Application of Crime Risk Mapping Within the School Focus Area in Kota Kinabalu Using GIS

Crime is an inevitable social problem that is facing by most countries around the world. Criminal behaviour brings a significant negative consequence of urban development. A lot of changes will occur to the economic, demographic, political, cultural, technological and social because of urbanization. The rise in crime issues due to urban development lead urban schools to be threatened with criminal activity. Regarding this, school safety should not be compromised for schools in the city, especially in high schools. Lack of research on criminal issues from many disciplines, especially in Geography is one of the major cause of ineffectiveness in crime prevention. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system based on the use of computers for the purpose of obtaining, storing, analyzing and presenting spatial data. This paper focuses on the application of GIS as a tool used in geography for crime mapping. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations for high-risk crime mapping for schools in Kota Kinabalu area. The objectives of this study are identifying the type of crime in the study area and identify the behavioural patterns of the crime using GIS analysis. This study using the property and violent crime statistics data of Kota Kinabalu city for the year 2018 obtained from Sabah's Contingent Headquarters (IPK) in Kepayan. GIS analysis used in this study includes classification, interpolation using Inverse Distance Weight (IDW), buffering, and overlay. Based on the findings in this study, all zones in the study area are affected by property and violent crime. There are high schools located in areas with a high risk of property and violent crime Meanwhile, the high school that affected by both types of crime is Sekolah Menengah Agama Toh Puan Hajah Rahmah.