TY - JOUR TI - A review of opportunities and challenges of chatbots in education AU - Hwang, Gwo-Jen AU - Chang, Ching-Yi T2 - Interactive Learning Environments AB - This study explores the trends of chatbots in education studies by conducting a literature review to analyze relevant papers published in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals by searching the Web of Science (WoS) database. From the analysis results, it was found that the United States, Taiwan and Hong Kong are the top three contributing countries or regions. In addition, most studies adopted quantitative methods in their research design, such as ANOVA (Analysis of variance), descriptive statistics, t test, and correlation analysis. ANCOVA (Analysis of covariance) was the most frequently adopted approach for comparing the performances or perceptions of different groups of students. From the analysis results, the greatest proportion of studies adopted guided learning, followed by no learning activities. It was determined that the studies related to chatbots in education are still in an early stage since there are few empirical studies investigating the use of effective learning designs or learning strategies with chatbots. This implies much room for conducting relevant research to drive innovative teaching in terms of improving the learning process and learning outcomes. Finally, we highlight the research gaps and suggest several directions for future research based on the findings in the present study. DA - 2021/07/18/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1080/10494820.2021.1952615 DP - Taylor and Francis+NEJM VL - 0 IS - 0 SP - 1 EP - 14 SN - 1049-4820 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1952615 Y2 - 2022/03/04/15:51:02 KW - Chatbot KW - artificial intelligence KW - chatbot in education KW - systematic review KW - trend analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chatbot-facilitated Nursing Education AU - Chang, Ching-Yi AU - Kuo, Shu-Yu AU - Hwang, Gwo-Haur T2 - Educational Technology & Society DA - 2022/// PY - 2022 DP - Google Scholar VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 27 KW - ⛔ No DOI found ER -