TY - RPRT TI - Short summary report for Realdania AU - Wargocki, Pawel AB - Summary of the research on how thermal, air quality, noise reduction, lighting, and daylighting improvements in classrooms benefit children’s educational attainments DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 PB - International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Optimising thermostat settings in school and office buildings for thermal comfort, cognitive performance and energy efficiency AU - Wyon, David P. AU - Wargocki, Pawel DA - 2021/06// PY - 2021 DP - Google Scholar KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - ⛔ No DOI found ER - TY - RPRT TI - The full report of Realdania AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Wyon, David P AB - This report summarises published research on how children’s performance of schoolwork in primary and secondary schools and their subsequent educational attainments are affected by classroom temperature, air quality, noise, and lighting. The main conclusions (Items 1-20) are set out below as unequivocal statements that are validated by the findings of the detailed reviews of research published that form the bulk of the report, or by the findings of research published since those reviews were written and in some cases published. Bibliographic references to the original research reports are to be found in each detailed review or in the list that appears below. To each statement has been added brief comments based on other relevant findings noted in the reviews. A short list of what is NOT yet known about the effects of each indoor climate factor is then appended (Items 5, 10, 15, and 20), the implications for energy conservation (Items 21-25) and priorities for future research in this area (Items 26-30) are suggested. This report’ssummaryisprovidedseparatelywiththecurrentrecommendations and requirements of indoor environmental quality conditions in schools. Four appendixes contain detailed reviews based on which the present report was prepared. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 PB - International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy. ER - TY - JOUR TI - Investigating the relation between electroencephalogram, thermal comfort, and cognitive performance in neutral to hot indoor environment AU - Lang, Xiaoyue AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Liu, Weiwei T2 - Indoor Air AB - The relation between electroencephalogram signals, thermal comfort, and cognitive performance in neutral to hot indoor environment was investigated. The experiments were carried out at four temperatures: 26ºC, 30ºC, 33ºC, and 37ºC, and two relative humidity levels: 50% and 70%. Thirty-two subjects were exposed for 175 min. The electroencephalogram signals were measured for 30 min 25 min after the onset of exposure while the recruited subjects performed neurobehavioral tests and rated their thermal comfort. The relative power of electroencephalogram signals has a significant correlation with thermal comfort and performance of neurobehavioral tests. The ratings of acceptability of thermal environment and thermal comfort, the speed, accuracy, and PI of completing the tests are negatively correlated with the relative power of δ-band, but positively correlated with θ-band, α-band, and β-band. The ratings of thermal sensation have a better correlation with the above four bands, but the correlation trend is opposite. A linear relation was found between electroencephalogram signals and the speed. The results showed that the relative power of P7 channel located in the occipital lobe is the most suitable as a single electroencephalogram channel to reflect joint thermal comfort and cognitive performance at high temperatures, especially its α-band. DA - 2022/// PY - 2022 DO - 10.1111/ina.12941 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - e12941 LA - en SN - 1600-0668 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ina.12941 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:13:26 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - acceptability of thermal environment KW - cognitive performance KW - electroencephalogram KW - occipital lobe KW - thermal comfort KW - thermal sensation ER - TY - JOUR TI - The relationship between classroom temperature and children’s performance in school AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Porras-Salazar, Jose Ali AU - Contreras-Espinoza, Sergio T2 - Building and Environment AB - The present paper reports a meta-analysis of published evidence on the effects of temperature in school classrooms on children's performance in school. The data from 18 studies were used to construct a relationship between thermal conditions in classrooms and children's performance in school. Psychological tests measuring cognitive abilities and skills, school tasks including mathematical and language-based tasks, rating schemes, and tests used to assess progress in learning including end-of-year grades and the examination results were considered as indicators of children's performance Due to the lack of complete measurements, thermal conditions were characterized by measured classroom temperatures. To create the relationship, the fractional change in performance of psychological tests and school tasks was regressed against the average temperature at which the change was recorded; all published data were used regardless of whether the change in learning outcome changed significantly with temperature. For other learning outcomes, no relationship was created because the data were insufficient. The relationship derived in the analysis shows that the performance of psychological tests and school tasks can be expected to increase on average by 20% if classroom temperatures are lowered from 30 °C to 20 °C and that the temperature for optimal performance is lower than 22 °C. The relationship is valid only for temperate climates. It requires verification for other climates and extensions to temperatures lower than 20 °C and higher than 30 °C. DA - 2019/06/15/ PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.04.046 DP - ScienceDirect VL - 157 SP - 197 EP - 204 J2 - Building and Environment LA - en SN - 0360-1323 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132319302987 Y2 - 2022/05/28/19:46:47 KW - BE:Annotated KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - BE:temperature KW - Children KW - Cognitive performance KW - Elementary schools KW - Learning KW - Temperature KW - Thermal environment ER - TY - CHAP TI - Effects of Classroom Air Quality on Learning in Schools AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - Handbook of Indoor Air Quality A2 - Zhang, Yinping A2 - Hopke, Philip K. A2 - Mandin, Corinne AB - This chapter describes the evidence of the effects of indoor air quality (IAQ) on learning of children and gives an overview of the size of the effects expected. The results from the published experiments on the effects of classroom air quality on the performance of schoolwork do confirm that these effects are systematic and show that improving classroom air quality will have a significant positive effect on some aspects of learning, both on cognitive skills and academic attainment, as well as academic achievements and absence rates. Present studies show that to ensure classroom IAQ conducive to learning, CO2 levels (indicating the adequacy of ventilation) should be kept below 900 ppm at all times. It should be ensured that windows can be opened when needed, to improve classroom IAQ, and CO2 sensors should be installed to indicate when windows must be open (or any other measure to improve IAQ must be executed) if the CO2 concentration is too high and when they should be closed to conserve energy. CY - Singapore DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DP - Springer Link SP - 1 EP - 13 LA - en PB - Springer SN - 978-981-10-5155-5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5155-5_65-1 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:15:05 KW - Absence rate KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Learning KW - Schools KW - Sleep KW - Ventilation ER - TY - JOUR TI - The relationships between classroom air quality and children’s performance in school AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Porras-Salazar, Jose Ali AU - Contreras-Espinoza, Sergio AU - Bahnfleth, William T2 - Building and Environment AB - The data from published studies were used to derive systematic relationships between learning outcomes and air quality in classrooms. Psychological tests measuring cognitive abilities and skills, school tasks including mathematical and language-based tasks, rating schemes, and tests used to assess progress in learning including end-of-year grades and exam scores were used to quantify learning outcomes. Short-term sick leave was also included because it may influence progress in learning. Classroom indoor air quality was characterized by the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). For psychological tests and school tasks, fractional changes in performance were regressed against the average concentrations of CO2 at which they occurred; all data reported in studies meeting the inclusion criteria were used to derive the relationship, regardless of whether the change in performance was statistically significant at the examined levels of classroom air quality. The analysis predicts that reducing CO2 concentration from 2,100 ppm to 900 ppm would improve the performance of psychological tests and school tasks by 12% with respect to the speed at which the tasks are performed and by 2% with respect to errors made. For other learning outcomes and short-term sick leave, only the relationships published in the original studies were available. They were therefore used to make predictions. These relationships show that reducing the CO2 concentration from 2,300 ppm to 900 ppm would improve performance on the tests used to assess progress in learning by 5% and that reducing CO2 from 4,100 ppm to 1,000 ppm would increase daily attendance by 2.5%. These results suggest that increasing the ventilation rate in classrooms in the range from 2 L/s-person to 10 L/s-person can bring significant benefits in terms of learning performance and pupil attendance; no data are available for higher rates. The results provide a strong incentive for improving classroom air quality and can be used in cost-benefit analyses. DA - 2020/04/15/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106749 DP - ScienceDirect VL - 173 SP - 106749 J2 - Building and Environment LA - en SN - 0360-1323 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132320301074 Y2 - 2022/05/28/21:04:26 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Children KW - Cognitive performance KW - Elementary schools KW - Learning ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cognitive performance was reduced by higher air temperature even when thermal comfort was maintained over the 24–28°C range AU - Lan, Li AU - Tang, Jieyu AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Wyon, David P AU - Lian, Zhiwei T2 - Indoor Air AB - This study managed to create thermal comfort conditions at three temperatures (24°C-­T24, 26°C-­T26, and 28°C-­T28) by adjusting clothing and air velocity. Thirty-­ six subjects (18 males and 18 females) were exposed to each of the three conditions for 4.5 h in a design balanced for order of presentation of conditions. During each exposure, they rated the physical environment, their comfort, the intensity of acute subclinical health symptoms, and their mental load, and they performed a number of cognitive tasks. Their physiological reactions were monitored. The subjects rated T24 to be comfortably cool, T26 to be comfortably neutral, and T28 to be comfortably warm. Their self-­estimated performance did not differ between conditions but 12 of 14 objective metrics of cognitive performance decreased significantly at the elevated temperatures: compared with T24, their average cognitive performance decreased by 10% at T26 and by 6% at T28. At the elevated temperatures, their parasympathetic nervous system activity (as indicated by PNN50) and their arterial blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2) were both lower, which would be expected to result in reduced cognitive performance. The subjects also rated their acute subclinical health symptoms as more intense and their workload as higher at the elevated temperatures. These results suggest that where cognitive performance is the priority, it is wise to ensure a comfortably cool environment. The present study also supports the use of fans or natural ventilation to reduce the need for mechanical cooling. DA - 2022/01// PY - 2022 DO - 10.1111/ina.12916 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 32 IS - 1 J2 - Indoor Air LA - en SN - 0905-6947, 1600-0668 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.12916 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:13:33 KW - BE:RELEVANT ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perceived air quality and cognitive performance decrease at moderately raised indoor temperatures even when clothed for comfort AU - Lan, Li AU - Xia, Lulu AU - Hejjo, Rihab AU - Wyon, David P. AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - Indoor Air AB - This study investigated whether adjusting clothing to remain in neutral thermal comfort at moderately elevated temperature is capable of avoiding negative effects on perceived acute subclinical health symptoms, comfort, and cognitive performance. Two temperatures were examined: 23°C and 27°C. Twelve subjects were able to remain thermally comfortable at both temperatures by adjusting their clothing. They rated the physical environment, their comfort, the intensity of acute subclinical health symptoms, and their mental load, and they performed a number of cognitive tasks. Their physiological reactions were monitored. Their performance of several tasks was significantly worse at 27°C, and they reported increased mental load at this temperature. Skin temperature and humidity and respiration rate were higher, while blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pNN50 were lower at this temperature, the latter indicating increased stress. It is inferred that the observed physiological responses were mainly responsible for the negative effects on performance, as the subjects did not indicate any increased intensity of acute subclinical health symptoms although perceived air quality was worse at the higher temperature. The present results suggest that moderately elevated temperatures should be avoided even if thermal comfort can be achieved, as it may lead to reduced performance. DA - 2020/09// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1111/ina.12685 DP - Google Scholar VL - 30 IS - 5 SP - 841 EP - 859 J2 - Indoor Air LA - en SN - 0905-6947, 1600-0668 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.12685 Y2 - 2023/03/01/19:48:02 KW - BE:RELEVANT ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modeling the impact of indoor relative humidity on the airborne transmission of several respiratory viruses risk using a modified Wells-Riley model AU - Aganovic, Amar AU - Bi, Yang AU - Bi, Yang AU - Cao, Guangyu AU - Kurnitski, Jarek AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - CLIMA 2022 conference AB - There is good evidence supporting the airborne transmission of many respiratory viruses (measles, influenza A, human rhinovirus and the novel SARS-CoV-2). Relative humidity (RH) is an important factor in understanding airborne transmission as it may impact both airborne survival, inactivation by biological decay, and the gravitational settling of the virusladen droplets. This study aimed to estimate and compare the impact of indoor relative humidity on the airborne infection risk caused by these viruses using a novel modified version of the Wells-Riley model. To gain insights into the mechanisms by which relative humidity might impact airborne transmission infection risk, we modeled the size distribution and dynamics of airborne viruses emitted from a speaking person in a typical residential setting over a relative humidity (RH) range of 20–80% at a temperature of 20-21 °C. Besides the size transformation of virus-containing droplets due to evaporation and then removal by gravitational settling, the modified model also considers the removal mechanism by ventilation. The direction and magnitude of RH impact depended on the respiratory virus. Measles showed a highly significant RH impact that was as strong as the ventilation impact, as the infection risk was roughly the same at RH of 13.5 % and 6 ACH compared to a higher RH of 70 % and 0.5 ACH. For other viruses, ventilation dominated over RH. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, a very high RH of 83.5% was needed to reduce the infection risk. For rhinovirus, however, the high RH of 80% increased the infection risk. Within the acceptable range of RH of 20-50% indoors, our modeling showed that RH had practically no impact for SARS-CoV-2 and rhinovirus, while the upper RH significantly reduced the infection risk of influenza A at the lowest ventilation rate of 0.5 ACH. This relative impact of RH on infection risk became very weak at higher ventilation rates of 2-6 ACH independently of the virus types (except measles). In conclusion, we showed that in wellventilated rooms, RH range of 20-50% did not affect the airborne risk of influenza A, SARSCoV-2, and rhinovirus. DA - 2022/05/21/ PY - 2022 DO - 10.34641/CLIMA.2022.363 DP - DOI.org (Datacite) SP - 2022: EP - CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress LA - en UR - https://proceedings.open.tudelft.nl/clima2022/article/view/363 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:10:52 KW - BE:RELEVANT ER - TY - JOUR TI - Meta-analysis of 35 studies examining the effect of indoor temperature on office work performance AU - Porras-Salazar, Jose Ali AU - Schiavon, Stefano AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Cheung, Toby AU - Tham, Kwok Wai T2 - Building and Environment AB - Several relationships between air temperature and work performance have been published. We reanalysed the one developed in 2006 by Seppänen et al.; which is probably the best known. We found that even when significant, its prediction accuracy is very low (R2 = 0.05, MAE = 1.9%, RMSE = 3.1%). We consequently reviewed the literature and found 35 studies on the effects of temperature on office work performance. We used Seppänen et al.’s approach to normalise the data reported in these studies and explored the feasibility to develop a new relationship using regression models, models based on the Maximal Adaptability framework, and machine learning. We could not find a relationship between temperature and office work performance neither for the range of temperatures measured in most of the office buildings (20 °C–30 °C) or a wider range (18 °C–34 °C). Plausible reasons are discussed including the variety of methods used to assess performance, the multiple uncontrolled confounders, and the fact that temperature alone may not fully describe how the thermal environment affects building occupants. We do not recommend the use in practice of any of the models relating temperature to office work performance examined in the present study. The lack of relationships does not necessarily refute that temperature affects the performance of office work. Coordinated research predicated on a shared protocol enabling integrated analysis in the modelling of the relationships between the indoor thermal environment and office work performance is proposed to be carried out before using them in practice. We made the database open-source and developed an application for data exploring. DA - 2021/10/01/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108037 DP - ScienceDirect VL - 203 SP - 108037 J2 - Building and Environment LA - en SN - 0360-1323 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036013232100439X Y2 - 2022/05/31/08:30:54 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - Cognitive performance KW - Indoor air temperature KW - Offices KW - Productivity KW - Thermal environment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of the TAIL rating scheme for indoor environmental quality in schools AU - Tran, Minh-Tien AU - Wei, Wenjuan AU - Dassonville, Claire AU - Mandin, Corinne AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Hequet, Valérie T2 - CLIMA 2022 conference AB - The TAIL rating scheme was developed to assess indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in offices and hotels undergoing deep renovation and was recently extended by the PredicTAIL method allowing prediction of IEQ through modeling. TAIL provides the methodology for rating the quality of the thermal, acoustic, and luminous environments, the indoor air quality, and the overall quality of the indoor environment. The present work is an extension of the use of TAIL rating scheme for school classrooms to provide necessary information for effective actions and mitigation measures to improve classroom IEQ. The TAIL was invented by examining the literature and certification schemes to identify the parameters that characterize IEQ in offices and hotels; 12 parameters were selected. A similarly pragmatic approach is followed when developing the TAIL for schools. The literature published after 2010 was surveyed to identify papers presenting measurements of IEQ in classrooms in Europe, the USA, and Australia; 75 papers were identified. Besides the 12 parameters already included in TAIL, the studies also used other parameters to characterize classroom IEQ. These parameters will be evaluated for their importance for the teaching, learning, and well-being of pupils, as well as measuring complexity, among others. Based on this assessment, the relevant parameters will be selected for inclusion in the TAIL rating for schools. The selection will be assisted using the measurements from the extensive campaign organized by the Indoor Air Quality Observatory in 308 schools and 602 classrooms in France; some of these data will be used to assess the efficacy of the TAIL for schools indicator. The relationships between the newly developed TAIL for schools, the teacher’s perceptions of indoor environmental quality, and detailed building characteristics will be studied. DA - 2022/05/19/ PY - 2022 DO - 10.34641/CLIMA.2022.244 DP - DOI.org (Datacite) SP - 2022: EP - CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress LA - en UR - https://proceedings.open.tudelft.nl/clima2022/article/view/244 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:11:09 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - auto_merged ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reducing classroom temperature in a tropical climate improved the thermal comfort and the performance of elementary school pupils AU - Porras-Salazar, Jose Ali AU - Wyon, David P. AU - Piderit-Moreno, Beatriz AU - Contreras-Espinoza, Sergio AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - Indoor Air AB - A two-­week-l­ong intervention study was performed in two classrooms in an elementary school in Costa Rica. Split-­cooling air-­conditioning (AC) units were installed in both classrooms. During the first week, the air temperature was reduced in one classroom while in the other (placebo) classroom the fans were operated but no cooling was provided. During the second week, the conditions were exchanged to create a 2 × 2 crossover design in which each pupil was their own control. A total of 37 children performed tasks similar to school work and completed questionnaires reporting their thermal sensation and perceptions. Operating the AC units reduced classroom temperature by about 5 K, from about 30 to 25°C. Thermal sensations changed from hot to neutral and slightly cold, and the percentage of children rating the thermal conditions as acceptable increased significantly. Neutral temperature was estimated to be about 27°C. The 11-­year-­old children performed the language and logical-­ thinking tasks significantly better in terms of speed at the lower temperature, while the less able pupils performed better on all tasks at the lower temperature. There were no significant effects on accuracy. These results confirm published findings from moderate climates and extend their validity to the tropics. They indicate that acclimatization can increase the optimal temperature for learning. DA - 2018/11// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1111/ina.12501 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 892 EP - 904 J2 - Indoor Air LA - en SN - 09056947 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ina.12501 Y2 - 2022/06/01/13:25:32 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - children KW - performance KW - school KW - thermal environment KW - tropical climates ER - TY - JOUR TI - A survey of bedroom ventilation types and the subjective sleep quality associated with them in Danish housing AU - Liao, Chenxi AU - Akimoto, Mizuho AU - Bivolarova, Mariya Petrova AU - Sekhar, Chandra AU - Laverge, Jelle AU - Fan, Xiaojun AU - Lan, Li AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - Science of The Total Environment AB - We performed a survey of the types of bedroom ventilation in Danish dwellings (January–February 2020) and the associated subjective sleep quality. Five hundred and seventeen people responded. Their median age was 33 years old and 55.4% of them were males. We used an online questionnaire and collected information on the type of bedroom ventilation, bedroom airing behaviour by the respondents, the bedroom environment, building surroundings and location, and sleep disturbance caused by stuffy air, noise, and the thermal environment. Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); its median among respondents was >5 indicating reduced sleep quality. 35.4% of the bedrooms had mechanical, 24.6% exhaust, and 40.0% natural ventilation. Sleeping in a bedroom with mechanical ventilation tended to reduce sleep disturbance. The absence of mechanical ventilation and the presence of carpet in the bedroom were all associated with stuffy air causing sleep disturbance, which was the second most sleep disturbing factor. PSQI increased significantly with increased sleep disturbance. People who reported that their sleep was disturbed by stuffy air or “too warm” conditions opened windows frequently during the day or night, but no association was found between PSQI and bedroom airing behaviours. Our results are valid for the heating season and the survey would have to be repeated in the non-heating season to permit generalization of the findings. The results present associations and are qualitative, so field measurements are necessary to validate the present observations and provide further explanations. DA - 2021/12/01/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149209 DP - ScienceDirect VL - 798 SP - 149209 J2 - Science of The Total Environment LA - en SN - 0048-9697 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721042820 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:15:57 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - Noise KW - Occupant behaviour KW - PSQI KW - Sleep disturbance KW - Stuffy air KW - Thermal comfort ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of airing behaviours on bedroom air pollutants during sleep AU - Liao, Chenxi AU - Fan, Xiaojun AU - Petrova Bivolarova, Mariya AU - Mainka, Anna AU - Sekhar, Chandra AU - Laverge, Jelle AU - Lan, Li AU - Akimoto, Mizuho AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - CLIMA 2022 conference AB - Higher ventilation rates were verified to have a positive impact on indoor air quality and therefore benefit sleep quality. However, how does ventilation influence bedroom air quality if the outdoor air quality is poor? Whilst ventilation helps to reduce indoor pollution it inadvertently brings outdoor pollution indoors, such as NO2, which is from vehicular emission. In this study, we collected the info of window and door status during sleep and measured carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) among 38 bedrooms while occupants were sleeping during nights. Meanwhile, the air change rate (ACR) was calculated. The experiments were conducted in the heating season (September to December 2020) in the capital region of Denmark. The median values were 981.8 ppm (mean CO2 level during sleep), 0.6 h-1 (ACR), 3.4 µg·m−3 (NO2), 166.2 µg·m−3 (VOCs), 11.0 µg·m-3 (PM10) and 2.8 µg·m-3 (PM2.5). CO2 levels were positively correlated with VOCs levels, whereas negatively correlated with NO2 levels in bedrooms. ACR was also negatively correlated with VOCs. CO2 levels were significantly higher whereas NO2 levels were lower with both window and door closed compared to them with either window or door open. With higher ventilation rates, while occupants would be less exposed to indoor pollution of VOCs, they would be increasingly exposed to NO2. Future studies of bedroom ventilation and sleep quality should consider outdoor air quality. DA - 2022/05/13/ PY - 2022 DO - 10.34641/CLIMA.2022.128 DP - DOI.org (Datacite) SP - 2022: EP - CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress LA - en UR - https://proceedings.open.tudelft.nl/clima2022/article/view/128 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:11:31 KW - BE:RELEVANT ER - TY - RPRT TI - Improving Learning Through Classroom Experience in East Africa: Temperature, Lighting, and Sound Quality – Inception report AU - Haßler, Björn AU - Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel Ana AU - Macharia, Grace AU - Toyinbo, Oluyemi AU - Nambatya, Mauricia AU - Mtebe, Joel AU - Schaffer, Jens AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Adam, Taskeen CN - 0286 DA - 2022/12/15/ PY - 2022 LA - en M3 - Improving Learning Through Classroom Experience in East Africa PB - Open Development & Education SN - 1 UR - https://docs.opendeved.net/lib/44YQ4VEG KW - Author:OpenDevEd KW - _publish KW - _r:AddedByZotZen KW - _r:ImportedToMyEducationEvidence ER - TY - JOUR TI - The effects of ventilation and temperature on sleep quality and next-day work performance: pilot measurements in a climate chamber AU - Fan, Xiaojun AU - Shao, Huiqi AU - Sakamoto, Mitsuharu AU - Kuga, Kazuki AU - Lan, Li AU - Wyon, David P. AU - Ito, Kazuhide AU - Bivolarova, Mariya P. AU - Liao, Chenxi AU - Wargocki, Pawel T2 - Building and Environment AB - Ten healthy young adults slept one by one in a specially designed and constructed sleep capsule located in a climate chamber at two temperatures (24 °C and 28 °C) and two ventilation rates that ensured that the resulting CO2 concentrations were 800 and 1700 ppm. Subjectively rated sleep quality was reduced at 28 °C and reduced ventilation, while sleep onset latency was longer under these conditions. Sleep efficiency was lower at 28 °C. Subjectively rated fatigue and sleepiness decreased after sleeping under all conditions but less so after sleeping at 28 °C. The subjects indicated that their work performance improved after sleeping at 24 °C but not when ventilation was reduced and the temperature increased. Both objectively measured and subjectively rated work performance was worse after sleeping in the condition with increased temperature. The subjects felt warmer at 28 °C although the thermal environment was still rated as acceptable but the air in the capsule was rated stuffier, the acceptability of the air quality decreased and the rated odour intensity increased at this condition. The wrist skin temperature was always higher at 28 °C with reduced ventilation but only during the sleep onset latency period. The subjects felt slightly warm and rated the air stuffier when ventilation was reduced. The present results, albeit from a small exploratory pilot study, show that increased temperature and reduced ventilation both have negative effects on sleep quality, which may have consequences for next-day work performance. These pilot experiment results require validation due to the low number of subjects. DA - 2022/02/01/ PY - 2022 DO - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108666 DP - ScienceDirect VL - 209 SP - 108666 J2 - Building and Environment LA - en SN - 0360-1323 ST - The effects of ventilation and temperature on sleep quality and next-day work performance UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132321010568 Y2 - 2022/05/29/15:12:35 KW - BE:RELEVANT KW - Next-day work performance KW - Physiological responses KW - Sleep quality KW - Temperature KW - Ventilation ER - TY - JOUR TI - TAIL, a new scheme for rating indoor environmental quality in offices and hotels undergoing deep energy renovation (EU ALDREN project) AU - Wargocki, Pawel AU - Wei, Wenjuan AU - Bendžalová, Jana AU - Espigares-Correa, Carlos AU - Gerard, Christophe AU - Greslou, Olivier AU - Rivallain, Mathieu AU - Sesana, Marta Maria AU - Olesen, Bjarne W. AU - Zirngibl, Johann T2 - Energy and Buildings DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DO - 10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111029 DP - Google Scholar VL - 244 SP - 111029 KW - BE:RELEVANT ER -