Research papers related to this topic were collected from three major publication databases Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus. ChatGPT models were used to identify the category, scope, and relevant information from the research papers for automatic identification of relevant papers related to Breast Cancer Treatment (BCT), organization of papers according to scope, and identification of key information for survey paper writing. Evaluations performed using ground truth data annotated using subject experts reveal, that GPT-4 achieves 77.3% accuracy in identifying the research paper categories and 50% of the papers were correctly identified by GPT-4 for their scopes. Further, the results demonstrate that GPT-4 can generate reasons for its decisions with an average of 27% new words, and 67% of the reasons given by the model were completely agreeable to the subject experts.
Keywords: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence

The 2020 World Bank education strategy: Nothing new, or the same old gospel - De Siqueira, Angela C. (The World Bank and Education, 2012)
Keywords: Final_citation

Bitcoin's growing energy problem - De Vries, Alex (Joule, 2018)

Cryptocurrencies on the road to sustainability: Ethereum paving the way for Bitcoin - De Vries, Alex (Patterns, 2023)
Keywords: _yl:b

The growing energy footprint of artificial intelligence - De Vries, Alex (Joule, 2023)
Keywords: _yl:a

The Reach of the COVID-19 Crisis in Rwanda: Lessons from the RECOVR Survey - Debenedetti, Luciana; Kirke-Smith, Doug; Habarimana Mfura, Jean Leodomir (Innovations for Poverty Action, 2020)
During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have worked to reduce prevalence as well as to mitigate the socioeconomic impact of lockdown and other measures that have slowed down economic activity. To better understand the impact of the crisis on the Rwandan population, IPA ran the first round of our RECOVR survey in Rwanda from June 4-12. Similar to our approach in other RECOVR countries, we surveyed 1,482 respondents on a number of health, economic, and education outcomes by randomly dialing phone numbers in a sample that is representative of the set of active mobile phone numbers held by adults in Rwanda. A large portion of our respondents live in Kigali, the average age of the sample is 30, and 37 percent of respondents are female.This blog post summarizes the key findings and their policy implications. More information about the RECOVR survey, a cross-country panel survey that is tracking the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 over time in nine countries, is available here.

An investigation of using a tablet computer for searching on the web and the influence of cognitive load - Debue, Nicolas; Ou, Nora; van de Leemput, Cécile (Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

COVID-19's spring 2020 school closures: The effect on teacher candidates - DeFeo, Dayna; Tran, Trang (Institute of Social and Economic Research, 2020)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Governor Dunleavy mandated that Alaska’s K12 schools closed to in-person instruction; later, these school closures were extended until the end of the 2019-2020 academic year. Across the state, educators worked not only to ensure they met their responsibilities for instruction, but also other key school functions including parent resources, meal services, and social-emotional learning. Concurrently, senior college students in teacher licensure programs at the University of Alaska (UA) were in classrooms fulfilling their clinical experience (student teaching) requirements. During the school closures, students were still “placed” in schools, but the nature of their internship experience changed fundamentally as classes were moved to distance delivery. On March 20, Alaska’s Education Commissioner Michael Johnson announced that the state of Alaska would grant emergency certification to teachers who were unable to complete the required number of clinical placement hours due to COVID-19 school closures. Many of these new graduates will qualify for licensure, but how will the pandemic affect them as they become teachers? In this paper, we explore how teacher candidates perceive their readiness for teaching in the fall, and their career intentions. By comparing survey responses collected from spring 2020 graduates against graduates of spring 2019 (the students who had a “typical” student teaching experience), we find that the 2020 graduating class feels ready for the classroom. However, these new teachers – and those hired from teacher education programs (TEPs) outside of Alaska – will need supports as they transition to teaching.

Evaluation of Rural Public Libraries to Address Telemedicine Inequities - DeGuzman, Pamela B.; Siegfried, Zack C.; Leimkuhler, Megan E. (medRxiv, 2020)
Keywords: _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Is the German Qualifications Framework an Instrument that Contributes to Permeability and Progression Within the VET System? – An International Perspective - Deissinger, Thomas (From Diagnostics to Learning Success: Proceedings in Vocational Education and Training, 2013)
Keywords: Apprenticeship System; Apprenticeship Training; Dual System; Qualification Framework; Vocational Qualification; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

TVET System Research - Deissinger, Thomas (Areas of Vocational Education Research, 2014)
Research on TVET systems now comes up with various theoretical approaches. Apart from methodological issues, such as ‘typologies’, comparative criteria are crucial theoretical components by which existing TVET systems can be analysed. It is against this background—and not just by looking at the institutional and/or organisational pattern typical of a given TVET system—that underlying factors, such as the evaluation given to TVET, the different cultural imprints, the meaning of TVET and the political attention states dedicate to the field of post-compulsory education in general, should be taken into account. Differences between the German-speaking countries and the Anglo-Saxon world are hereby obvious and a good example for depicting cultural and pedagogical diversity in the field of TVET. The article focusses on various methodological perspectives for the purpose of understanding, among others, these differences.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; CLL:en; Dual System; Vocational Pathway; Vocational School; Vocational Training; Workplace Learning; publicImportV1

Guidance Note on Qualitative Research in Education: Considerations for Best Practice - DeJaeghere, J; Morrow, V; Richardson, D; Schowengerdt, B; Hinton, R; Muñoz Boudet, A (Department for International Development, prepared for Building Evidence in Education (BE2), 2020)
This guidance note presents examples of qualitative research on education, privileging those from low and middle-income countries when available; however, the content of the note is not exclusive to research in one sector or income level, and the main principles and processes outlined apply across research topics and locations. The research examples provided in this note meet the criteria for strong evidence and present evidence-based guidance based on qualitative research. These studies included at minimum: a solid explanation of the study purpose and the methodology used; a detailed account of the data collection process, including sampling and/or selection of participants; an explanation of the analysis process and how data were analyzed to arrive at findings; and findings that are supported by a detailed description of data.

Framing the News:From Human Perception to Large Language Model Inferences - del Barrio, David Alonso; Gatica-Perez, Daniel (2023)
Identifying the frames of news is important to understand the articles' vision, intention, message to be conveyed, and which aspects of the news are emphasized. Framing is a widely studied concept in journalism, and has emerged as a new topic in computing, with the potential to automate processes and facilitate the work of journalism professionals. In this paper, we study this issue with articles related to the Covid-19 anti-vaccine movement. First, to understand the perspectives used to treat this theme, we developed a protocol for human labeling of frames for 1786 headlines of No-Vax movement articles of European newspapers from 5 countries. Headlines are key units in the written press, and worth of analysis as many people only read headlines (or use them to guide their decision for further reading.) Second, considering advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) with large language models, we investigated two approaches for frame inference of news headlines: first with a GPT-3.5 fine-tuning approach, and second with GPT-3.5 prompt-engineering. Our work contributes to the study and analysis of the performance that these models have to facilitate journalistic tasks like classification of frames, while understanding whether the models are able to replicate human perception in the identification of these frames.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language; Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction

Working From Home Under COVID-19: Who Is Affected? Evidence From Latin American and Caribbean Countries - Delaporte, Isaure; Pena, Werner (Social Science Research Network, 2020)
Millions of individuals are required to work from home as part of national efforts to fight COVID-19. To evaluate the employment impact of the pandemic, an important point is whether individuals are able to work from home. This paper estimates the share of jobs that can be performed at home in 23 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries as well as examines the workers' characteristics associated with such jobs. To carry out this analysis, this paper uses rich harmonised household surveys and presents two measures of teleworkability. The first measure of the feasibility of working from home is borrowed from Dingel and Neiman (2020), while the second closely follows the methodology of Saltiel (2020). We use the second measure as our benchmark, as it is based on a more representative task content of occupations for LAC countries. We find that the share of individuals who are able to work from home varies from 7% in Guatemala to 16% in the Bahamas. We document considerable variation in the potential to work from home across occupations, industries, regions and workers' socioeconomic characteristics. Our results show that some individuals are better positioned to cope with the current situation than others. This highlights the need to assist the most vulnerable workers in the context of the global pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Demographics; Employment; Teleworking

Predicting and resolving non-completion in higher (online) education – A literature review - Delnoij, Laurie E. C.; Dirkx, Kim J. H.; Janssen, José P. W.; Martens, Rob L. (Educational Research Review, 2020)
Non-completion in higher education is a persistent problem and even worse of a problem in higher online education. Although there is a lot of research on predictors of non-completion, less is known about what interventions resolve the non-completion problem and to what extent these interventions focus on relevant predictors of non-completion. To close that gap, the literature was systematically reviewed with a twofold aim: 1. Identify modifiable predictors of non-completion in higher (online) education 2. Investigate characteristics of effective interventions to reduce non-completion in higher (online) education. Results showed that study- or learning strategies, academic self-efficacy, (academic) goals and intentions, institutional or college adjustment, employment, supportive network, and faculty-student interaction are modifiable consistent predictors of non-completion. Coaching, remedial teaching, and peer mentoring are promising interventions to resolve the problem of non-completion in higher education. Interventions aimed at increasing completion rates are limited in targeting relevant modifiable predictors of non-completion.
Keywords: Higher education; Intervention; Non-completion; Predictors; Review

On the impact of early marriage on schooling outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa and South West Asia - Delprato, Marcos; Akyeampong, Kwame; Sabates, Ricardo; Hernandez-Fernandez, Jimena (International Journal of Educational Development, 2015)
This paper examines the effect of age of marriage on women's schooling outcomes for 36 countries from Sub-Saharan Africa and South West Asia. We employ an instrumental variable approach to account for the endogeneity of early marriage driven by socio-economic and cultural factors. Our results show that delaying early marriage by one year is associated with an increase of half a year of education in Sub-Saharan Africa and nearly one third of a year of education in South West Asia as well as a lower likelihood of dropping out from secondary school of 5.5% in South West Asia.
Keywords: Early marriage; Empowerment; Instrumental variable; South West Asia; Sub-Saharan Africa; Women education