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The Hospitals / Residents problem with Couples (HRC) is a generalisation of the classical Hospitals / Resident problem (HR) that is important in practical applications because it models the case where couples submit joint preference lists over pairs of (typically geographically close) hospitals. In this paper we give a new NP-completeness result for the problem of deciding whether a stable matching exists, in highly restricted instances of HRC. Further, we present an Integer Programming (IP)...
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Recent controversy has led to calls for increased standardization and transparency in the methods used to synthesize climate change research. Though these debates have focused largely on the biophysical dimensions of climate change, human dimensions research is equally in need of improved methodological approaches for research synthesis. Systematic review approaches, and more recently realist review methods, have been used within the health sciences for decades to guide research synthesis....
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The current review addresses the validity of published meta-analyses in education that determines the credibility and generalizability of study findings using a total of 56 meta-analyses published in education in the 2000s. Our objectives were to evaluate the current meta-analytic practices in education, identify methodological strengths and weaknesses, and provide recommendations for improvements in order to generate a more valid and credible knowledge base of what works in practice. It was...
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Automation of the parts of systematic review process, specifically the data extraction step, may be an important strategy to reduce the time necessary to complete a systematic review. However, the state of the science of automatically extracting data elements from full texts has not been well described. This paper performs a systematic review of published and unpublished methods to automate data extraction for systematic reviews.
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This study aimed at accessing the impact of Covid-19 on Ghana’s teaching and learning. The study employed a Descriptive survey design in which 11 items Likert-scale type of questionnaires was administered to 214 respondents mainly students in the second cycle and tertiary institutions of Ghana. The study employed simple random sampling technique in selecting the respondents for the study. The study revealed some challenges students encounter in the close down of schools due to the outbreak...
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For students with disabilities, the process of school inclusion often begins with a move from segregated settings into general education classrooms. School transitions can be stressful as students adjust to a new environment. This study examines the adjustment of 133 students with and without disabilities who moved from a school that served primarily students with disabilities into 23 public schools in a large urban school district in the Midwest. These students and 111 of their teachers and...
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The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on increasing students' physical activity enjoyment. An internet search with several databases using the keywords “Adolescents”, “Children”, “Enjoyment”, “Physical Activity”, and “Schools” was performed yielding over 200 published studies. Studies were eliminated based on the lack of experimental manipulation (i.e., non-intervention studies), no assessment of physical activity...
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School building stock retrofit forms a key part of UK’s commitment to net-zero carbon target by 2050. However, with a changing climate, the retrofit of school buildings may have unintended consequences on classroom thermal environments and cognitive performance of children in non-heating seasons. This paper aims to quantify the impact of school stock retrofit in accordance with increasingly tightening energy efficiency regulatory requirements on cognitive performance of English children,...
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Machine learning presents opportunities for tracking evidence on climate change adaptation, including text-based methods from natural language processing. In theory, such tools can analyse more data in less time, using fewer resources and with less risk of bias. However, the first generation of adaptation studies have delivered only proof of concepts. Reviewing these first studies, we argue that future efforts should focus on creating more diverse datasets, investigating concrete hypotheses,...
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This article introduces the main outcomes of discussions at EDUsummIT 2011 by the specific Technical Working Group on Teacher Professional Development (TWG3). The focus was to explore how professional development of teachers may ensure that teachers are better prepared to use information and communication technology (ICT) to promote 21st century learning. The article is organized into three main sections: a review of key literature on professional development of teachers (TPD), in general...
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Eight recommendations to improve outcomes in maths for 7-14 year olds
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Apprenticeship in developed and industrialised nations is increasingly understood and practised as learning which connects workplace activity and formal study. The concept of 'expansive apprenticeship' defines frameworks for workforce development where participants acquire knowledge and skills which will help them in the future as well as in their current roles; 'restrictive' apprenticeships limit opportunities for wider, lifelong learning. In developing world economies, apprenticeships are...
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The adoption of immersive virtual reality (I-VR) as a pedagogical method in education has challenged the conceptual definition of what constitutes a learning environment. High fidelity graphics and immersive content using head-mounted-displays (HMD) have allowed students to explore complex subjects in a way that traditional teaching methods cannot. Despite this, research focusing on learning outcomes, intervention characteristics, and assessment measures associated with I-VR use has been...
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The twenty-first century has brought with it a growing variety of authentic and engaging learning environments. While significant portions of human learning still take place in traditional classrooms, researchers and educators have innovated several learning experiences that are embodied, project-based, inquiry-driven, collaborative, and open-ended. Furthermore, there has been greater acknowledgement of the varying timescales and contexts where meaningful learning takes place, as well as...
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The design of an automatic solver for mathematical word problems (MWPs) dates back to the early 1960s and regained booming attention in recent years, owing to revolutionary advances in deep learning. Its objective is to parse the human-readable word problems into machine-understandable logical expressions. The problem is challenging due to the existence of a substantial semantic gap. To a certain extent, MWPs have been recognized as good test beds to evaluate the intelligence level of agents...
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This commentary aims to discuss perspectives on narrative-centered learning and metaphors of AI-based learning environments. To this end, the commentary draws from James Lester’s keynote and an interview with a focus on the narrative element that underlies the use of AI in Learning. In both texts, Lester offers an account of the narrative-centered learning environments that he has been developing with his research group. One example of such environments is Crystal Island, an AI-based game...
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As “scientists in the crib,” children learn through curiosity, tirelessly seeking novelty and information as they interact—really, play—with both physical objects and the people around them. This flexible capacity to learn about the world through intrinsically motivated interaction continues throughout life. How would we engineer an artificial, autonomous agent that learns in this way – one that flexibly interacts with its environment, and others within it, in order to learn as humans do? In...
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