Safe Schools course. Module 1: Creating safer schools - Biscette, Clendon; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Safe Schools course. Module 2: Managing emergencies in safe schools - Biscette, Clendon; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Safe Schools course. Module 3: Education continuity and disaster resilient education - Biscette, Clendon; Vijil-Morin, Alejandra; Moustafa, Nariman; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2022)
An output of the Open Development & Education, https://opendeved.net/
Keywords: _internal; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh : Is it Reaching Students? - Biswas, Kumar; Asaduzzaman, TM; Evans, David; Fehrler, Sebastian; Ramachandran, Deepika; Sabarwal, Shwetlena (World Bank, 2020)

Ações de telessaúde no continente africano: uma revisão sistemática - Bittencourt, Hítalo Kassios (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem. Curso de Saúde Coletiva: Bacharelado., 2017)
A África, em especial a região subsaariana, passa por uma crise de saúde-pública. Apesar do aumento de investimentos para tratamento de doenças contagiosas a região africana apresenta alarmantes índices de mortalidade infantil e doenças contagiosas como a AIDS. Tendo em vista este estado alarmante as ações de Telessaúde, por meio das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), vem para diminuir lacunas, agilizando e qualificando a tomada de decisão clinica dos profissionais da saúde. O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso apresenta os resultados parciais de uma revisão sistemática feita nos Bancos de Dados (BD) Web Of Science (WoS), PubMed, Scopus e Embase sobre ações exitosas ou não de Telessaúde no continente Africano, analisando o perfil epidemiológico, história e conceito de Telessaúde, bem como apresentando suas análises bibliométricas.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; CLL:pt; publicImportV1

Continuous professional learning in private higher education: Making a case for distributed leadership - Bitzer, E. M.; Cronje, F. (South African Journal of Higher Education, 2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Non-formal vocational education in Uganda: Practical empowerment through a workable alternative - Blaak, M.; Zeelen, J.; Openjuru, G.L., (International Journal of Educational Development, 2013)
This article reflects on the potential of non-formal vocational education in Uganda to improve the quality of life of those excluded from formal education. Based on an exploration of humanizing development theorists Sen, Freire and Nyerere, together with two case studies, practical empowerment is described as a desirable outcome of education for development. Practical empowerment includes acquiring marketable skills as well as capabilities to critically give direction to one's life. Although education leading to this outcome is desirable for all, non-formal vocational education can reach those currently excluded from formal education, thus enhancing their empowerment by equipping them with useful skills and knowledge. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:outcomes; HDR25; R:case study; T:TVET; Z:Alternative provision; Z:Drop-out; Z:Employment skills; Z:Poverty; Z:Vocational education and training; _C:Uganda UGA; __C:filed:1; publicImportV1

Early Childhood Development Coming of Age: Science through the Life Course. - Black, Maureen M.; Walker, Susan P.; Fernald, Lia C.H.; Andersen, Christopher T.; DiGirolamo, Ann M.; Lu, Chunling; C, Dana (McCoy et al, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model - Black, Sid; Biderman, Stella; Hallahan, Eric; Anthony, Quentin; Gao, Leo; Golding, Laurence; He, Horace; Leahy, Connor; McDonell, Kyle; Phang, Jason; Pieler, Michael; Prashanth, USVSN Sai; et al. (arXiv, 2022)
We introduce GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter autoregressive language model trained on the Pile, whose weights will be made freely and openly available to the public through a permissive license. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest dense autoregressive model that has publicly available weights at the time of submission. In this work, we describe \model{}'s architecture and training and evaluate its performance on a range of language-understanding, mathematics, and knowledge-based tasks. We find that GPT-NeoX-20B is a particularly powerful few-shot reasoner and gains far more in performance when evaluated five-shot than similarly sized GPT-3 and FairSeq models. We open-source the training and evaluation code, as well as the model weights, at https://github.com/EleutherAI/gpt-neox.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language

Social Hazards or Helpers?: The Role of Mobile Media in Early Childhood Social Development - Blackwell, Courtney K. (Mobile Learning Applications in Early Childhood Education, 2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Geo-Referenced Infrastructure and Demographic Data for Development - Blair-Freese, Io (2019 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC), 2019)

Effects of Classroom Environment on Learning - Blaker, Andrew; Andrew, Blaker (甲南大学マネジメント創造学部HSMR編集委員会, 2020)
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT

The effects and characteristics of family involvement on a peer tutoring programme to improve the reading comprehension competence - Blanch, Sílvia; Duran, David; Valdebenito, Vanessa; Flores, Marta (European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2013)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of an educational programme involving peer tutoring at school and family tutoring at home on child reading comprehension achievement in Catalunya, Spain. We drew upon a sample of 303 primary school students from 8 to 11 years old and 223 family tutors from home (61.5% mothers, 15% fathers, 17% both parents, 6.5% siblings). Reading comprehension performance was assessed through standardised tests in pre and post-test bases. Background variables were collected by means of student and parent questionnaires and also teacher and family interviews. An analysis of the family tutoring interactions was also performed. The main results showed positive effects for all the students, but especially for the 223 students who received family support. Overall, the study reveals the effectiveness of peer learning to improve reading comprehension skills and the potential of family involvement for the development of academic skills when the school provides trust and support for it.
Keywords: _Added to LR; _T:reviewed

Educational inequality and the expansion of UK higher education - Blanden, Jo; Machin, Stephen (Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 2004)
In this paper we explore changes over time in higher education (HE) participation and attainment between people from richer and poorer family backgrounds during a time period when the UK higher education system expanded at a rapid rate. We use longitudinal data from three time periods to study temporal shifts in HE participation and attainment across parental income groups for children going to university in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. The key finding is a highly policy relevant one, namely that HE expansion has not been equally distributed across people from richer and poorer backgrounds. Rather, it has disproportionately benefited children from relatively rich families. Despite the fact that many more children from higher income backgrounds participated in HE before the recent expansion of the system, the expansion acted to widen participation gaps between rich and poor children. This finding is robust to different measures of education participation and inequality. It also emerges from non-parametric estimations and from a more detailed econometric model allowing for the sequential nature of education choices with potentially different income associations at different stages of the education sequence.

Topic models - Blei, David M.; Lafferty, John D. (Text mining, 2009)
Keywords: _yl:b

Visualizing Topics with Multi-Word Expressions - Blei, David M.; Lafferty, John D. (arXiv, 2009)
We describe a new method for visualizing topics, the distributions over terms that are automatically extracted from large text corpora using latent variable models. Our method finds significant $n$-grams related to a topic, which are then used to help understand and interpret the underlying distribution. Compared with the usual visualization, which simply lists the most probable topical terms, the multi-word expressions provide a better intuitive impression for what a topic is "about." Our approach is based on a language model of arbitrary length expressions, for which we develop a new methodology based on nested permutation tests to find significant phrases. We show that this method outperforms the more standard use of $χ^2$ and likelihood ratio tests. We illustrate the topic presentations on corpora of scientific abstracts and news articles.
Keywords: Statistics - Machine Learning; _yl:a

An Atlas of Nigerian Languages - Blench, Roger (2019)
A listing and introduction to the languages of Nigeria. 2019 edition of a document first published in 1976 as 'An Index of Nigerian Languages'

Parental Human Capital and Effective School Management: Evidence from the Gambia. - Blimpo, M.; Evans, D.; Lahire, N. (World Bank, 2015)

Can online learning communities achieve the goals of traditional professional learning communities? What the literature says - Blitz, Cynthia L (2013)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

OER Awareness and Use: The Affinity Between Higher Education and K-12 - Blomgren, Constance (The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2018)
Educators within Higher Education (HE) and K-12 share in the need for high quality educational resources to assist in the pursuit of teaching and learning. Although there are numerous differences between the two levels of education, there are commonalties in the perceptions of the purpose, practical uses, and challenges that abide in the use of Open Educational Resources (OER). Observations made while producing podcasts and videos for OER awareness, use, and championing, form an exposition of the merits of OER for HE and K-12. Benefits include cost-savings in acquiring resources for teaching and learning as well as user-generated content, instructor creativity, and contextualized and responsively timely learning opportunities. Additionally, the teaching culture of K-12 has historically supported the sharing of learning activities and learning resources. At all levels of education, OER awareness requires a deeper understanding of the changes to teaching and learning borne by open educational practices.
Keywords: Final_citation; HE OER; K-12 OER; OER awareness; OER benefits; cited; existing; open educational practices; open pedagogy

Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook 1: Cognitive Domain - Bloom, B; Engelhart, M.D; Furst, E.J; Hill, W.H; Krathwohl, D.R (1956)
Using scientific standards of organization and analysis, the various aims and techniques of education are examined with the use of sample exercises and exams

Digitization, Digitalization, and Digital Transformation: Confuse Them At Your Peril - Bloomberg, J. (Forbes, 2018)
We digitize information, we digitalize processes and roles that make up the operations of a business, and we digitally transform the business and its strategy. Each one is necessary but not sufficient for the next.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

Integration durch Bildung. Migranten und Flüchtlinge in Deutschland - Blossfeld, Hans-Peter; Bos, Wilfried; Daniel, Hans-Dieter; Hannover, Bettina; Köller, Olaf; Lenzen, Dieter; Roßbach, Hans-Günther; Seidel, Tina; Tippelt, Rudolf; Wößmann, Ludger (Münster: Waxmann, 2016)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Predicting poverty and wealth from mobile phone metadata - Blumenstock, J.; Cadamuro, G.; On, R. (Science, 2015)

Berufsbildungsbericht - BMBF

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - BMBF - BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung)
Das ist die Startseite des Webauftritts des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF).

Duales Ausbildungssystem weltweit gefragt - BMBF - BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung)
Das Bundesbildungsministerium kooperiert mit ausgewählten Ländern, die am dualen Ausbildungssystem deutscher Prägung zwecks Weiterentwicklung ihrer nationalen Berufsbildung interessiert sind.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; publicImportV1

Genderforschung - BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - BMBF)
Welche Ursachen und Mechanismen behindern die Gleichstellung? Welche Handlungsansätze fördern Chancengerechtigkeit? Was sind nachhaltige gleichstellungspolitische Initiativen?

Strategiepapier der Bundesregierung zur internationalen Berufsbildungszusammenarbeit - BMBF (Drucksache, 2013)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; CLL:de; publicImportV1

Strategiepapier der Bundesregierung zur internationalen Berufsbildungszusammenarbeit - BMBF (Drucksache, 2019)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; CLL:de; publicImportV1

WASCAL II - West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use - BMBF
Richtlinie zur Förderung von Zuwendungen für WASCAL II - West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use („Kompetenzzentrum zur wissenschaftlichen Unterstützung gegen den Klimawandel und des anpassungsfähigen Landmanagements im westlichen Afrika), Bundesanzeiger vom 15.02.2019

Publikationen - BMBF-Internetredaktion (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung - BMBF)
Hier finden Sie eine Auflistung aller Publikationen des Ministeriums.

Strategie zur gezielten Gewinnung von Fachkräften aus Drittstaaten - BMWi – Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (2019)

Where Are the Foxes in Mathematics Education? - Boaler, Jo; Selling, Sarah Kate; Sun, Kathy (Vital Directions for Mathematics Education Research, 2013)

Restructuring vocational and technical education in Ghana: The role of leadership development - Boateng, C (International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2012)
Vocational technical education and training in Ghana is currently undergoing restructuring. Many reforms are in place to improve the quality of provision and learning outcomes to make it more accessible and attractive to all, and to ensure it is relevant and connected to the world of work. The potential success of these reforms will depend largely on the administrators and managers who are responsible for generating ideas and formulating policies ,as well as those responsible for transforming policies into practice. In this regard, effective leadership becomes an important variable that must be considered in the new vocational education environment. There is the need for Ghana to pay attention to providing leadership programs and guidance to current leaders and new and aspiring administrators and managers of vocational technical education. Such leadership development programs should attempt to cultivate in individuals key attributes and characteristics that can predispose successful leadership performance. The availability of leadership development programs and the possibility of being able to acquire certain leadership behaviours and enhance and use certain leadership attributes holds great promise for those participating in and leading vocational educational programs, reform efforts, and the change process in the country.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:T; F:leadership; F:policy; T:TVET; _C:Ghana GHA; __C:filed:1; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Annotated Bibliography: Approaches to psycho-social support in protracted crises - Boateng, Pearl (2017)
This annotated bibliography highlights 14 key resources drawn from the studies which underpinned the questions answered in this helpdesk report. Some selection criteria included the source’s relevance to the query, recent publication, contextual relevance and methodology. The sources below are grouped into three sets: those selected based on their relevance to the Syrian context; those selected based on their focus on evidence of best practice psycho-social support in conflict/post-conflict settings; toolkits and guidelines to support decision-making and practitioners
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Examination Malpractice in Low-Income Contexts - Boateng, Pearl (2019)
This non-standard helpdesk report found that there was little research evidence detailing the types of examination malpractice and even fewer studies focusing on effective strategies to mitigate these issues. Due to the sensitive nature of the topic and the implications for corruption and bribery across entire education systems, this is unsurprising. As a result, from the outset it was agreed with the requester that expert comments and inputs would form the basis of the response to this query. Where evidence was found, this focused on Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa and India. In this report, ‘malpractice’ is defined as purposeful actions intended to influence the marks/grades achieved by individual students or groups of students rather than considering other potential reasons for malpractice (e.g. to influence national policy, working terms and conditions etc.). Malpractice can have different motives and take different forms in different types of examinations (e.g. national assessments for system monitoring which are high stakes for individual schools or regions but not high stakes for individual learners). This report focuses on national exams taken under exam conditions rather than other components that may contribute to the final grades of students (e.g. coursework, School Based Assessment, continuous assessment). As a result, the information presented focuses on national summative examinations in pre-tertiary education. This report has two parts. First, a typology outlining the most common forms of examination malpractice. The typology uses sources from newspaper articles, unpublished conference papers, blogs and other forms of grey literature. Second, a table addressing potential strategies to combat forms of examination malpractice. This was largely made up of expert comments and inputs with some references to research literature. The purpose of this report is to help refine and reframe the policy debate around this issue in Sierra Leone, drawing on evidence from other low-income contexts.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Managing Transitions from Mother Tongue Instruction to English as the Medium Instruction - Boateng, Pearl (2019)
International evidence is clear that there is no best practice in transitioning from mother tongue to English as the medium of instruction in low and middle-income countries. Many studies found in the development of this helpdesk report provided in-depth analysis on the complex colonial histories of mother tongue language policies, nation building, implementation realities and challenges, as well as the importance of a cohesive mother tongue policy. Other papers found for this report provided useful policy considerations for governments, donors and programme staff. Much of the research addresses wider enablers to promote better quality inclusive education at a systemic level through mother tongue language policies. Some authors suggest that we are quite a way from a ‘global’ understanding of the aims and purposes of EMI because it appears to be a phenomenon which is being introduced ‘top-down’ by policy makers and education managers, rather than through consultation with the key stakeholders. Likewise there is a lack of understanding of the wider consequences or the outcomes of EMI (Clegg, 2005; Pinnock, 2009; Dearden, 2014). The benefits of mother tongue instruction (MTI) are well established in literature. The literature describes three main language of instruction models, namely: ‘early-exit’ (1-4 years of MTI), ‘late-exit’ (1-6 years of MTI), and ‘very late-exit’ (1-8 years or beyond in MTI). Results from early-exit policies show low learning outcomes, and this model is often fraught with implementation challenges from political will to resourcing. The sudden transition in early-exit policies does not allow learners to develop adequate cognitive, linguistic and academic skills in their mother tongues prior to the switch. The effective transfer of cognitive and academic competences from the mother tongue to the second language is possible only when the learners have acquired adequate linguistic and academic competence in their mother tongues. The weight of current evidence strongly suggests that if the academic benefits of MTI are to be achieved, then initial MTI needs to be a minimum of six years.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Physical education and arts programme approaches in conflict settings - Boateng, Pearl (2017)
This helpdesk report is the concluding report in the query addressing psycho-social interventions in protracted crises with reference to Syria and its neighbouring countries as well as from other fragile and conflict affected states (FACS). This report specifically addresses sports/physical education programmes in and around Syria and its impact
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Think Tanks’ Influence on Education Policymaking in Low-Income Contexts - Boateng, Pearl (2018)
Though think tanks are acknowledged as critical partners bridging research with policy formulation, one significant challenge that almost all think tanks face is measuring and demonstrating their effectiveness and influence. Whilst their engagement might be visible in public discourse, think tanks’ direct impact on policy is somewhat limited. Many ideas generated by think tanks, even when adopted as government policy, are rarely credited as such. Even in instances where think tanks’ ideas seem to have influenced policy change or processes, the timing of such decisions by policymakers often suggests that larger political forces are driving the agenda. In addition to measuring impact, think tanks face a number of challenges which impinge on their operational and organisational capacity and therefore their ability to engage and influence policymakers and other end users of their outputs such as the general public. These challenges include: financing, autonomy and integrity, changes in political and economic environments, relevance, staff capacity, quality and overall sustainability. Notwithstanding, there are a number of potential opportunities for think tanks to increase their efficacy. These include: exploring alternative funding routes, co-creation and genuine partnership with government and other end users of their research/policy outputs, establishing regional/continental think tank networks, making research accessible using technology and other means, creating strategic plans, designing a creative and proactive research agenda, developing a pipeline for early career researchers and collaboration with universities and other research institutions to strengthen influence. There is great interest in collaboration between universities and think tanks and when collaborating under mutually beneficial terms, partnership has resulted in strong engagement with decision makers. This interest in collaboration is not only among the institutions themselves but extends to the individuals working in them as well as the organisations that use and fund policy research, training, policy dialogue and consultancy. Potentially useful synergies between both types of institutions include improved quality of research outputs and training, networking, increased visibility, financial gains and capacity building.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Machine learning in weather prediction and climate analyses—applications and perspectives - Bochenek, Bogdan; Ustrnul, Zbigniew (Atmosphere, 2022)

Play and self-regulation: Lessons from Vygotsky - Bodrova, Elena; Germeroth, Carrie; Leong, Deborah (American Journal of Play, 2013)
The authors consider the analysis of the literature on play research by Lillard and others in the January 2013 Psychological Bulletin, an analysis that questioned the prevailing assumption of a causal relationship between play and child development, especially in the areas of creativity, reasoning, executive function, and regulation of emotions. The authors regard these connections as critical for teachers in early-childhood classrooms and for other advocates of child play. They claim that the conclusions of Lillard and her coauthors place these professionals in a difficult position because they already face sharp pressure to replace play with academic activities. The authors suggest that the difficulty researchers have in linking play to development partly results from a failure to account for both cognitive and non cognitive developments across a complex trajectory. To help see the problem more clearly, they argue for a return to the Vygotskian and post-Vygotskian theories that differentiate between immature and mature play. The authors then describe their creation, an observational tool based on such theories, that helps researchers and practitioners judge the quality of pretend play. Key words: Lev Vygotsky; mature play; Mature Play Observation Tool; play and child development; self-regulation
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

wwwlitbaskets.io, an IT artifact supporting exploratory literature searches for Information Systems research - Boell, SK; Wang, B (2019)
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024; ⛔ No DOI found

Distance Learning for Teacher Training in Brazil - Bof, Alvana (International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 2004)
Keywords: C:Brazil; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Germany DEU; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Widely used machine learning models reproduce dataset bias: Study - Bogna, John; University, Rice
Rice University computer science researchers have found bias in widely used machine learning tools used for immunotherapy research.

Primary School Technology Enhanced Learning Physics Case Study - Bogusevschi, Diana; Muntean, Gabriel-Miro
Keywords: _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Greece GRC; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Republic of Moldova MDA; _C:Romania ROU; _C:Slovakia SVK; _C:Spain ESP; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Water Cycle in Nature-An Innovative Virtual Reality and Virtual Lab: Improving Learning Experience of Primary School Students. - Bogusevschi, Diana; Muntean, Gabriel-Miro (2019)
Keywords: _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Greece GRC; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Romania ROU; _C:Slovakia SVK; _C:Spain ESP; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Save the Children Sierra Leone - Boisvert, Kayla (UNHCR Accelerated Education Working Group, 2017)
Keywords: _Added to LR; _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _T:reviewed

Exploring Blended Learning for Science Teacher Professional Development in an African Context - Boitshwarelo, Bopelo (The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2009)
This paper explores a case of teacher professional development in Botswana, where a blended learning solution was attempted. The analysis of the implementation environment reveals deficiencies in policy, schools (workplaces), and training providers. The paper concludes with three recommendations: 1) Schools should support on-going teacher learning in the workplace and should manage ICT resources for use by both teachers and students; 2) Government should support participatory and localised learning and institutionalise ICT access and use; and 3) Training providers should use blended methods and should model good ICT practices. The author also notes that change is needed in the culture of teaching and learning so that ongoing, situated, participatory, and collaborative approaches are accepted. Finally, collaboration between the training providers and the schools is necessary as is a change in beliefs about the use of ICTs in education.
Keywords: C:Botswana; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Cuba CUB; _C:Senegal SEN; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ___working_potential_duplicate

Influence of Air Temperature on School Teachers’ Mood and the Perception of Students’ Behavior - Boix-Vilella, Salvador; Saiz-Clar, Elena; León-Zarceño, Eva; Serrano, Miguel Angel (Sustainability, 2021)
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT

Creating and sustaining effective professional learning communities - Bolam, Ray; McMahon, Agnes; Stoll, Louise; Thomas, Sally; Wallace, Mike; Greenwood, Angela; Hawkey, Kate; Ingram, Malcolm; Atkinson, Adele; Smith, Michele (Research report, 2005)

Artificial Intelligence for Literature Reviews: Opportunities and Challenges - Bolanos, Francisco; Salatino, Angelo; Osborne, Francesco; Motta, Enrico (arXiv, 2024)
This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs). A SLR is a rigorous and organised methodology that assesses and integrates previous research on a given topic. Numerous tools have been developed to assist and partially automate the SLR process. The increasing role of AI in this field shows great potential in providing more effective support for researchers, moving towards the semi-automatic creation of literature reviews. Our study focuses on how AI techniques are applied in the semi-automation of SLRs, specifically in the screening and extraction phases. We examine 21 leading SLR tools using a framework that combines 23 traditional features with 11 AI features. We also analyse 11 recent tools that leverage large language models for searching the literature and assisting academic writing. Finally, the paper discusses current trends in the field, outlines key research challenges, and suggests directions for future research.
Keywords: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction; Computer Science - Information Retrieval

Prospects, Issues and Challenges of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Revamping Nigeria's Depressed Economy - Bolarina, Fehintola Fatimoh Bintu; Akinyele, Temitayo Abosede (International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education Research, 2018)
Nigeria aspires to become a major player in the world economy in line with her Vision 20-2020. To achieve this ambitious goal, the most crucial vehicle apart from power and infrastructure, is a skilled and competent workforce. This is necessary for the effective implementation of national development projects and for attracting necessary international investment by hi-tech industries. (NBTE, 2011). Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is used as a comprehensive term referring to those aspects of the educational process involving, in addition to general education, the study of technologies and related sciences, the acquisition of practical skills, attitudes, understanding and knowledge relating to occupations in various sectors of economic and social life (UNESCO and ILO 2001) In addition to technical knowledge and aptitude, TVET is also concerned with softer skills like communication, negotiation and teamwork. It is dispensed in public and private educational establishments or other forms of formal or informal instructor aimed at granting all segments of the society access to lifelong resources.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:West Africa; C:Nigeria; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; Q:higher education; T:CTE; T:OE; T:PVE; T:TVET; T:career; T:occupational education; T:professional and vocational education; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Enrollment without learning: Teacher effort, knowledge, and skill in primary schools in Africa - Bold, Tessa; Filmer, Deon; Martin, Gayle; Molina, Ezequiel; Stacy, Brian; Rockmore, Christophe; Svensson, Jakob; Wane, Waly (Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2017)

Experimental evidence on scaling up education reforms in Kenya - Bold, Tessa; Kimenyi, Mwangi; Mwabu, Germano; Ng’ang’a, Alice; Sandefur, Justin (Journal of Public Economics, 2018)
What constraints arise when translating successful NGO programs to improve public services in developing countries into government policy? We report on a randomized trial embedded within a nationwide reform of teacher hiring in Kenyan government primary schools. New teachers offered a fixed-term contract by an international NGO significantly raised student test scores, while teachers offered identical contracts by the Kenyan government produced zero impact. Observable differences in teacher characteristics explain little of this gap. Instead, data suggests that bureaucratic and political opposition to the contract reform led to implementation delays and a differential interpretation of identical contract terms. Additionally, contract features that produced larger learning gains in both the NGO and government treatment arms were not adopted by the government outside of the experimental sample.
Keywords: Contract teachers; Education; External validity; Kenya; Randomized evaluation; State capacity

Impact of assistive technology on education performance of learners with visual impairment at the University of Rwanda - College of Education - BOLINGO, Amurani (2019)

Animal Sourced Foods (ASF): Evidence on Stunting and Programmes to Increase Consumption - Bolton, Laura (2019)
Animal source foods (ASF) are an important source of nutrients. They are a particularly good source of iron and zinc which prevents stunting. The main factors affecting ASF consumption that were discussed in the literature identified were nutritional knowledge, price, and livestock production. Broader links between poverty and ASF were not discussed within the scope of this report. Nutritional knowledge should first be assessed before education programmes are devised. Many communities have nutritional knowledge and the cost of ASFs was found to be the biggest barrier. Price ratios show how unaffordable ASFs are in poorer regions. Livestock production tends to be positively associated with increased ASF consumption. Increased risk of diseases passed on by animals should be considered. Information may also need to be given so that breast-feeding is not replaced by milk consumption in households that own cows. A small number of intervention evidence was identified in this rapid review though the list is unlikely to be exhaustive. ASF consumption was found to increase in Nepal following a poverty alleviation programme with a focus on livestock production. A health and nutrition education programme in India found a significant increase in egg consumption. A school-feeding programme which supplemented children with eggs found positive results on stunting. There are concerns over the environmental impact of animal production which warrant attention. There wasn’t scope within this report to explore ASF alternatives which may also improve stunting.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Barriers to Education for Girls in the Democratic Republic of Congo - Bolton, Laura (2020)
There was little published literature on the barriers to girls’ education in the DRC. The main findings of the research suggest that cultural history, economic lack, and the coexistence of these are the main factors hindering access to girls’ education. Limited data suggest that inequality is less significant at primary age so looking at problems for both boys and girls is likely to be relevant. At adolescence the gap is wider and the barriers are more gendered. This review synthesises evidence on barriers hindering access to education the reasons for low attainment or achievement levels for girls in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Other barriers identified include: early/forced marriage, parents’ lack of interest in childrens’ activities and low value placed on schooling, and children’s disinterest in school due to lack of school quality. The research provides a very useful insight but there is agreement1 that there are distinct regional differences in the DRC. For example, rural areas have more children out of school than urban areas. Recommendations for improved learning outcomes from DFID Girls’ Education Challenge include: coaching for teachers alongside structured teaching materials, extra-curricular clubs and activities, collection of data for planning, working with boys and men to improve gender inequality, and promoting change at all levels (community, school and national).
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Effective Adult Education - Bolton, Laura (2017)
The most important element for successful adult literacy and numeracy learning is to take a people-centred approach. Literacy and numeracy teaching should be incorporated into subjects that are directly relevant and useful for participants. Ideally, learners would be consulted on their priorities and be involved in the planning and design of the programme and of educational materials. The most effective learning will happen when adults are actively engaged in the construction of their own knowledge. Inter-generational or family learning programmes is one possible approach which has seen success in being responsiveness to the needs and concerns of learners.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Effective Learning Strategies to Improve Basic Education Outcomes - Bolton, Laura (2018)
Improving basic education outcomes is a very broad research area. The time constraints of the helpdesk review directed focus on large-scale reviews of learning strategies in low- and middle-income countries. This was supplemented by rapid searching to see what research could be identified within the limitations of this report that focussed on outcomes on highly marginalised, conflict affected children, or those from federal states. Broader scope strategies to improve learning for other important marginalised groups for example, girls and indigenous populations, are also included.Different systematic reviews emphasise different conclusions. Bashir et al. (2018) highlight a focus on teaching to improve learning. They recommend focus on teacher knowledge, teaching practice, and instructional time.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Evaluation Learning Review for DFID Nigeria - Bolton, Laura (2019)
Eight evaluation and one research report were provided by DFID for this review. The Girls Education Project (GEP III) consists of multiple interventions aiming to provide meaningful and relevant quality basic education for integrated Qur’anic education. Outputs include increasing capacity of teachers, improved governance and improving access and demand. Evaluations on the capacity of teachers to improve learning outcomes did not produce improved learning outcomes. The evaluation of the GEP III found limited impact on the knowledge of trained teachers, curriculum knowledge deteriorated and there was some improvement in teacher’s ability to interpret English was found. It suggests that the use of reading resources could improve teacher’s comprehension skills and using a phonics approach could improve their English. The limited effectiveness of the training is suggested to be related to low initial subject knowledge and pedagogical knowledge, language barriers and the changing class environment. The evaluation concludes that the intervention is highly unlikely to have improved gender sensitive class practice.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Foundational Mathematics Education in Developing Countries - Bolton, Laura (2019)
There is concern that children in developing countries are not learning sufficient mathematics skills. Focus on enrolment and literacy may have led to neglect of mathematics learning and less is known about the status in this area. According to a UNESCO study in 2014 fewer than 50 per cent of grade 6 students have achieved a minimum level in mathematics in three quarters of eastern and southern African countries (UNESCO, 2014). In the remaining quarter of countries, between 56 and 62 per cent of students had learned basic mathematics skills. To obtain information on mathematics progress this report extracts data from the World Bank database. Section 2 describes the different data scales and section 3 reports results. Section 4 includes some case studies from further research into different countries. The following sections 5 to 9 discuss findings on teacher capacity, barriers, curricula, and technology. Section 10 outlines recommendations and research gaps. Factors affecting mathematics progress tend to mirror issues affecting educational attainment in general. Studies identify socio-economic factors as commonly associated with learning in mathematics. There is a consensus that making improvements in overall school quality will likely improve mathematics attainment. One problem specific to mathematics is cultural attitude. Some cultures do not value mathematics and have expectations of failure. Attitudes need to be changed within the public and education sector highlighting the benefits, accessibility and achievability of mathematics for everyone. Some evidence is found that teaching mathematics in English or French rather than local languages may impede learning. Translating shared materials into local languages may be resource intensive. Some teachers do not know the local language where they are teaching. Some case studies are found where technologies have been shown to improve mathematics results. Technologies are particularly cost-effective as they can be shared more easily but language of instruction would not be mother-tongue. Early childhood development interventions are a good place to start to improve foundational numeracy learning. Positive examples are identified in Botswana, South Africa, and Rwanda.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Gender Parity in Education in Ethiopia - Bolton, Laura (2019)
This report synthesises evidence on the trends in the gender gap in primary and secondary school, particularly for the emerging regions: Afar, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambela, and Somali in 2000 to 2019. This report was completed in two parts, results from statistical research and extraction from four reports provided by the requester. Four reports were provided to review for this helpdesk with data extraction in section 8. A report on advancing women’s equality in Africa focussed on improving economic opportunities and noted that parity in work and society must come together. Ethiopia was deemed to be performing particularly badly on parity in ‘legal protection and political voice’. However, Ethiopia has an above average score on political representation. Research looking at the role of politics in relation to girls’ education gives important insight. Yorke, Rose, and Pankhurst (2019) explore this with discussion on why positive progress in official policy is not necessarily leading to changes on the ground. They recommend a focus on the meso-level, the space between policy and implementation.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Social Services Budgeting in Southern Africa - Bolton, Laura (2018)
It is not possible to do a formal comparison of budget allocations within social services in different countries with the data identified. The data from different countries are from different sources and different years and budget allocations are measured and reported in different ways. There are even some discrepancies from different sources on the same country. The data reported here, however, can be used to give a broad impression of the amounts of social budgets apportioned to wages for comparison. High wage bills for general government expenditure has been highlighted as problematic in recent years and a focus for development reform across different sectors. The concern of this query was the amount of budgets spent on employment within health, education and social protection services. Budget apportioned to other areas of services is more difficult to compare as reporting is not uniform. Some reports describe data on other allocations more specifically, such as amount apportioned to infrastructure, supplies, equipment, and donor development. And some are described more broadly eg. Other recurrent transactions. A balance between funding for different areas is required for optimising services. For example, a well-staffed health facility requires equipment and infrastructure with which to function and conversely a well-equipped facility needs trained staff to deliver the services (UNICEF, 2017a). This rapid review draws on literature on social services budgeting in Southern Africa by drawing samples from Zambia, Malawi, Botswana, Mozambique and South Africa by focusing on three key services including Health, Education and Social Protection.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Transition to Federal Health and Education Governance - Bolton, Laura (2021)
This report looks at transition from central to federal responsibilities for health and education in Nepal and Indonesia. Federalism is a complex process and it was outside of the scope of this review to investigate the extent to which it has been developed in these countries and the nature of its functioning. Challenges identified in the literature on transition to federalism and decentralisation include ensuring equitable distribution of finances and resources across states, slow transfer of power and lack of coordination between government levels, lack of capacity at local levels and incoherence in capacity building, ensuring continuity of medical supplies and continuity of health services during transition, and training local level health personnel in procurement. This report also notes some recommendation from experience on transition to decentralisation, including the need to put a clear legislative framework, to make a slowly phased transition is needed to allow for changes and adjustments, to consider conditional grants to ensure that health is not de-prioritised in a federal system.

Violence in Schools - Bolton, Laura (2017)
This rapid literature review sets out to identify evidence on approaches to measuring the prevalence of violence in schools across low and middle income countries and the data available based on these measurement approaches. The review includes a list of key sources of evidence on measurements and a review of statistical data on the the prevalence of violence in schools for low and middle income countries globally.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

DFID rated “very good”, FCO “poor”, in aid transparency index - Bond (2018)
While DFID is rated as one of the most transparent donors in the world, the FCO is lagging far behind.

Schools and Emergency Remote Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Living Rapid Systematic Review - Bond, Melissa (Asian Journal of Distance Education, 2020)
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has had an unprecedented impact on education around the world. In order to understand and face this challenge, educators and researchers undertook a range of research, however the time that teachers have to undertake professional development and seek out such literature to inform their practice has been sorely lacking. Furthermore, literature exploring the wider variety of stakeholder experiences has been suggested to be missing. This living rapid systematic review synthesises K-12 research on teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, published in English and indexed in 5 international databases. 89 studies were included for synthesis in the present article, and the results are discussed against a bioecological model of student engagement. The results indicate that the majority of research was conducted in Europe and Asia, predominantly focused on teachers, with more studies undertaken in high schools. Online surveys were the most used method, although future research must include all study design information. Recommendations from the literature include providing further funding for professional development and equipment, prioritising equity, designing collaborative activities, and using a combination of synchronous and asynchronous technology. Gaps in the literature are highlighted and practical tips for teachers are provided.
Keywords: Bibliometrics; COVID-19; Distance Education; Educational Change; Educational Environment; Educational Research; Educational Technology; Electronic Learning; Elementary Secondary Education; Faculty Development; Family Influence; Foreign Countries; Learner Engagement; Literature Reviews; Pandemics; Peer Influence; Research Methodology; School Closing; Teacher Influence; Technology Uses in Education; _genre:LR-literature_review; ⛔ No DOI found

Global emergency remote education in secondary schools during the COVID-19 pandemic - Bond, Melissa; Bergdahl, Nina; Mendizabal-Espinosa, Rosa; Kneale, Dylan; Bolan, Faye; Hull, Poppy; Ramadani, Fjolla (Open Science Framework, 2021)
Global emergency remote education in secondary schools during the COVID-19 pandemic
Keywords: _genre:LR-literature_review; stress

Mapping research in student engagement and educational technology in higher education: a systematic evidence map - Bond, Melissa; Buntins, Katja; Bedenlier, Svenja; Zawacki-Richter, Olaf; Kerres, Michael (International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2020)
Digital technology has become a central aspect of higher education, inherently affecting all aspects of the student experience. It has also been linked to an increase in behavioural, affective and cognitive student engagement, the facilitation of which is a central concern of educators. In order to delineate the complex nexus of technology and student engagement, this article systematically maps research from 243 studies published between 2007 and 2016. Research within the corpus was predominantly undertaken within the United States and the United Kingdom, with only limited research undertaken in the Global South, and largely focused on the fields of Arts & Humanities, Education, and Natural Sciences, Mathematics & Statistics. Studies most often used quantitative methods, followed by mixed methods, with little qualitative research methods employed. Few studies provided a definition of student engagement, and less than half were guided by a theoretical framework. The courses investigated used blended learning and text-based tools (e.g. discussion forums) most often, with undergraduate students as the primary target group. Stemming from the use of educational technology, behavioural engagement was by far the most often identified dimension, followed by affective and cognitive engagement. This mapping article provides the grounds for further exploration into discipline-specific use of technology to foster student engagement.
Keywords: Educational technology; Evidence map; Higher education; Student engagement; Systematic review; _genre:LR-literature_review

Digital transformation in German higher education: student and teacher perceptions and usage of digital media - Bond, Melissa; Marín, Victoria I.; Dolch, Carina; Bedenlier, Svenja; Zawacki-Richter, Olaf (International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2018)
Digitalization in Higher Education (HE) institutions is an issue that concerns many educational stakeholders. ICT skills are becoming increasingly relevant in every context, especially in the workplace, therefore one of the prime objectives for universities has become preparing future professionals to be able to deal with problems and search for solutions, including digital competence as a vital skill set. Different policies, initiatives and strategies are currently being proposed in Germany, addressing educational technology innovations in HE. The University of Oldenburg is presented as an example, in an endeavour to gain an understanding of what is being proposed and what is actually happening in teaching and learning in German university classrooms. Two datasets were examined regarding the use and perceptions of students (n = 200) and teachers (n = 381) on the use of digital tools. Findings reveal that both teachers and students use a limited number of digital technology for predominantly assimilative tasks, with the Learning Management System being perceived as the most useful tool. In order to support the broader use of educational technology for teaching and learning purposes, strategies for HE institutions are suggested.
Keywords: Digital media usage; Digitalization; Educational technology; Germany; Higher education; Student perceptions; Teacher perceptions; University professors; University students; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Finland FIN; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Israel ISR; _C:Luxembourg LUX; _C:New Zealand NZL; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; _genre:LR-literature_review

Can tablet apps support the learning of handwriting? An investigation of learning outcomes in kindergarten classroom - Bonneton-Botté, Nathalie; Fleury, Sylvain; Girard, Nathalie; Le Magadou, Maëlys; Cherbonnier, Anthony; Renault, Mickaël; Anquetil, Eric; Jamet, Eric (Computers & Education, 2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

The challenges and prospects of ICTs in teaching and learning in Sunyani Polytechnic, Ghana - Bonsu, KA; Duodu, A; Bonsu, K; Duodu, K (Capa Scientific Journal, 2013)
Globally, the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the past decades has been enormous. ICT plays a crucial role in socio-economic development and in bringing the world together as a global village. Indeed, in today‟s knowledge based economy, a completely new set of skills are required. Developing countries need to respond to demand for strategies to prepare the youth for the competitive opportunities driven by information and communication technology. The role of ICT tools in education should be more emphasized despite the heavy investment on ICT infrastructure, equipment and professional development for improved education. However, the adoption of ICT and its integration in teaching and learning have met challenges. This study reports the state of ICT usage in teaching and learning at Sunyani Polytechnic, Ghana. The study highlights factors that influence effective integration of ICT in teaching and learning. The findings revealed minimal adoption of ICT in teaching and learning at Sunyani Polytechnic, Ghana. The study makes recommendations that would enhance ICT uptake and adoption when implemented.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:learning; F:teaching; P:economy; P:teacher education; Q:ICT; Q:educational technology; R:case study; T:TVET; _C:Ghana GHA; __C:filed:1; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Gender Transformation Experiences among Women Leaders in the Western Cape TVET Sector: A Narrative Response - Bonzet, Rene; Frick, Beatrice Liezel (EDUCATION AS CHANGE, 2019)
Leadership structures in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges in South Africa face stark gender inequalities. Narratives of women currently in TVET leadership positions in the Western Cape province of South Africa might shed light on gender transformation in this sector. This article provides an insider perspective on 10 purposively selected respondents' shared experiences during their careers as women leaders through a narrative methodology. The data produced themes like family roles and a professional career balance, stages in becoming a leader, gender-related notions, leadership contexts, and strategies to manage gendered experiences. The analytical framework developed illustrates how these themes were reconciled with a structured method of narrative analysis, described as a problem-solution approach, analysing raw data for five elements of plot structure, namely characters, setting, problem, actions, and resolutions. Aligning the conceptual and analytical frameworks facilitated re-storying inside a plot-structured narrative. The results reported gender transformation progress regarding the career progression of women leaders. Conversely, progress concerning gender stereotyping and men-to-women and women-to-women discrimination was unsatisfactory, causing some respondents to abandon leadership ambitions. Although the small sample size precludes any claim to generalisability, the reported narratives serve as a guideline in addressing all-inclusive gender transformation in TVET college leadership.\n

A grid-based sample design framework for household surveys - Boo, Gianluca; Darin, Edith; Thomson, Dana R.; Tatem, Andrew J. (Gates Open Research, 2020)
Traditional sample designs for household surveys are contingent upon the availability of a representative primary sampling frame. This is defined using enumeration units and population counts retrieved from decennial national censuses that can become rapidly inaccurate in highly dynamic demographic settings. To tackle the need for representative sampling frames, we propose an original grid-based sample design framework introducing essential concepts of spatial sampling in household surveys. In this framework, the sampling frame is defined based on gridded population estimates and formalized as a bi-dimensional random field, characterized by spatial trends, spatial autocorrelation, and stratification. The sampling design reflects the characteristics of the random field by combining contextual stratification and proportional to population size sampling. A nonparametric estimator is applied to evaluate the sampling design and inform sample size estimation. We demonstrate an application of the proposed framework through a case study developed in two provinces located in the western part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We define a sampling frame consisting of settled cells with associated population estimates. We then perform a contextual stratification by applying a principal component analysis (PCA) and k -means clustering to a set of gridded geospatial covariates, and sample settled cells proportionally to population size. Lastly, we evaluate the sampling design by contrasting the empirical cumulative distribution function for the entire population of interest and its weighted counterpart across different sample sizes and identify an adequate sample size using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance between the two functions. The results of the case study underscore the strengths and limitations of the proposed grid-based sample design framework and foster further research into the application of spatial sampling concepts in household surveys.

A Review Of The Management Theory For Special Education Task Load Perspective - Boon, Quah Wei; Al, Et (Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 2021)
There is evidence related to the existence of the issue of teacher workload through several studies. Many researchers have found that workload factors are closely related to the stress levels of special education teachers. They noted that this workload factor is also the highest factor that has caused stress among special education teachers. The study also found that the majority of respondents agreed that special education teachers are burdened with various tasks in school which will ultimately affect the quality of the teaching process and job satisfaction of the teachers involved. There are also studies that state that special education teachers not only need to carry out the teaching process in the classroom, but also be involved in administrative work, discipline management, substitute teachers and many other workloads. This situation requires special education teachers to manage their assignments efficiently and systematically. This study was conducted to examine the existing management theories, in helping teachers manage their assignments better.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Onder de motorkap: Onderzoek naar EdTech testbeds in Europa - Boot, N.; Jukema, H.; Stappen, E. van der (2022)
Het onderwijs is voortdurend in ontwikkeling. Studenten hebben behoefte aan afwisselend onderwijs dat aansluit op hun eigen belevingswereld. Terwijl docenten het best mogelijke onderwijs willen

Thinking and Working Politically - Booth, David
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Emerging Issues in East Africa for Girls’ Education in East Africa - Booth, Rachel (2022)
Despite progress on girls’ education in the past 25 years, many girls in East Africa are still facing profound education challenges. When combined with gender norms, poverty, location, and disability, girls are likely to struggle with accessing and remaining in education. External pressures such as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate-related disasters, and conflict all exacerbate existing inequalities This report draws together evidence on the current status of girls’ education in Somalia, Sudan, Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and South Sudan, based on 15 days of desk-based research and key informant interviews. Using a combination of education systems thinking and the socio-ecological model, it examines and emphasises the importance of feedback loops, relationships between different actors in the education system and social norms and power which influence education systems and girls’ educational outcomes. The countries covered in this study are at different stages of education system evolution. Further detailed research is needed to find specific entry points for girls’ education support by country. Entry points for potential support have emerged as common themes across the four FCDO priority countries. These are System strengthening, creating Enabling Environments, and Investment in Girls Agency.
Keywords: ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Over-promotion and caution in abstracts of preprints during the COVID-19 crisis - Bordignon, Frederique; Ermakova, Liana; Noel, Marianne (Learned Publishing)
The abstract is known to be a promotional genre where researchers tend to exaggerate the benefit of their research and use a promotional discourse to catch the reader's attention. The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted intensive research and has changed traditional publishing with the massive adoption of preprints by researchers. Our aim is to investigate whether the crisis and the ensuing scientific and economic competition have changed the lexical content of abstracts. We propose a comparative study of abstracts associated with preprints issued in response to the pandemic relative to abstracts produced during the closest pre-pandemic period. We show that with the increase (on average and in percentage) of positive words (especially effective) and the slight decrease of negative words, there is a strong increase in hedge words (the most frequent of which are the modal verbs can and may). Hedge words counterbalance the excessive use of positive words and thus invite the readers, who go probably beyond the ‘usual’ audience, to be cautious with the obtained results. The abstracts of preprints urgently produced in response to the COVID-19 crisis stand between uncertainty and over-promotion, illustrating the balance that authors have to achieve between promoting their results and appealing for caution.
Keywords: COVID-19; abstract; academic writing

Introduction to meta-analysis - Borenstein, M.; Hedges, L.V.; Higgins, J.P.T.; Rothstein, H.R. (John Wiley & Sons, 2009)

The marginal returns to distance education: Evidence from mexico’s telesecundarias - Borghesan, Emilio; Vasey, Gabrielle (2021)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

The Catch-up Education Programme in Turkey: Opportunities and challenges - Börkan, Bengü; Ünlühisarcıklı, Özlem; Caner, H. Ayşe; Sart, Z. Hande (International Review of Education, 2015)
Turkish children between the ages of 10–14 who either never enrolled in primary education, dropped out of school, or were at least three years behind their peers had the opportunity of joining an accelerated learning programme. It was developed by the Turkish Ministry of National Education General Directorate of Primary Education as a response to the urgent need to secure these children’s right to education. The programme, called ‘‘Catch-up Education Programme’’ (CEP), was implemented between September 2008 and 2013 in collaboration with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) to enable those children to complete several grades in a short time and then to continue their education with their peers. This paper presents the ﬁndings of a study, conducted in 2010, reviewing the challenges and opportunities experienced during the implementation process from the points of view of beneﬁciaries (pupils and parents) and implementers. The results are discussed in relation to educational policy and its implementation in general.
Keywords: _AcademicRecoveryOECS; _Added to LR; _T:reviewed; __C:filed:1

Professional development and teacher learning: mapping the terrain - Borko, H. (Educational Researcher, 2004)

Contemporary Approaches to Teacher Professional Development - Borko, H.; Jacobs, J.; Koellner, K. (International Encyclopedia of Education, 2010)

Video as a tool for fostering productive discussions in mathematics professional development - Borko, Hilda; Jacobs, Jennifer; Eiteljorg, Eric; Pittman, Mary Ellen (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2008)
This article explores the use of classroom video as a tool for fostering productive discussions about teaching and learning. The setting for our research is a 2-year mathematics professional development program, based on the Problem-Solving Cycle model. This model relies on video from the teachers’ own classrooms and emphasizes creating a community in which members feel comfortable learning from video. We describe our experiences carrying out the Problem-Solving Cycle model, focusing on our use of video, our efforts to promote a supportive and analytical environment, and the ways in which teachers’ conversations around video developed over a 2-year period.
Keywords: C:United States; Mathematics education; Mathematics teachers; Professional development; Teacher learning; Video

The Effects of School Libraries on Language Skills: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in India. - Borkum, Evan; He, Fang; Linden, Leigh L. (No, 2012)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of Galli Galli Sim Sim on Indian preschoolers - Borzekowski, Dina L. G.; Singpurwalla, Darius; Mehrotra, Deepti; Howard, Donna (Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2019)
While educational media can affect young children's development, rigorous studies rarely occur in low and middle income countries. Using an experimental design, researchers investigated the effect of an educational television series (Galli Galli Sim Sim (GGSS), the Indian version of Sesame Street) with 1340 children in 99 preschools in Lucknow, India. Boys and girls, ages three to seven and mostly from low income households, saw 30 min of television five days a week for twelve weeks, varying how much Galli Galli Sim Sim versus other programming children watched. Assessments occurred at baseline, endline, and six weeks later. Hierarchical models showed that Galli Galli Sim Sim receptivity, an independent variable that combines exposure and recall, significantly improved literacy, numeracy, socio-emotional strategies, and nutritional knowledge. Locally-produced educational media should be encouraged as it can positively affect potential school success and child development.
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

A Learning Design for Deep Learning for a Distance Teacher Education Programme - Bose, Sutapa (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Self-learning materials (SLM) generally lack the mechanisms for ensuring deep learning but help address the learning needs of large number of learners. Hence, it was retained as the key instructional component for a distance in-service teacher education programme offered by the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), India. However, for the programme’s personal contact programme, a learning design was developed with the aim of addressing the SLM’s pedagogic limitations. This study aimed to determine how learners were using the SLM for learning while the design was being implemented at multiple units of analysis. It used the case-study method, and the findings suggested that the learning design encouraged deep learning processes that included the use of workplace learning as a context for interrogating the SLM and evaluating their relevance. Findings of qualitative studies are not generally generalisable. Nevertheless, this study will help in making informed decisions favouring ‘learning designs’ instead of instructional designs for IGNOU’s future teacher education programmes.
Keywords: Distance teacher education; deep learning; learning design; pedagogy; self learning material; ⛔ No DOI found

School leadership and social justice: Evidence from Ghana and Tanzania - Bosu, R.; Dare, A.; Dachi, H.; Fertig, M. (International Journal of Educational Development, 2011)

"Ending Child Marriage: Reproductive Health Outcomes and Delaying Marriage and Childbearing for Adolescent Girls " In - Botea, Ioana; Chakravarty, Shubha; Haddock, Sarah; Wodon, Quentin (2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

El meta-análisis: una metodología para la investigación en educación - Botella, Juan; Zamora, Ángela (Educación XXI: revista de la Facultad de Educación, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Turning the tide: creating Professional Learning Communities (PLC) to improve teaching practice and learning in South African public schools - Botha, E. M. (Africa Education Review, 2012)

Outcomes-based education and educational reform in South Africa - Botha, Nico (International Journal of Leadership in Education, 2002)
The outcomes-based education or OBE paradigm (the underlying philosophy behind South Africa's ‘Curriculum’ 2005), which focuses on the outcomes of the educational process, was introduced in South Africa during the last decade as one of the measures to improve the quality of education in post-apartheid South Africa and to address the demands for an increasingly skilled working force. The OBE system (model) was introduced in South Africa on the assumption that it would lead to an increase in the quality of education that South African learners attain in schools. However, questions remain regarding whether OBE will necessarily improve the quality of education and transform South African schools. These questions are addressed, and the introduction of outcomes-based education in South Africa is discussed.

Teaching Equivalent Fractions to Secondary Students With Disabilities via the Virtual–Representational–Abstract Instructional Sequence - Bouck, Emily C.; Bassette, Laura; Shurr, Jordan; Park, Jiyoon; Kerr, Jackie; Whorley, Abbie (Journal of Special Education Technology, 2017)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Manipulative apps to support students with disabilities in mathematics - Bouck, Emily C.; Working, Christopher; Bone, Erin (Intervention in School and Clinic, 2018)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

School Counselors and COVID-19 - Boudreau, Emily (Harvard Graduate School of Education, 2020)

Availability of digital object identifiers in publications archived by PubMed - Boudry, Christophe; Chartron, Ghislaine (Scientometrics, 2017)
Digital object identifiers (DOIs) were launched in 1997 to facilitate the long-term access and identification of objects in digital environments. The objective of the present investigation is to assess the DOI availability of articles in biomedical journals indexed in the PubMed database and to complete this investigation with a geographical analysis of journals by the country of publisher. Articles were randomly selected from PubMed using their PubMed identifier and were downloaded from and processed through developed Hypertext Preprocessor language scripts. The first part of the analysis focuses on the period 1966–2015 (50 years). Of the 496,665 articles studied over this period, 201,055 have DOIs (40.48%). Results showed that the percentage of articles with DOIs began to increase for articles published in the 2000s, with spectacular growth in the years 2002–2003, then reached a peak in 2015. Data on countries showed that some countries gradually implemented DOIs over the period 1966 to 2015 (the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands), while some did not (Russia, the Czech Republic, and Romania). The second part of the analysis focuses on the year 2015 and includes 268,790 articles published in 2015, randomly selected to evaluate the current implementation of DOIs. In 2015, 86.42% of articles had DOIs. The geographical analysis of countries of publishers showed that some countries (Russia, Thailand, and Ukraine) still assigned few DOIs to articles in 2015. Thus, if the scientific community aims to increase the number and the usefulness of services rendered by DOIs, efforts must be made to generalize their use by all persons involved in scientific publication, particularly publishers.

Developing a Rubric to Assess 3rd-5th Grade Student Understanding of Science Concepts via Screencast Models - Boughey, Sarah (California State University, Long Beach, 2019)
The purpose of this project was to develop a rubric to assess third through fifth grade students’ scientific understanding through NGSS modeling created via screencasts. Scientific modeling can better capture student understanding through screencasts because it shows student thinking through drawing, labeling, writing, and explaining verbally in recordings. It is easier for young children and English leaners to express their thinking by talking than by writing. This project utilized research on science rubric creation, and NGSS modeling to help develop a rubric. Expert reviewer feedback was utilized to revise the rubric into its final version.
Keywords: Models; Rubric; Screencast; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Boujikian, Michèle; Carter, Alice; Jordan, Katy (Journal on Education in Emergencies, 2022)
Jusoor's Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program's assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Boujikian, Michèle; Carter, Alice; Jordan, Katy (Journal on Education in Emergencies, 2022)
Jusoor's Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program's assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.

Aprendizaje y formación de personas adultas - Bourgeois, E.; Nizet, J. (Presses Universite de France, 1997)

Overview of UK development education landscape with a focus on partnerships between UK schools and those overseas - Bourn, Douglas; Blum, Nicole; Ndaruhutse, Suzy; Mattingly, Jacqui (2017)
This rapid review provides an overview of the UK development education landscape with a focus on what else apart from the British Council’s Connecting Classrooms Programme is going on to build partnerships between schools in the UK and schools overseas? How many children/schools are part of something like this? These questions are related to a second query covered in a separate helpdesk report that examines childhood development stages; specifically, when is the best time to influence children’s and young people’s thinking on global issues? These helpdesk reports are designed to help inform a business case and guide DFID’s thinking for a new approach to delivering development education in the UK when the current phases of Connecting Classrooms and the Global Learning Programme (GLP) ends.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Childhood development stages and learning on global issues - Bourn, Douglas; Hunt, Frances; Hassan, Ahmed (2017)
This helpdesk report provides a summary of available literature and evidence relating to childhood development stages; specifically, when is the best time to influence children’s thinking on global issues. This question is related to a second query covered in a separate helpdesk report that examines the development education landscape in the UK: specifically, what else apart from British Council’s Connecting Classrooms Programme is going on to build partnerships between schools in the UK and schools overseas? How many children/schools are part of something like this? These helpdesk reports are designed to help inform a business case and guide DFID’s thinking for a new approach to delivering development education in the UK when the current phases of Connecting Classrooms and the Global Learning Programme (GLP) ends. Key definitions and terminology can be found in Annex 1.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Feminist Standpoint Theory - Bowell, Tracy (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2019)

Meeting the Learning Needs of Historically Underserved Students during and after California School Closures. Crisis Response Resource - Bowman, Alicia; Jallow, Shelley (WestEd, 2020)
School closures intended to slow the spread of the new coronavirus have been forcing California's public-school leaders to apply their crisis-management skills to the enormous task of delivering instruction to some 6.2 million students across the state who, for an indefinite period, must engage in some type of distance learning. Even under normal conditions, many of California's districts and schools struggle to adequately serve the full range of their highly diverse student populations. Today's extraordinary circumstances only add to the challenge. In doing so, they serve as a call to action for rethinking how to meet the learning needs of student groups that have been on the wrong side of long-standing opportunity gaps.
Keywords: Access to Computers; Access to Education; At Risk Students; Barriers; Communicable Diseases; Crisis Management; Disease Control; Distance Education; Family Environment; Food; Internet; Online Courses; Planning; Public Schools; Readiness; School Closing; Student Needs; Teacher Competencies; Teacher Role

Analyzing the Determinants of the Matching of Public School Teachers to Jobs: Disentangling the Preferences of Teachers and Employers - Boyd, Donald; Lankford, Hamilton; Loeb, Susanna; Wyckoff, James (Journal of Labor Economics, 2013)

Explaining the Short Careers of High-Achieving Teachers in Schools with Low-Performing Students - Boyd, Donald; Lankford, Hamilton; Loeb, Susanna; Wyckoff, James (American Economic Review, 2005)
Keywords: Analysis of Education; Public Sector Labor Markets; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Norway NOR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Evidence-based answers to questions about trigger warnings for clinically-based distress: A review for teachers - Boysen, Guy A. (Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 2017)
According to the popular press, students have been increasingly demanding warnings before being exposed to potentially distressing classroom material. The validity of these types of trigger warnings has been a topic of vigorous debate. Based on a review of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) research and closely related topics, this article answers questions that teachers might ask about the validity of the scientific assumptions behind trigger warnings and their use in the classroom. External stimuli causing distress is a feature common to many mental disorders, and trauma-based triggers of distress are an essential feature of PTSD. However, development of PTSD after a traumatic experience is relatively rare. Environmental triggers are often difficult to predict, but warnings may reduce distress among people with PTSD by allowing exposure to be controlled. To the extent that trigger warnings allow avoidance of hyperarousal when trying to learn, they should increase students’ classroom performance. However, avoidance of trauma reminders contributes to the persistence of PTSD symptoms. Although clinical research generally supports the notion of trigger warnings as an accommodation for individual students diagnosed with PTSD, the effectiveness of trigger warnings in the classroom is unknown. In addition, trigger warnings may be a legitimate accommodation for students with psychiatric disabilities, but this does not mean that they are relevant to nonclinical issues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Classroom Management; Distress; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Student Attitudes; Teachers; Teaching; Trauma; Warnings

Educational Technology Research Patterns in the Realm of the Digital Knowledge Age - Bozkurt, Aras (Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2020)
Educational technology (EdTech) is a dynamic, evolving field and as such, in identifying and mapping research patterns in this field, a systematic approach is required. Starting from when the World Wide Web became publicly available, this study conducts a systematic review of educational technology research patterns. The review showed that after 1993, there was a sudden increase in the number of educational technology publications, and that in terms of subject areas, social sciences dominate the field, which suggests that there is a need for more interdisciplinary research. Regarding the geographical distribution of the research, the review found that most of the contributions come from the same developed countries. The following themes from over the course of almost three decades were identified: 1993–1999 multimedia learning and instructional design; 2000–2004 convergence of educational technology, distance education and online learning environments, and educational technology integration in traditional learning settings; 2005–2009 revising curriculum for educational technology, educational technology in higher education and distance education, and the bottleneck of the significant differences in educational technology research; 2010–2014 online learning and higher education, integration of ICT and full potential of educational technology; and 2015–2019 data-driven, smart educational technology, big data, and learning analytics. While critical views are increasing, this study also observed that some discourse, such as arguments that EdTech will change education and replace teachers, are constantly articulated throughout the literature.
Keywords: Final_citation; anystyle; existing

Resilience, Adaptability, and Sustainability of Higher Education: A systematic Mapping Study on the Impact of the Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic and the Transition to the New Normal - Bozkurt, Aras (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global crisis, affecting many areas of society, including higher education, which has not been immune to its effects. This study, therefore, examines COVID-19 from the perspective of higher education, applying data mining and analytics approaches, i.e., t-SNE analysis, text-mining, and social network analysis, to identify research themes and patterns. The results obtained show that studies have not been restricted to addressing only the impact of COVID-19 on learners and educational institutions in terms of pedagogical issues. The study identified three broad themes from the body of research on this subject: (1) educational crisis and higher education in the new normal: resilience, adaptability, and sustainability, (2) psychological pressures, social uncertainty, and mental well-being of learners, and (3) the rise of online distance education and blended-hybrid modes. The study concludes that the survival of higher education depends on the resilience, adaptability, and sustainability skills of higher education institutions.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; _genre:PR-primary_research; emergency remote education; higher education; online distance education; teaching and learning; ⛔ No DOI found

From Distance Education to Open and Distance Learning: A Holistic Evaluation of History, Definitions, and Theories - Bozkurt, Aras; Bozkurt, Aras (http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/978-1-5225-8431-5.ch016, 2001)
As pragmatist, interdisciplinary fields, distance education (DE) and open and distance learning (ODL) transform and adapt themselves according to changing paradigms. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to examine DE and ODL from different perspectives to discern their future directions. The study concludes that DE and ODL are constantly developing interdisciplinary fields where technology has become a significant catalyst and these fields become part of the mainstream education. However, mainstreaming should be evaluated with caution, and there is a need to revisit core values and fundamentals where critical pedagogy would have a pivotal role. Besides, there is no single theory that best explains these interdisciplinary fields, and therefore, there is a need to benefit from different theoretical approaches. Finally, as a result of constant changes, we should keep the definition of both DE and ODL up-to-date to better explain the needs of the global teaching and learning ecosystem.

A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis - Bozkurt, Aras; Jung, Insung; Xiao, Junhong; Vladimirschi, Viviane; Schuwer, Robert; Egorov, Gennady; Lambert, Sarah; Al-Freih, Maha; Pete, Judith; Don Olcott, Jr; Rodes, Virginia; Aranciaga, Ignacio; et al. (Asian Journal of Distance Education, 2020)
Keywords: Author:OpenDevEd; COVID-19; Coronavirus Pandemic; _C:Algeria DZA; _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Belize BLZ; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:China CHN; _C:Congo, Democratic Republic COD; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:Finland FIN; _C:France FRA; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Greece GRC; _C:Guatemala GTM; _C:India IND; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Italy ITA; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Korea (Republic of) KOR; _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Peru PER; _C:Philippines PHL; _C:Romania ROU; _C:Russian Federation RUS; _C:Rwanda RWA; _C:Saudi Arabia SAU; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Somalia SOM; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Uruguay URY; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; _genre:LR-literature_review; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; distance education; docs.opendeved.net; emergency remote education; online learning; ⛔ No DOI found

An analysis of peer reviewed publications on openness in education in half a century: Trends and patterns in the open hemisphere - Bozkurt, Aras; Koseoglu, Suzan; Singh, Lenandlar (Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2018)
Openness in education is an evolving concept which is shaped by the changing needs of societies, cultures, geographies, and economies, thus, it does not have a precise definition. By focusing on four sets of generic keywords - open education, open learning, open educational resources (OERs), and open educational practices (OEPs) - this paper examines research in openness in education through a systematic review of peer reviewed literature. In doing so, the researchers sought to draw attention to existing trends and patterns and possible future trajectories of openness in education. Content analysis, social network analysis, and text-mining are the methods used for data collection and analysis. Findings show that there has been growing interest on openness in education, particularly on OERs, across different fields. Findings also point to OEPs as an emerging area of study, which offers a fertile ground for future research. However, on closer inspection, a divide can be observed between the global north and global south in terms of research output.
Keywords: Open Education; Open Educational Practices (OEPs); Open Educational Resources (OERs); Open Learning; Openness; __C:filed:1

Speculative Futures on ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Collective Reflection from the Educational Landscape - Bozkurt, Aras; Xiao, Junhong; Lambert, Sarah; Pazurek, Angelica; Crompton, Helen; Koseoglu, Suzan; Farrow, Robert; Bond, Melissa; Nerantzi, Chrissi; Honeychurch, Sarah; Bali, Maha; Dron, Jon; et al. (Asian Journal of Distance Education, 2023)
While ChatGPT has recently become very popular, AI has a long history and philosophy. This paper intends to explore the promises and pitfalls of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) AI and potentially future technologies by adopting a speculative methodology. Speculative future narratives with a specific focus on educational contexts are provided in an attempt to identify emerging themes and discuss their implications for education in the 21st century. Affordances of (using) AI in Education (AIEd) and possible adverse effects are identified and discussed which emerge from the narratives. It is argued that now is the best of times to define human vs AI contribution to education because AI can accomplish more and more educational activities that used to be the prerogative of human educators. Therefore, it is imperative to rethink the respective roles of technology and human educators in education with a future-oriented mindset.
Keywords: _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; artificial intelligence (AI); artificial intelligence in education (AIEd); future educational perspectives; generative pre-trained transformer (GPT); natural language processing; speculative methodology; ⛔ No DOI found

Rapid food and income security assessment Round 2: How are BRAC International volunteers and programme participants coping with COVID-19 - BRAC (2020)
Keywords: _COVID-Continuity-Blogpost-01; _COVID_DEAA-List

New Hub Aims to Help Schools Find the Right Ed-Tech Products During COVID-19 - Bradley, Brian (Market Brief, 2020)
The World Bank-supported project offers a growing database of ed-tech platforms meant to help schools use technology more effectively.
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Mobile literacy among Syrian refugee women teachers - Bradley, Linda; Bahous, Rima; Albasa, Ali (Research-publishing.net, 2019)
This research project investigates mobile literacy of Syrian refugee women teachers settled in Lebanon and Sweden. Our research provides input into Syrian refugee women teachers' professional aspirations and their connection to informal mobile learning. In both countries, training programs are used for these newly arrived teachers, enabling them to move forward in their careers, where digital and mobile learning play an important part. The purpose is to investigate how Syrian refugee women teachers are blending their teaching profession and vocational training with mobile literacy and digital technology. A qualitative method approach was applied, interviewing 20 refugee women in Lebanon and Sweden, all teachers from Syria. The outcomes show that the teachers are developing their vocational abilities in getting more career-oriented training in their areas of education by means of enhancing their language skills through mobile technology. [For the complete proceedings, see ED600837.]
Keywords: Career Development; Cross Cultural Studies; ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE); Faculty Development; Females; Foreign Countries; Handheld Devices; Informal Education; Information Technology; Land Settlement; Lebanon; Literacy; Occupational Aspiration; Refugees; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Sweden; Syria; Teacher Attitudes; Telecommunications; Videoconferencing; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2095768; ___working_potential_duplicate; __finaldtb

Mobile Literacy among Syrian Refugee Women Teachers - Bradley, Linda; Bahous, Rima; Albasa, Ali (Research-publishing, 2019)
This research project investigates mobile literacy of Syrian refugee women teachers settled in Lebanon and Sweden. Our research provides input into Syrian refugee women teachers' professional aspirations and their connection to informal mobile learning. In both countries, training programs are used for these newly arrived teachers, enabling them to move forward in their careers, where digital and mobile learning play an important part. The purpose is to investigate how Syrian refugee women teachers are blending their teaching profession and vocational training with mobile literacy and digital technology. A qualitative method approach was applied, interviewing 20 refugee women in Lebanon and Sweden, all teachers from Syria. The outcomes show that the teachers are developing their vocational abilities in getting more career-oriented training in their areas of education by means of enhancing their language skills through mobile technology. [For the complete proceedings, see ED600837.]
Keywords: Career Development; Cross Cultural Studies; Faculty Development; Females; Foreign Countries; Handheld Devices; Informal Education; Information Technology; Land Settlement; Literacy; Occupational Aspiration; Refugees; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Teacher Attitudes; Telecommunications; Videoconferencing; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Dominica DMA; _C:France FRA; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Lebanon LBN; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Syrian Arab Republic SYR; _C:United Arab Emirates ARE; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Personalization in bert with adapter modules and topic modelling - Braga, Marco; Raganato, Alessandro; Pasi, Gabriella (2023)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Circular Economy: Micro-Macro Linkages and Implications for Commonwealth Countries - Brain, Sophie; Awiti, Christine (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2023)
In the ongoing fight against poverty and inequality, globalization and sustained economic growth are perceived as key to ending global poverty and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustained economic growth is traditionally seen as leading to increased income, which either directly or indirectly lowers poverty levels. Similarly, as the world becomes more globalized, it is assumed that the increase in trade will be accompanied by good quality jobs in both industry and services and, consequently, increasing income, declining poverty and sustained growth.

Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: a prospective exploratory study - Bramer, Wichor M.; Rethlefsen, Melissa L.; Kleijnen, Jos; Franco, Oscar H. (Systematic Reviews, 2017)
Background: Within systematic reviews, when searching for relevant references, it is advisable to use multiple databases. However, searching databases is laborious and time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific. We aimed to determine the optimal combination of databases needed to conduct efficient searches in systematic reviews and whether the current practice in published reviews is appropriate. While previous studies determined the coverage of databases, we analyzed the actual retrieval from the original searches for systematic reviews. Methods: Since May 2013, the first author prospectively recorded results from systematic review searches that he performed at his institution. PubMed was used to identify systematic reviews published using our search strategy results. For each published systematic review, we extracted the references of the included studies. Using the prospectively recorded results and the studies included in the publications, we calculated recall, precision, and number needed to read for single databases and databases in combination. We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying levels of recall (i.e., 95%). For a sample of 200 recently published systematic reviews, we calculated how many had used enough databases to ensure 95% recall. Results: A total of 58 published systematic reviews were included, totaling 1746 relevant references identified by our database searches, while 84 included references had been retrieved by other search methods. Sixteen percent of the included references (291 articles) were only found in a single database; Embase produced the most unique references (n = 132). The combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar performed best, achieving an overall recall of 98.3 and 100% recall in 72% of systematic reviews. We estimate that 60% of published systematic reviews do not retrieve 95% of all available relevant references as many fail to search important databases. Other specialized databases, such as CINAHL or PsycINFO, add unique references to some reviews where the topic of the review is related to the focus of the database. Conclusions: Optimal searches in systematic reviews should search at least Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar as a minimum requirement to guarantee adequate and efficient coverage.

Technology usage in mathematics education research – A systematic review of recent trends - Bray, Aibhín; Tangney, Brendan (Computers & Education, 2017)

Curricula, examinations, and assessment in secondary education in sub-saharan Africa - Bregman, Jacob; Verspoor, Adriaan; Klosowska, Kasha (The World Bank, 2008)
Curriculum reforms first and foremost should focus on improving the current teaching and learning processes. As a systemic challenge, these changes need to include re-orientation from secondary education as pre-academic tertiary education to a wider range of options, including vocational education and the world of work. Curriculum reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) require comprehensive approaches directed at the complexity of the educational system at large. It requires the acknowledgement of past obstacles and current challenges to reform, as well as the challenges additionally created by the reforms. Human and physical resources, perceptions, experiences with past reforms and current school and classroom practices determine the limits of what educational systems can absorb in terms of development. Many high political ambitions have implications that are beyond current context and conditions. It therefore makes sense to have realistic ambitions and scope of curriculum reform, because these may increase the potential for successful implementation. Sometimes, less could actually be more. It is recommended that curriculum reform and strategies be based on the realities on the ground and much less on political ambitions. Implementation of curricula depends on improved coordination of development efforts with a focus on curriculum. It is recommended to increase the efficiency, clearly define institutional responsibilities, and provide for better cooperation and communication with across existing institutions and departments.

Lernen in Arbeitsprozessen - Kompetenzentwicklung - Bremer, Rainer (Handbuch Berufsbildungsforschung, 2005)

The effects of teachers’ training on pupils’ achievement: The case of elementary schools in France - Bressoux, P. (School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 1996)

Teachers training, class size and students’ outcomes: Evidence from third grade classes in France. Unpublished paper - Bressoux, P.; Kramarz, F.; Prost, C. (2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Research-to-Change Toolkit: Implementation Research for Youth Practitioners - Brian Batayeh (IREX and Youth Excel Consortium., 2022)

Lessons from the influx of preprints during the early COVID-19 pandemic - Brierley, Liam (The Lancet Planetary Health, 2021)

The role of research preprints in the academic response to the COVID-19 epidemic - Brierley, Liam (2020)
The current outbreak of COVID-19 has escalated into a global health crisis. Investigations into the epidemic have taken place upon an unprecedented stage of rapid, open-platform science, including vastly improved access to unreviewed preprint research. I quantified preprint responses to COVID-19 by examining 785 preprints posted to English-language preprint servers (bioRxiv, n = 140; medRxiv, n = 561; arXiv, n = 84). Preprint research during the current outbreak has been enormously accelerated, with an average of 11.9 preprints posted per day-over a hundred-fold higher than that during 2014's West African ebolavirus outbreak. While this boom in preprints has enabled valuable knowledge sharing of scientific developments, novel challenges have become apparent. Unfounded conclusions from unreviewed research have played a clear role in public misinformation about the epidemic. I provide recommendations to improve accountability and transparency surrounding preprints, a vital step for future outbreaks as open-platform epidemiology continues to advance.

An IoT-based deep learning approach to analyse indoor thermal comfort of disabled people - Brik, Bouziane; Esseghir, Moez; Merghem-Boulahia, Leila; Snoussi, Hichem (Building and Environment, 2021)
Monitoring the thermal comfort of building occupants is crucial for ensuring sustainable and efficient energy consumption in residential buildings. Existing studies have addressed the monitoring of thermal comfort through questionnaires and activities involving occupants. However, few studies have considered disabled people in the monitoring of thermal comfort, despite the potential for impairments to present thermal requirements that are significantly different from those of an occupant without a disability. Additionally, people with disabilities can experience difficulties in expressing their thermal comfort, which further complicates assessment and monitoring. To overcome this, we propose the development of a new learning model using a deep neural network. Our model can predict the indoor thermal comfort of differently abled people in real time to facilitate remote monitoring. We generated our real dataset using a new Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. Our architecture also includes a data collection scheme to ensure an efficient collection process, enabling the collection of targeted data before transferring them to cloud servers for further data analysis. Experimental results illustrate the reliability of our data collection scheme in gathering useful and targeted data, as well as the efficiency of our deep learning-based model, which achieved an accuracy of 94% and a precision and recall of 98% and 97%, respectively.
Keywords: Building sustainability; Deep learning; Disabled people; Indoor thermal comfort prediction and monitoring; Internet of Things (IoT)

Training of School Teachers in West Africa: Remediation of Reading Difficulties through Training in Phonological Awareness and Letter Names - Briquet-Duhazé, Sophie (FIRE: Forum for International Research in Education, 2014)
The training of teachers of West Africa is carried out by the Academy of Rouen (France) and organized around an annual training plan approved by the AEFE. Each trainer only supervises twenty teachers for 5 days. Teachers from eight countries (Mauritania, Cape Verde, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso), come to Dakar for a week. We have been asked four times tn Dakar (Senegal) to provide training for teachers of West Africa. It is all about being trained in order to resolve reading difficulties for students using our scientific research. This paper presents the theoretical framework of phonological awareness and letter names and the 0 phase and the beginning of Phase 1 of our research. We use these predictors as remedial reading difficulties among students aged 8 to 11 years. We present the first results.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; C:Burkina Faso; C:Cape Verde; C:Gambia; C:Guinea; C:Ivory Coast; C:Mali; C:Mauritania; C:Senegal; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CL:fr; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:T; F:Improvement; P:teachers; T:TVET; T:Training; T:trainee; Z:Alphabets; Z:Elementary School Students; Z:Faculty Development; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Longitudinal Studies; Z:Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence; Z:Phonological Awareness; Z:Predictor Variables; Z:Professional Continuing Education; Z:Reading Difficulties; Z:Relevance (Education); Z:Remedial Reading; Z:Teacher Improvement; __C:filed:1; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Technology for professional development: access, interest and opportunity for teachers of English in South Asia - British Council (British Council, 2015)
Keywords: _C:Afghanistan AFG; _C:Bangladesh BGD; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:China CHN; _C:India IND; _C:Italy ITA; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Sri Lanka LKA; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Uruguay URY; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Strengthening systems for integrated early childhood development services: a cross-national analysis of governance - Britto, Pia Rebello; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu; van Ravens, Jan; Ponguta, Liliana Angelica; Reyes, Maria; Oh, Soojin; Dimaya, Roland; Nieto, Ana María; Seder, Richard (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2014)
While there has been substantial growth in early childhood development (ECD) services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is considerable inequity in their distribution and quality. Evidence-based governance strategies are necessary, but currently they are insufficient for widespread, quality implementation. In particular, there is a limited understanding of the use of systems approaches for the analysis of ECD services as they go to scale. The aim of this paper is to present findings from four countries, using a cross-national case study approach to explore governance mechanisms required to strengthen national systems of ECD services. While different sets of governance strategies and challenges were identified in each country, overarching themes also emerged with implications for systems strengthening. Study results focus on local, mid-level and central governance, with recommendations for effective coordination and the integration of ECD services in LMICs.
Keywords: coordination; early childhood; governance; low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); systems strengthening

Standing on the shoulders of giants: challenges and recommendations of literature search in information systems research - Brocke, J; Simons, A; Riemer, K (Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Teacher agency in professional learning communities - Brodie, Karin (Professional development in education, 2019)

The power of professional learning communities - Brodie, Karin (Education as change, 2013)

What is literacy? - Brookes, Paul H; Gee, P J (Becoming Political, Too: New Readings and Writings on the Politics of Literacy Education, 1992)

Adequacy of the Regular Early Education Classroom Environment for Students With Visual Impairment - Brown, Cherylee M.; Packer, Tanya L.; Passmore, Anne (The Journal of Special Education, 2013)
This study describes the classroom environment that students with visual impairment typically experience in regular Australian early education. Adequacy of the classroom environment (teacher training and experience, teacher support, parent involvement, adult involvement, inclusive attitude, individualization of the curriculum, physical environment, and vision aids) for students with visual impairment in early regular education was assessed at the start and the end of one year. A total of 20 students with visual impairment (age M = 5.4 years) attending regular early education participated. In general, teacher-reported curriculum individualization and the physical environment were adequate. However, support provided for staff, teacher training, adult involvement, access to visual aids, and inclusive attitudes were less than adequate. More than 40% of students experienced fewer than four out of nine adequate environmental features. These results indicate that strategies to improve teacher training, support, attitudes, and access to vision aids are needed.

Can’t Wait to Learn: A quasi-experimental mixed-methods evaluation of a digital game-based learning programme for out-of-school children in Sudan - Brown, Felicity L; Farag, Alawia I; Hussein Abd Alla, Faiza; Radford, Kate; Miller, Laura; Neijenhuijs, Koen; Stubbé, Hester; de Hoop, Thomas; Abdullatif Abbadi, Ahmed; Turner, Jasmine S.; Jetten, Andrea; Jordans, Mark J.D. (Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2020)
Innovations are needed to address the global issue of access to highquality education, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This paper shows quasi-experimental evidence that a digital game-based learning programme (‘Can’t Wait to Learn’) led to significantly greater improvements in mathematics competency, Arabic literacy competency, and psychological wellbeing of children aged 7–9 in Sudan, compared to state-provided education for out-of-school children, 6 months after the start of the programme implementation (n = 221). These findings were corroborated and extended by qualitative data from 33 focus group discussions and key informant interviews with children, learning directors, caregivers, community leaders, and supervisory staff. We found no differ ence between groups on child-reported hope, and we found evidence for a significant negative intervention effect on child-reported self-esteem, though the psychometric properties of these instruments were not ade quate. We report several considerations related to the experience of local facilitators, programme implementation challenges, and the importance of community acceptance and engagement for fidelity of implementation.

A critical review of frameworks for digital literacy: Beyond the flashy, flimsy and faddish–Part 1 - Brown, Mark (ASCILITE ℡all blog, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Global Micro-credential Landscape: Charting a New Credential Ecology for Lifelong Learning - Brown, Mark; Mhichíl, Mairéad Nic Giolla; Beirne, Elaine; Lochlainn, Conchúr Mac (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
This article offers a global overview of the burgeoning field of micro-credentials and their relationship to lifelong learning, employability and new models of digital education. Although there is no globally accepted definition of micro-credentials, the term indicates smaller units of study, which are usually shorter than traditional forms of accredited learning and courses leading to conventional qualifications such as degrees. The paper aims to provide educators with a helicopter view of the rapidly evolving global micro-credential landscape, with particular relevance to higher education leaders, industry stakeholders and government policy-makers. It addresses five questions: (i) what are micro-credentials? (ii) why micro-credentials? (iii) who are the key stakeholders? (iv) what is happening globally? and (v) what are some of the key takeaways? Drawing on a European-wide perspective and recent developments in The Republic of Ireland, the paper concludes that micro-credentials are likely to become a more established and mature feature of the 21st Century credential ecology over the next five years. While the global micro-credential landscape is currently disconnected across national boundaries, more clarity and coherence will emerge as governments around the world increasingly align new credentialing developments with existing national qualification frameworks. The micro-credentialing movement also provides opportunities for governments and higher education institutions in partnership with industry to harness new digital learning models beyond the pandemic.
Keywords: Credentials; Digital Badges; Employability; Micro-credentials; Transversal Skills; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

Social Annotation and an Inclusive Praxis for Open Pedagogy in the College Classroom - Brown, Monica; Croft, Benjamin (Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2020)
Open social annotation, while offering opportunities for the creation of new knowledge, empowerment, and dynamic dialogue for learning, also contains inherent risk of safety for marginalized student populations navigating open knowledge practices. In this paper, we will explore both the opportunities for subverting traditional knowledge structures offered by open social annotation, while also bringing to the surface the critical tensions that may make engaging in social annotation more dangerous or ineffective for students from historically marginalized backgrounds. Finally, we will offer a framework for constructing social annotation assignments for the college classroom that functions to maximize the potential for equity while taking into account ways to minimize harm in the inevitable tensions of an inherently unsafe online environment. Critical social annotation will be explored as an alternative pedagogical approach.
Keywords: __C:filed:1; annotation; critical social annotation; inclusive; open pedagogical practices; open pedagogy

Language Models are Few-Shot Learners - Brown, Tom B.; Mann, Benjamin; Ryder, Nick; Subbiah, Melanie; Kaplan, Jared; Dhariwal, Prafulla; Neelakantan, Arvind; Shyam, Pranav; Sastry, Girish; Askell, Amanda; Agarwal, Sandhini; Herbert-Voss, Ariel; et al. (arXiv, 2020)
Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains on many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus of text followed by fine-tuning on a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this method still requires task-specific fine-tuning datasets of thousands or tens of thousands of examples. By contrast, humans can generally perform a new language task from only a few examples or from simple instructions - something which current NLP systems still largely struggle to do. Here we show that scaling up language models greatly improves task-agnostic, few-shot performance, sometimes even reaching competitiveness with prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Specifically, we train GPT-3, an autoregressive language model with 175 billion parameters, 10x more than any previous non-sparse language model, and test its performance in the few-shot setting. For all tasks, GPT-3 is applied without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot demonstrations specified purely via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong performance on many NLP datasets, including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several tasks that require on-the-fly reasoning or domain adaptation, such as unscrambling words, using a novel word in a sentence, or performing 3-digit arithmetic. At the same time, we also identify some datasets where GPT-3's few-shot learning still struggles, as well as some datasets where GPT-3 faces methodological issues related to training on large web corpora. Finally, we find that GPT-3 can generate samples of news articles which human evaluators have difficulty distinguishing from articles written by humans. We discuss broader societal impacts of this finding and of GPT-3 in general.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computation and Language

Economic and Gendered Impacts of the Healthcare Workforce - Browne, Evie (2018)
There is general agreement in the literature that getting more girls into school and into higher education should lead to more women in the healthcare workforce, particularly focusing on getting women into better jobs. However, this is not supported by much explicit evidence. It is a causal assumption made by policymakers and donors. There is little evidence to suggest that women in the healthcare workforce have made strong contributions to economic development beyond that of the health sector as a whole. This may be because it is too difficult to separate out different demographic groups’ contributions. There is some evidence that women’s presence as workers and leaders has improved attitudes about women and is making some progress towards women’s rights. It is unclear to what extent this is due to efforts to increase girls’ schooling, as few studies examine this causal link. Women are battling an extremely patriarchal work environment and the literature makes strong recommendations that structural and institutional elements are improved, in order for women to reach their economic potential.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Evidence on Education as a Driver for Migration - Browne, Evie (2017)
This report synthesises two previous reports on drivers of migration, and focuses on the evidence on education’s role. The previous reports focused on education and migration in fragile and conflict-affected states (FCAS), and youth employment and education in low and middle income countries. The papers presented below reflect these original criteria, but reframe the studies to draw out the evidence on education as a driver. The report outlines the evidence on when and whether education services make a difference to people’s reasons for moving. This report includes rural-urban migration, regional and international migration, and migration away from fragile and conflict-affected states (FCAS). It does not consider migration that is primarily economic, whether regular or irregular.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Evidence on formative classroom assessment for learning - Browne, Evie (2016)
This light-touch review of literature on classroom assessments (CA) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia finds that they are rarely implemented effectively. It is extremely common to find references to CA in policy documents but find that teachers do not use CA in the classroom. Sometimes this is because there is little institutional support for CA, few example materials, and no training, and sometimes this is because teachers do not understand or see the purpose of CA and continue to teach in a top-down manner. Most schooling systems in developing countries have a crippling emphasis on summative exams, and teachers often end up ‘teaching to the test’ whether they want to or not. Parental pressure plays some part in teaching styles, as teachers are under pressure to show parents that they are preparing their children to pass important exams which open the door to the next level of education. Teacher training chronically underprepares teachers for CA; in some cases not giving any training and in others only explaining how to fill in the government-mandated forms. On the other hand, there are examples in the literature of teachers intuitively using CA methods such as questioning, observation and homework, but not naming it as CA.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Gender Norms in the Western Balkans - Browne, Evie (2017)
The Western Balkans remains a region dominated by patriarchal gender norms. The biggest challenge for improving gender equality is changing the mentality of women and men towards traditional gender roles (Petričević, 2012). The literature consistently identifies social attitudes as a barrier to increasing gender equality. Many people are not aware of women’s rights or gender non-discrimination laws (Petričević, 2012). In several areas of gender equality, legal provisions are adequate and conform to UN and international norms. However, these are not always implemented or adhered to in practice, due to lack of capacity, knowledge, resources or social barriers. Standard indicators of gender equality include: female/male school enrolment; literacy rate; unemployment; maternal mortality; life expectancy; adolescent fertility rate; proportion of women in parliament1. Others include violence against women and girls; gender equality policy and legislation. Much of the literature recognises the need to include men and raise men’s awareness about gender issues. Most of the literature on the Western Balkans looks at interpersonal and household gender norms, such as girls’ access to school, women’s work and household decision making. There is also a strong literature on women’s political participation and violence against women and girls. This report provides a brief summary of the main gender issues in the region, as reported in the literature. It is not a comprehensive literature review, but a collection of resources which highlight the key points to consider on gender. Each country has a large selection of resources on its specific gendered issues, which can provide more detail. There is a companion piece to this report which focuses on the relationship between gender and conflict in the Western Balkans2. This report sketches the main parameters of gender in the region.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Challenges and Solutions of Higher Education in the Eastern Caribbean States. - Browne, Raffie A.; Shen, Hong (International Journal of Higher Education, 2017)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Translating Epidemiology into Policy to Prevent Childhood Obesity: The Case for Promoting Physical Activity in School Settings - Brownson, Ross C; Chriqui, Jamie F; Burgeson, Charlene R; Fisher, Megan C; Ness, Roberta B (Annals of Epidemiology, 2010)
Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem, resulting from energy imbalance (when the intake of energy is greater than the amount of energy expended through physical activity). Numerous health authorities have identified policy interventions as promising strategies for creating population-wide improvements in physical activity. This case study focuses on energy expenditure through physical activity (with a particular emphasis on school-based physical education [PE]). Policy-relevant evidence for promoting physical activity in youth may take numerous forms including epidemiologic data and other supporting evidence (e.g., qualitative data). The implementation and evaluation of school PE interventions leads to a set of lessons related to epidemiology and evidence-based policy. These include the need to: 1) enhance the focus on external validity, 2) develop more policy-relevant evidence based on “natural experiments,” 3) understand that policymaking is political, 4) better articulate the factors that influence policy dissemination, 5) understand the real world constraints when implementing policy in school environments, and 6) build transdisciplinary teams for policy progress. The issues described in this case study provide leverage points for practitioners, policy makers, and researchers as they seek to translate epidemiology to policy.

Dissemination and implementation research in health: translating science to practice - Brownson, Ross C.; Colditz, Graham A.; Proctor, Enola Knisley (Oxford University Press, 2012)
Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic; Information Dissemination; Translational Research; methods

Dissemination and implementation research in health: translating science to practice - Brownson, Ross C.; Colditz, Graham A.; Proctor, Enola Knisley (Oxford University Press, 2018)
Keywords: Information Dissemination; Translational Medical Research; methods

Erwerbsmigration über die Westbalkanregelung: Hohe Nachfrage und gute Arbeitsmarktintegration - Brücker, Herbert; Falkenhain, Mariella; Fendel, Tanja; Promberger, Markus; Raab, Miriam (IAB-Kurzbericht, 2020)

Integration von Migrantinnen und Migranten in Deutschland - Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsabschlüsse hat positive Arbeitsmarkteffekte - Brücker, Herbert; Glitz, Albrecht; Lerche, Adrian; Romiti, Agnese (2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

An inclusive approach to searching for evidence on EdTech in low- and middle- income countries - Brugha, Meaghan (The EdTech Hub, 2020)
A blog post by Meaghan Brugha and Katy Jordan. A searchable database The EdTech Hub has undertaken a large-scale search for publications on technology use in education in low- and middle- income countries. During this process, we created an internal research database. This is searchable through the use of a variety of filters, such as …
Keywords: _C:Gambia GMB; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Portugal PRT; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence; _zenodoODE

In Bringing a Literacy Project to Scale, has Kenya Found a Holy Grail? - Bruns, Barbara (Center For Global Development, 2018)
An article of faith among development economists is that “evidence-based policy” holds the promise of faster progress. Barbara Bruns set out to find a rigorously evaluated pilot whose evidence had led to a program at scale. It wasn’t easy.
Keywords: _yl:b

Through the Looking Glass: Can Classroom Observation and Coaching Improve Teacher Performance in Brazil? - Bruns, Barbara; Costa, Leandro; Cunha, Nina (2018)
Keywords: _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Chile CHL; _C:China CHN; _C:Colombia COL; _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Ecuador ECU; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Guatemala GTM; _C:Honduras HND; _C:India IND; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Peru PER; _C:Philippines PHL; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; _yl:a

Through the looking glass: can classroom observation and coaching improve teacher performance in Brazil? - Bruns, Barbara; Costa, Leandro; Cunha, Nina (Economics of Education Review, 2018)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

Making Schools Work: New Evidence on Accountability Reforms - Bruns, Barbara; Filmer, Deon; Patrinos, Harry P. (World Bank, 2011)

Great teachers: How to raise student learning in Latin America and the Caribbean - Bruns, Barbara; Luque, Javier (World Bank Group, 2014)
Keywords: C:Latin America and the Carribeans

Der Flipped Classroom als Motor für Open Educational Resources? - Buchner, Josef; Höfler, Elke (MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung, 2019)
Keywords: _C:Austria AUT; _C:South Africa ZAF; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Teachers’ Professional Capabilities and the Pursuit of Quality in Sub-Saharan African Education Systems: Demonstrating and Debating a Method of Capability Selection and Analysis - Buckler, Alison (Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 2016)
This paper reports on the methodological approach of a study that examined an important dimension of the global challenge to better understand the ‘quality’ element of Education for All (EFA): the professional lives of women teachers in rural communities in Sub-Saharan Africa. Teachers from five countries (Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa and Sudan) provided a focus for exploring the relationship between official representations of teachers’ work and the professional lives teachers create and experience. Sen's (1999) capability approach was used as a framework for understanding this relationship and to produce two conceptualizations of professional capabilities for teachers generated by the official and teacher perspectives, respectively. These capabilities are organized around the pursuit of quality in teachers’ work. The paper explains how these two conceptualizations were determined, justifies four key aspects of the method used and highlights key insights into the teachers’ professional lives enabled by this approach.
Keywords: Capabilities; Capability approach; Education; Gender; Measurement

What Prevents Teacher Educators from Accessing Professional Development OER? Storytelling and Professional Identity in Ugandan Teacher Colleges. - Buckler, Alison; Stutchbury, Kris; Kasule, George; Cullen, Jane; Kaije, Doris (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Tutors working in colleges of education in sub-Saharan Africa are responsible for teaching, and inspiring hundreds of thousands of aspiring teachers, yet they have received little attention in the literature, often being depicted as a conservative cohort of professionals, unprepared for their role, yet resistant to change. This study reports on how 39 tutors from 8 colleges in Uganda see their professional role and their responsibilities. The research adopted a storytelling approach. Tutors were supported in developing a (true) story about their work that they felt would give previously untold insight into their profession. The stories were analysed through a professional identity lens. The group emerge as agentive and caring, committed to developing as teacher educators, but with a highly individual approach to their work. The nuanced understanding of tutor professional identity provided, facilitates insights into why professional development OER aimed at this group did not have the intended impact.
Keywords: OER; Professional identity; Storytelling methodology; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

The CTTP--An Innovative and Successful Caribbean Project Using Distance Learning - Buckley, Helen (Organisation for Co-operation in Overseas Development, 1992)
The Comprehensive Teacher Training Project (CTTP) was an innovative and successful Caribbean project in distance learning designed to assist prospective or untrained teachers to qualify for entry to training colleges, to produce four Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) "O" level courses, to develop a delivery and distribution system, and to promote the development of distance education in the region and abroad. The project has consistently worked to maintain a learner centered focus. Courses were developed in English, mathematics, social studies, and integrated science. Material in all four courses was print-based with anticipated audio and face-to-face supports. Courses were divided into self-study learning packages called modules made up of several lessons, with each lesson to be completed at one sitting. Based on recent experience, it is estimated that the part-time adult learner should take approximately one to one and one-half years to complete the English course, from one and one-half to two years to complete the Social Studies course, and two years to complete the mathematics and science courses. Internal evaluation of the entire CTTP has been very good to excellent despite various problems. Data on learner characteristics, performance and feedback throughout the field-testing period has been collected and analyzed for the module revisions process. Of 95 field testing learners who wrote CXC exams in June 1992, 47 passed. In addition to the examination results and feedback from learners, comments indicating satisfaction with the program are summarized in the conclusion. (JB)
Keywords: Academic Achievement; Adult Learning; Adult Students; College Entrance Examinations; College Preparation; Continuing Education; Curriculum Development; Distance Education; Elementary Education; Elementary School Teachers; English Instruction; Foreign Countries; General Science; Mathematics Instruction; Postsecondary Education; Program Descriptions; Social Studies; Student Centered Curriculum; Teacher Education Programs; _Added to LR; _T:reviewed

Academics who tweet: “messy” identities in academia - Budge, Kylie; Lemon, Narelle; McPherson, Megan (Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 2016)
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the growing use of Twitter in academic and artist practices. The authors explore commonalities, overlaps and differences within the reflections on the initial and ongoing motivations, usage and learnings the authors have encountered whilst immersed in this environment. Design/methodology/approach The authors locate the particular inquiry by drawing on the literature surrounding digital identities, academic literacies and digital scholarship. Departing from other studies, the focus is on a narrative inquiry of the lived experiences as academics and as artists using Twitter. Findings Academics use of Twitter plays a distinctly social role enabling communication that connects, and fostering accessible and approachable acts. It enables a space for challenging norms of academic ways of being and behaving. In addition, the authors draw conclusions about the “messiness” of the interconnected space that incorporates multiple identities, and highlight the risk taking the authors associate with using Twitter. Research limitations/implications Academic practice is ever changing in the contemporary university. This initial study of academic and artist practices and the use of Twitter suggests future developments including participants using similar questions to elicit notions of practice to engage in a deeper understanding of motivations and behaviours. Practical implications In using social media tools such as Twitter, individual academics and their practices are modified; the impact of this practice is visible. Originality/value The authors contribute to emerging discussions and understandings about academics, social media and identity. The authors argue that by participating in the use of Twitter, the authors are part of the collective process of challenging what it means to be an academic and artist.
Keywords: Academics; Artists; Identity; Narrative inquiry; Social media; Twitter

School Facet Through Surrounding Factors: A Geospatial Analysis of Community Social Capital Impacting Elementary Schools - Budhwani, Sajjid (University of Denver, 2020)
School performance rating is an important factor which not only provides a quick snapshot of how the students are performing on various measurement indicators but also decides a school’s future course of actions, strategies, resources, and its existence. Despite its significant importance, the school performance framework does not consider where the schools are geographically located and the surrounding factors within which they operate. The researcher of this study presented a landscape of the surrounding factors and its impact on the elementary schools within Denver Public Schools district. In this study, the surrounding factors are geospatially analyzed to determine the extent of spatial variation in the availability and accessibility of community social capital resources to the elementary schools. Using geospatial research methods, the researcher created three service area models for each elementary school to access community social capital resources that are available within its surrounding environment. Spatial concepts, tools, and inferential statistics were used to analyze spatial pattern and the relationship between the forms of community social capital resources and the elementary schools. As a result of this relationship analysis, a new term was conceptualized: School Facet through Surrounding Factors [SF]2.
Keywords: Community resources; Community social captial; Education and GIS; School surrounding; Social capital; Spatial equity; _C:Canada CAN; _C:China CHN; _C:Finland FIN; _C:France FRA; _C:India IND; _C:Israel ISR; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Philippines PHL; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Instant Messaging Tutoring: A Case of South Africa - Budree, A; Hendriks, T (2019 9th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (Confluence), 2019)
This research study was focused on determining the role social media, and in particular, instant messaging can have in providing tutor assistance to high school students. The study investigates the implementation of Dr. Maths, an instant messaging tutoring service that ran successfully in South Africa from 2007 to 2013. With the demise of the Dr Maths initiative, there hasn't been any further reconstruction of this sort. The results of this study strongly indicate that learners see value in having a tutor assist them with schoolwork, over the WhatsApp IM platform. This will allow for access to much required educational resources particularly in disadvantaged communities in developing countries such as South Africa. However, it is recommended that any solution implemented be as platform agnostic as possible to avoid a recurrence of the issue faced by Dr. Maths.
Keywords: Africa; Computers; Education; Final_citation; Instant Messaging; Instant messaging; Mobile handsets; Wireless communication; cited; developing country; existing; mlearning; mobile tutors

The future of work: Switzerland’s digital opportunity - Bughin, Jacques; Ziegler, Marco; Mischke, Jan; Wenger, Felix; Reich, Angelika; Läubli, Daniel; Schmidt, Minna (McKinsey, 2018)

The future of work: Switzerland’s digital opportunity - Bughin, Jacques; Ziegler, Marco; Mischke, Jan; Wenger, Felix; Reik, Angelika; Läubli, Daniel; Sen, Mita; Schmidt, Minna (https://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/overview, 2018)

The Impact of Teacher Effectiveness on Student Learning in Africa - Buhl-Wiggers, Julie; Kerwin, Jason; Smith, Jeffrey; Thornton, Rebecca (Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2017)
Teaching quality is known to be critical for students’ education and life prospects in developed countries. However, little is known about how teacher quality affects student learning in Africa. This paper presents the first estimates of teacher value-added from an African country, using data from a school-based RCT in northern Uganda. Exploiting the random assignment of students to classrooms within schools, we estimate a lower bound on teacher effects. A 1-SD increase in teacher quality leads to at least a 0.14 SD improvement in student performance on a reading test at the end of the year. Shifting teachers from the 10th to the 90th percentile of quality increases performance by 0.36 SDs –comparable to the most effective education interventions conducted in Africa. Our results also suggest that an increase in teacher quality can make other education interventions more efficient.
Keywords: C:Uganda; NULP; _C:Ecuador ECU; _C:India IND; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; _genre:PR-primary_research; interesting

Generating Evidence in Education: Impact Evaluations - Building Evidence in Education (2015)
This guide is the first in a series of publications on evaluations in education prepared for the Building Evidence in Education (BE2) working group. It provides an introduction to: the importance of sound research to inform education policy, the ways in which to design impact evaluations and issues to consider when generating them.

Blended learning implementation in secondary education for girls: case study Tatweer project Saudi Arabia - Bukhari, Eman Gasim (International Journal of Academic Research and Reflection, 2016)
Blended learning (BL) has been the subject of much research recently, and the present research adds to this growing body of knowledge as the first substantial study on BL in secondary education for girls in Saudi Arabia. Based on field work comprising interviews and questionnaires this research reports the results of an exploratory, empirical case study of a large-scale programme (Tatweer project) for the introduction of blended learning into 25 traditional secondary girls' schools in Saudi Arabia. Adopting the interpretive research paradigm the objective of the study is to gain rich insight into blended learning guided by the effect of BL on female education. The study demonstrates a number of positive effects of BL on students' engagement and self-development, however, problems with the workloads of students and the failure of teachers to integrate face-to-face learning with e-learning are also observed. Throughout the research Sharpe et al.'s (2006) 8-dimensional framework of BL is applied in a new way to assess the implementation level of BL. This results in the recommendation to extend this framework with an ethical dimension. Further recommendations of the work are to actively seek feedback from key stakeholder groups during BL implementation, to use BL for teacher training in BL, and to measure performance indicators like students' workloads during the transition of traditional schools to BL.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Distributed learning as a potential approach to distance education: prospects and challenges at Allama Iqbal Open University. - Bukhsh, Qadir (2014)

Exploring the Role of Distributed Learning in Distance Education at Allama Iqbal Open University: Academic Challenges at Postgraduate Level - Bukhsh, Qadir; Chaudhary, Muhammad Ajmal (Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 2015)
Distributed learning is derived from the concept of distributed resources. Different institutions around the globe connected through network and the learners are diverse, located in the different cultures and communities. Distributed learning provides global standards of quality to all learners through synchronous and asynchronous communications and provides the opportunity of flexible and independent learning with equity, low cost educational services and has become the first choice of the dispersed learners around the globe. The present study was undertaken to investigate the challenges faced by the Faculty Members of Department of Business Administration and Computer Science at Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan. 25 Faculty Members were taken as sample of the study from both Departments (100% Sampling). The study was qualitative in nature and interview was the data collection tool. Data was analyzed by thematic analysis technique. The major challenges faced by the Faculty Members were as: bandwidth, synchronous learning activities, irregularity of the learners, feedback on individual work, designing and managing the learning activities, quality issues and training to use the network for teaching learning activities.
Keywords: _C:Germany DEU; _C:India IND; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Turkey TUR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Datenreport zum Berufsbildungsbericht 2021 Informationen und Analysen zur Entwicklung der beruflichen Bildung. - Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (2021)

Die Agenda 2030 für nachhaltige Entwicklung - Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung

Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage: Anwerbung von Pflege- und Gesundheitsfachkräften durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Zentrale Auslands- und Fachvermittlung und die Bundesagentur für Arbeit im Rahmen des Projekts „Triple Win“, Bundestags-Drucksache 19/16732. - Bundesregierung (2020)

Rethinking school feeding: social safety nets, child development, and the education sector - Bundy, Donald AP (world bank publications, 2009)

Malawi GABLE Social Mobilisation Campaign Activities: A Review of Research and Report on Findings of KAP Creative Associates International Inc./USAID/Malawi. - Burchfield, S.; Kadzamira, E. (USAID, 1996)
Keywords: _C:Malawi MWI

What Works to Promote Children’s Educational Access, Quality of Learning, and Wellbeing in Crisis-Affected Contexts​ - Burde, D.; Guven, O.; Kelcey, J.; Lahmann, H.; Al-Abbadi, K. (Department for International Development, 2015)

Bringing Education to Afghan Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Village-Based Schools. - Burde, D.; Linden, L. (American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2013)

What Works to Promote Children’s Educational Access, Quality of Learning, and Wellbeing in Crisis-Affected Contexts - Burde, Dana; Guven, Ozen; Kelcey, Jo; Lahmann, Heddy; Al-Abbadi, Khaled (2015)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

What works to promote children’s educational access, quality of learning, and wellbeing in crisis-affected contexts - Burde, Dana; Guven, Ozen; Kelcey, Jo; Lahmann, Heddy; Al-Abbadi, Khaled (Education Rigorous Literature Review, Department for International Development. London: Department for International Development, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

iPad Scotland Evaluation - Burden, K., Hopkins, P., Male, T., Martin, S., & Trala, C. (University of Hull, 2012)

Schools, skills, and learning: The impact of COVID-19 on education - Burgess, Simon; Sievertsen, Hans Henrik (VoxEU.org, 2020)
The global lockdown of education institutions is going to cause major (and likely unequal) interruption in students’ learning; disruptions in internal assessments; and the cancellation of public assessments for qualifications or their replacement by an inferior alternative. This column discusses what can be done to mitigate these negative impacts.

A shifting landscape: using tablets to support learning in students with diverse abilities - Burke, Anne; Hughes, Janette (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2018)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Transnational Black Feminism and Qualitative Research: Black Women, Racialization and Migration - Burkhard, Tanja J. (2021)

Where it's needed most: Quality professional development for all teachers - Burns, M.; Lawrie, J. (Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies, 2015)
Keywords: C:Fragile contexts; _C:Afghanistan AFG; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Bangladesh BGD; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Cambodia KHM; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Central African Republic CAF; _C:Chile CHL; _C:Colombia COL; _C:Congo XCO; _C:Congo, Democratic Republic COD; _C:Ecuador ECU; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:El Salvador SLV; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:France FRA; _C:Gambia GMB; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Guatemala GTM; _C:Guinea GIN; _C:Guinea-Bissau GNB; _C:Haiti HTI; _C:Honduras HND; _C:India IND; _C:Indonesia IDN; _C:Iraq IRQ; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Lebanon LBN; _C:Liberia LBR; _C:Madagascar MDG; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Mali MLI; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Myanmar MMR; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:New Zealand NZL; _C:Niger NER; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Norway NOR; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Peru PER; _C:Philippines PHL; _C:Rwanda RWA; _C:Senegal SEN; _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Somalia SOM; _C:Somaliland XSMLD; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:South Sudan SSD; _C:State of Palestine PSE; _C:Sudan SDN; _C:Switzerland CHE; _C:Syrian Arab Republic SYR; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Thailand THA; _C:Tunisia TUN; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Yemen YEM; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Where it's needed the most: Quality professional development for all teachers - Burns, M.; Lawrie, J. (Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies, 2015)
Keywords: C:Fragile contexts

Staying or leaving? Designing for persistence in an online educator training programme in Indonesia - Burns, Mary (Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 2013)
Keywords: Indonesia; completion; online learning; persistence; readiness

Technology in education - Burns, Mary (Background paper prepared for the 2023 Global Education Monitoring Report, 2021)
This think piece was commissioned by the Global Education Monitoring Report (GEM Report) Team to provide initial conceptual framing for the 2023 GEM Report, which focuses on information and communications technologies in education, or educational technology. The topics in this think piece were proposed by the GEM Report Team. As much as space permits, the think piece takes both a close up and wide-angle approachtechnology. The think piece focuses, as much as possible, on research outlining the educational benefits of technology and organises educational technology along three axes: (1) technology as a learning tool; (2) technology to deliver learning; and (3) technology to support learning, outlining the uses, benefits, challenges, and additional areas for research associated with each. It discusses the technology tools associated with each category and poses additional research questions that the GEM Reporting Team may wish to explore for the Global Education Monitoring Report.

School-based physical activity interventions and physical activity enjoyment: A meta-analysis - Burns, Ryan D.; Fu, You; Podlog, Leslie W. (Preventive Medicine, 2017)
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on increasing students' physical activity enjoyment. An internet search with several databases using the keywords “Adolescents”, “Children”, “Enjoyment”, “Physical Activity”, and “Schools” was performed yielding over 200 published studies. Studies were eliminated based on the lack of experimental manipulation (i.e., non-intervention studies), no assessment of physical activity enjoyment as an outcome variable, a lack of a control or comparison group, and no reporting of the effect estimate's variability (i.e., standard deviation, standard error, etc.). This procedure resulted in 10 studies being examined in the meta-analysis. Data were analyzed in the state of Utah, USA in 2017. The Hartung-Knapp-Sidak-Jonkman method for a random effects meta-analysis was employed with studies being weighted by inverse variance. The pooled Standardized Mean Difference=0.38 (95% C.I. [0.10–0.65], p=0.011). Cochran's Q test showed statistical significance (p<0.001) and the I2=76.6%, suggesting large heterogeneity across the 10 studies. Egger's regression model yielded an intercept coefficient that was statistically significant (bias=3.28, 95% C.I. [0.21–6.36], p=0.039), indicating the presence of small-study effects. This meta-analysis provides evidence that school-based physical activity interventions can be effective in increasing physical activity enjoyment in children and adolescents. However, the magnitude of the pooled effect was small-to-moderate and there was evidence for publication bias and large between-study heterogeneity.
Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Exercise; Meta-analysis; Schools

Achieving quality in early childhood education in the Eastern Caribbean depends on teacher preparation - Burns, Sheron C. (Early Child Development and Care, 2018)

Editor’s Comments: advancing research transparency at MIS quarterly: a pluralistic approach - Burton-Jones, A.; Boh, W.F.; Oborn, E. (MIS Quarterly, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Dr Math gets MUDDY: the "dirt" on how to attract teenagers to Mathematics and Science by using multi-user dungeon games over Mxit on cell phones - Butgereit, L.; Leonard, B.; Le Roux, C.; Rama, H.; De Sousa, M.; Naidoo, T. (The authors, 2010)
The current group of teenagers has been called many things – some of the terms unprintable in respectable publications. However terms such as the “thumb tribe” (because they can type faster on their cell phones with their thumbs than adults can type on a keyboard using ten fingers) and “gamers” (because they play computer games for hours, and even days, at a time) are indicative of the close relationship teenagers have with their cell phones and computers. This paper explores a project where multi-user dungeon games (MUDs) with a science and mathematical twist were deployed using Mxit (a popular instant messaging system in South Africa) on cell phones to encourage teenagers to learn more about math and science to practice math and science skills
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

COVID-19 in Higher Education Literature Database (CHELD V1): An open access systematic literature review database with coding rules - Butler-Henderson, K.; Crawford, J.; Rudolph, J.; Lalani, K.; Sabu, K. M. (Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 2020)
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected every sectoracross every corner of the world. The higher education sector is notimmune from the pandemic and is facing significant learning and teachingchallenges. The existing literature databases on COVID-19 are focusedon the medical elements of the pandemic. This manuscript documentsthe method for the creation of the first version of the COVID-19 in HigherEducation Literature Database (CHELD). Our aspiration is to provide anopen access resource to support future learning and teaching scholars togain timely access to pre-examined literature on higher education duringCOVID-19. This first version documents 138 manuscripts published oronline-first between 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2020. Using a rigoroussystematic review method, engaging in the PRISMA approach, qualityassessment using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and QualityAssessment Tool for Theory and Literature (QATTL), we offer a first glanceat the metadata of articles published on COVID-19 in higher educationduring the first six months of 2020. By providing an open access database,we see the opportunities for future research as boundless.

Collaboration and self-regulation in teachers' professional development - Butler, D.L.; Lauscher, H.N.; Jarvis-Selinger, S.; Beckingham, B. (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2004)

"Don't Be Too Polite, Girls!" Women, Work, and Vocational Education and Training: A Critical Review of the Literature - Butler, Elaine; Ferrier, Fran (National Centre for Vocational Education Research, 252 Kensington Road, Leabrook, South Australia 5068, Australia; E-mail: ncver@ncver, 2000)
Most of the research on women and vocational education and training (VET) in Australia and elsewhere that was published in 1987-1998 may be characterized as follows: (1) it was undertaken to inform or support policy decisions and is therefore framed by political and ideological agendas; (2) it is piecemeal; (3) it tends to consider women as "other" while normalizing the experiences of men; and (4) it lacks a perspective of "advantage" as opposed to "disadvantage." The literature on women and VET revolves around the following themes: (1) globalization and change; (2) social, cultural, and demographic changes; (3) policies, politics, and VET; (4) marketization of VET; (5) economic and social policies and practices for VET; (6) gender issues in VET; and (7) curriculum, pedagogies, and practices in VET. The literature on all these themes reveals a consistency in research findings and recommendations that seek structural systemic change in the VET system, including the political will to position equity as a central organizing feature. A scheme providing research grants for VET operating like the grants awarded by the Australian Research Council should be established. Grants should promote a vigorous, knowledge-seeking and inclusive culture in VET. (Fourteen tables/figures are included. The bibliography lists 279 references.) (MN)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; Adult Education; C:Australia; CLL:en; Continuing Education; Curriculum; Education Work Relationship; Educational Needs; Educational Policy; Educational Practices; Educational Research; Educational Trends; Employed Women; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Literature Reviews; Marketing; Needs Assessment; Policy Formation; Politics of Education; Postsecondary Education; Public Policy; Secondary Education; Social Change; Teaching Methods; Trend Analysis; Vocational Education; Womens Education; publicImportV1

Teacher assistant support and deployment in mainstream schools - Butt, Rosemary (International Journal of Inclusive Education, 2016)
Models of support for students with disability and learning difficulties in mainstream classes in Australia rely extensively on teacher assistants (TAs). Current models, however, inadvertently perpetuate low expectations because providing TA support can be one of the most restrictive supports offered in a school [Giangreco, M. F. 2010a. “One-to-One Paraprofessionals for Students with Disabilities in Inclusive Classrooms: Is Conventional Wisdom Wrong?” Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 48 (1): 1–13; Etscheidt, S. 2005. “Paraprofessional Services for Students with Disabilities: A Legal Analysis of Issues.” Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 30(2): 60–80]. In addition, the increasing instructional role of TAs in the classroom is concerning. Negative outcomes for students where TAs provide support have been noted [Giangreco, M. F., J. C. Suter, and M. B. Doyle. 2010. “Paraprofessionals in Inclusive Schools: A Review of Recent Research.” Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation 20: 41–57; Webster, R., P. Blatchford, and A. Russell. 2010. “Should Teaching Assistants Have a Pedagogical Role? Lessons Following the DISS Project.” Paper Presented at the BERA annual conference, September 1–4, University of Warwick, UK]. A qualitative case study was conducted in an Australia city over three years across four primary school sites to identify the issues and propose possible solutions. The study identified five different models of TA support and deployment. It was found support models used in mainstream schools were generally inequitable – if students did not have a disability or learning difficulty they received instruction primarily from a qualified teacher, but if students had a disability or learning difficulty, they received instruction from a TA who may have had no qualifications, no involvement in planning, limited supervision and unclear reporting; and no clear duty statement requirements. A more inclusive and more equitable model of TA support is discussed.
Keywords: Teacher assistant; deployment; inclusive education; mainstream; support

Narrowing the Digital Divide a case study of “learning by doing” approach to narrowing the Digital Divide in East Africa (Kenya) by Dubai Women's College students - Butt, Z; Chaudhri, AA; Nassiri, N (2013)
It is globally assumed that improvements in Information Communication Technology (ICT) will enforce a better global communication; improve business processes and commercial activities, thereby leading to superior standards of living for individuals while benefitting society. This paper narrates the experiences of fifteen HCT students who visited Kenya in an attempt to narrow the existing “Digital Divide” by building computer networking labs in some of the vocational institutes in remote East Africa. This paper encapsulates key reflections of the study tour participants who embraced a “learning by doing” model in order to gain valuable international work experience and narrow the digital divide in four educational institutes in Kenya. The success of this initiative mandates that we document the learning from this experience in order to ensure success and sustainability of future projects of similar calibre. We believe the process of conducting “international field-trips” followed by reflections formulating lessons learnt from these trips will be useful for future volunteers.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:East Africa; C:Kenya; CA:AandC; CL:en; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:access; F:learning; F:women; P:economy; Q:digital divide; Q:digital technology; R:case study; T:TVET; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found