(untitled) - Piper (2016)
Keywords: auto_merged

Digital technologies in support of students learning in Higher Education: literature review - Pinto, Marta; Leite, Carlinda (Digital Education Review, 2020)
Autorías: Marta Pinto, Carlinda Leite. Localización: Digital Education Review. Nº. 37, 2020. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.
Keywords: _genre:LR-literature_review

Survey research methodology in management information systems: an assessment - Pinsonneault, A; Kraemer, K (Journal of Management Information Systems, 1993)

Education access for all - Pinnock, Helen; Hodgkin, Marian (Forced Migration Review, 2010)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

COVID-19’s Effect on Students: How School Counselors Rise to the Rescue - Pincus, Robert; Hannor-Walker, TeShaunda; Wright, Leonis S; Justice, Judith (NASSP Bulletin, 2020)
The COVID-19 global pandemic has brought about many changes to our society, which will have long-term effects for our youth and adolescents. Due to social isolation and adverse childhood experiences, there are concerns of suicidality, technology addiction, and school safety as schools attempt to transition to a state of normalcy in the months to come. This crisis will require coordinated efforts to assist students in not only getting back on track academically but also in helping students cope with the trauma they have and are continuing to experience. As a result, insights from school counselors can be used to obtain a better understanding of the social and emotional effects of COVID-19 by collaborating with administrators to emphasize using school counselors as a mental health provider in schools. The authors highlight school counselors’ mental health training and their role in combating this issue and provide practical applications that can employed to create a systemic approach for social and emotional prevention and intervention during and after the pandemic.

Computerized Speechreading Training for Deaf Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial - Pimperton, Hannah; Kyle, Fiona; Hulme, Charles; Harris, Margaret; Beedie, Indie; Ralph-Lewis, Amelia; Worster, Elizabeth; Rees, Rachel; Donlan, Chris; MacSweeney, Mairéad (Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2019)
Purpose We developed and evaluated in a randomized controlled trial a computerized speechreading training program to determine (a) whether it is possible to train speechreading in deaf children and (b) whether speechreading training results in improvements in phonological and reading skills. Previous studies indicate a relationship between speechreading and reading skill and further suggest this relationship may be mediated by improved phonological representations. This is important since many deaf children find learning to read to be very challenging. Method Sixty-six deaf 5- to 7-year-olds were randomized into speechreading and maths training arms. Each training program was composed of a 10-min sessions a day, 4 days a week for 12 weeks. Children were assessed on a battery of language and literacy measures before training, immediately after training, and 3 months and 11 months after training. Results We found no significant benefits for participants who completed the speechreading training, compared to those who completed the maths training, on the speechreading primary outcome measure. However, significantly greater gains were observed in the speechreading training group on one of the secondary measures of speechreading. There was also some evidence of beneficial effects of the speechreading training on phonological representations; however, these effects were weaker. No benefits were seen to word reading. Conclusions Speechreading skill is trainable in deaf children. However, to support early reading, training may need to be longer or embedded in a broader literacy program. Nevertheless, a training tool that can improve speechreading is likely to be of great interest to professionals working with deaf children. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8856356
Keywords: _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Spain ESP; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Jika iMfundo: a South African study of ‘turning education around’through improved curriculum coverage - Pillay, Venitha (Professional Development in Education, 2020)
Keywords: _C:Australia AUS; _C:Cameroon CMR; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Zambia ZMB; _C:Zimbabwe ZWE; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets - Pietro, Di
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Digital Literacy Research from an International and Comparative Point of View - Pietrass, Manuela (Research in Comparative and International Education, 2007)
The fear of a growing digital divide between those having access to the Internet and those who do not results from the still uneven distribution of digital media. Though the number of Internet users is rapidly growing, there is evidence for the further existence of a digital divide caused by the lack of digital literacy. Thus, the digital divide cannot be closed by access alone and becomes a matter of media education. To find appropriate methods for increasing digital literacy demands knowledge about the ways users deal with computers and the Internet. This knowledge is gained by empirical research in different formal and non-formal contexts of computer and Internet use. This introductory article to a special issue of Research in Comparative and International Education devoted to ‘Digital Literacy Research’ gives an insight into international data on Internet use and outlines a theoretical framework of digital literacy. It also discusses the single studies collected in the special issue. It shows that further research will profit by an international and comparative approach which considers national, cultural, social and age differences between the users.

Systematic review finds overlapping reviews were not mentioned in every other overview - Pieper, Dawid; Antoine, Sunya-Lee; Mathes, Tim; Neugebauer, Edmund A. M.; Eikermann, Michaela (Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2014)
Objectives The objective of this study was to determine if the authors mention overlapping reviews in overviews (reviews of reviews). In addition, we aimed to calculate the actual overlap in published overviews using newly introduced, validated measures. Study Design and Settings We systematically searched for overviews from 2009 to 2011. Reviews included in the overviews were obtained. Tables (review×primary publication) were generated for each overview. The first occurrence of a primary publication is defined as the index publication. We calculated the “corrected covered area” (CCA) as a measure of overlap by dividing the frequency of repeated occurrences of the index publication in other reviews by the product of index publications and reviews, reduced by the number of index publications. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate further differences in the overviews. Results Only 32 of 60 overviews mentioned overlaps. The median CCA was 4.0. Validation of the CCA and other overlap measures was in accordance with our predefined hypotheses. The degree of overlap tended to be higher in health technology assessment reports than in journal publications and was higher with increasing numbers of publications. Conclusions Overlaps must be reported in well-conducted overviews, and this can comprehensively be accomplished using the CCA method.
Keywords: Evidence-based medicine; Information science; Meta-analysis; Methods; Research design; Systematic review

The evolution of big data and learning analytics in American higher education. - Picciano, Anthony G. (Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 2012)
Keywords: Final_citation; ⛔ No DOI found

Teacher-Student Relationships and Engagement: Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Improving the Capacity of Classroom Interactions - Pianta, Robert C.; Hamre, Bridget K.; Allen, Joseph P. (Handbook of Research on Student Engagement, 2012)
Classrooms are complex social systems, and student-teacher relationships and interactions are also complex, multicomponent systems. We posit that the nature and quality of relationship interactions between teachers and students are fundamental to understanding student engagement, can be assessed through standardized observation methods, and can be changed by providing teachers knowledge about developmental processes relevant for classroom interactions and personalized feedback/support about their interactive behaviors and cues. When these supports are provided to teachers’ interactions, student engagement increases. In this chapter, we focus on the theoretical and empirical links between interactions and engagement and present an approach to intervention designed to increase the quality of such interactions and, in turn, increase student engagement and, ultimately, learning and development. Recognizing general principles of development in complex systems, a theory of the classroom as a setting for development, and a theory of change specific to this social setting are the ultimate goals of this work. Engagement, in this context, is both an outcome in its own right and a mediator of impacts that teachers have on student outcomes through their interactions with children and youth. In light of this discussion, we offer suggestions or directions for further research in this area.

Enhancing relationships between children and teachers - Pianta, Robert C. (Enhancing relationships between children and teachers, 1999)
Aims to provide school psychologists, child psychologists, and other mental health professionals working with children with the theoretical and technical basis for designing interventions that enhance relationships between children and teachers. The author draws on research in social development and relationship-systems theory to describe the role of child–adult relationships in the development of social and academic competencies and the potential of child–teacher relationships to promote healthy development. It is explicitly focused on the use of child–teacher relationships as a preventive intervention and the role of the psychologist as a consultant to the classroom teacher, the school, and the school district. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Academic Achievement; Psychosocial Development; Teacher Student Interaction

We asked 7,000 people how the UK should build back better – here's what they told us - Phoenix, Ann; Stevenson, Olivia; Morris, Siobhan (The Conversation)
The UK government’s plan to ‘build back better’ can only work if we understand what that means to different populations.

Teacher transfers from primary schools in Chama district of Zambia: Causes of the massive teacher exodus and its effects on learner’s academic performance - Phiri, Donald; Mulenga, Innocent Mutale (Multidisciplinary Journal of Language and Social Sciences Education (2664-083X, Online ISSN: Print ISSN: 2616-4736), 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Poor indoor climate: Its impact on health and life satisfaction, as well as its wider socio-economic costs - Phillips, William; Janta, Barbara; Gehrt, Daniel; Flemons, Lillian; Gkousis, Evangelos; Cole, Sam; Smith, Pamina; Hafner, Marco (2022)
Keywords: BE:Annotated; BE:RELEVANT

Improving teacher professional development for online and blended learning: a systematic meta-aggregative review - Philipsen, Brent; Tondeur, Jo; Pareja Roblin, Natalie; Vanslambrouck, Silke; Zhu, Chang (Educational Technology Research and Development, 2019)
In order to fully realise the potential of online and blended learning (OBL), teacher professional development (TPD) strategies on how to teach in an online or blended learning environment are needed. While many studies examine the effects of TPD strategies, fewer studies target the specific important components of these strategies. This study addresses that gap by conducting a systematic review of qualitative data consisting of 15 articles on TPD that targets OBL. Using a meta-aggregative approach, six different synthesised findings were identified and integrated into a visual framework of the key components of TPD for OBL. These synthesised findings are the base for the action recommendations which present specific and contextualised suggestions. Taken together, the findings can inform in-service teachers and trainers, together with further research and development efforts that are concerned with TPD for OBL.

Systematic review of current efforts to quantify the impacts of climate change on undernutrition - Phalkey, Revati; Aranda-Jan, Clara B.; Marx, Sabrina; Höfle, Bernhard; Sauerborn, Rainer (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015)
Malnutrition is a challenge to the health and productivity of populations and is viewed as one of the five largest adverse health impacts of climate change. Nonetheless, systematic evidence quantifying these impacts is currently limited. Our aim was to assess the scientific evidence base for the impact of climate change on childhood undernutrition (particularly stunting) in subsistence farmers in low- and middle-income countries. A systematic review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed and gray full-text documents in English with no limits for year of publication or study design. Fifteen manuscripts were reviewed. Few studies use primary data to investigate the proportion of stunting that can be attributed to climate/weather variability. Although scattered and limited, current evidence suggests a significant but variable link between weather variables, e.g., rainfall, extreme weather events (floods/droughts), seasonality, and temperature, and childhood stunting at the household level (12 of 15 studies, 80%). In addition, we note that agricultural, socioeconomic, and demographic factors at the household and individual levels also play substantial roles in mediating the nutritional impacts. Comparable interdisciplinary studies based on primary data at a household level are urgently required to guide effective adaptation, particularly for rural subsistence farmers. Systemization of data collection at the global level is indispensable and urgent. We need to assimilate data from long-term, high-quality agricultural, environmental, socioeconomic, health, and demographic surveillance systems and develop robust statistical methods to establish and validate causal links, quantify impacts, and make reliable predictions that can guide evidence-based health interventions in the future.
Keywords: openalex:cites; openalex:import; selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024; tagged

Indigenous knowledge on climate change adaptation: a global evidence map of academic literature - Petzold, Jan; Andrews, Nadine; Ford, James D.; Hedemann, Christopher; Postigo, Julio C. (Environmental Research Letters, 2020)
There is emerging evidence of the important role of indigenous knowledge for climate change adaptation. The necessity to consider different knowledge systems in climate change research has been established in the fifth assessment report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). However, gaps in author expertise and inconsistent assessment by the IPCC lead to a regionally heterogeneous and thematically generic coverage of the topic. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed academic literature to support better integration of the existing and emerging research on indigenous knowledge in IPCC assessments. The research question underpinning this scoping review is: How is evidence of indigenous knowledge on climate change adaptation geographically and thematically distributed in the peer-reviewed academic literature? As the first systematic global evidence map of indigenous knowledge in the climate adaptation literature, the study provides an overview of the evidence of indigenous knowledge for adaptation across regions and categorises relevant concepts related to indigenous knowledge and their contexts in the climate change literature across disciplines. The results show knowledge clusters around tropical rural areas, subtropics, drylands, and adaptation through planning and practice and behavioural measures. Knowledge gaps include research in northern and central Africa, northern Asia, South America, Australia, urban areas, and adaptation through capacity building, as well as institutional and psychological adaptation. This review supports the assessment of indigenous knowledge in the IPCC AR6 and also provides a basis for follow-up research, e.g. bibliometric analysis, primary research of underrepresented regions, and review of grey literature.
Keywords: _z:class:countries

Benchmarking the digital divide using a multi-level outranking framework: Evidence from EBRD countries of operation - Petrović, Marijana; Bojković, Nataša; Anić, Ivan; Petrović, Dalibor (Government Information Quarterly, 2012)
The paper proposes an innovative procedure for benchmarking the digital divide. The study demonstrates the potential of an outranking approach as an alternative to the commonly used ranking models based on Composite Indices (CIs). To fulfill the objectives of the benchmarking process, an ELECTRE-based (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité; Elimination and Choice Corresponding to Reality) multi-level outranking (ELECTRE MLO) method is developed. The proposed approach improves on previous methods of benchmarking the digital divide in two ways: by classifying countries into hierarchical levels of performance and by identifying corresponding benchmarks for less successful ones. The method is applied to 29 EBRD (European Bank for Reconstruction and Development) countries of operation. The results are visualized in the form of a relation tree, thus providing clear insights for policy-makers regarding how countries stand relative to each other.
Keywords: Benchmarking; Digital divide; EBRD countries; ELECTRE; Multi-level outranking

A rapid response to COVID-19: one district’s pivot from technology integration to distance learning - Peterson, Lana; Scharber, Cassie; Thuesen, Amy; Baskin, Katie (Information and Learning Sciences, 2020)
Purpose In March of 2020, Minnesota schools were mandated to transition to distance learning to slow the spread of COVID-19. The charge of providing equitable and appropriate remote learning to all students gave administrators, educators and non-academic staff a few weeks to completely redesign education. This paper aims to describe one district’s experience in planning and offering distance education and build precedent other educational leaders may use in future designs. Design/methodology/approach This case study documents how one rural K12 district leveraged their strong foundation of technology integration and created crisis remote learning solutions for its most marginalized student populations including special education students, English learners and financially disadvantaged students. Findings This study shares examples of how this district prioritized relationships and the well-being of students and staff and outlines practical strategies for equitable distance learning that should be considered during and beyond emergency remote teaching. Originality/value This paper provides just-in-time practical advice for K12 administrators and educators on navigating crisis distance learning.
Keywords: COVID-19; Case study; Crisis remote learning; Distance learning; Pragmatic guidelines; Technology integration; _C:India IND; _C:United States USA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Implementation research in health: a practical guide / edited by David Peters … [et al] - Peters, David; Tran, Nhan; Adam, Taghreed; Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research; World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2013)
Keywords: Delivery of Health Care; Health Plan Implementation; Health Policy; Health Services Research; Research Design; standards

Implementation research in health: a practical guide - Peters, David H.; Tran, Nhan T.; Adam, Taghreed (World Health Organization, 2013)
Keywords: Delivery of Health Care; Health Plan Implementation; Health Policy; Health Services Research; Research Design; standards

Implementation research: what it is and how to do it - Peters, David H.; Adam, Taghreed; Alonge, Olakunle; Agyepong, Irene Akua; Tran, Nhan (Bmj, 2013)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Implementation research: what it is and how to do it - Peters, David H.; Adam, Taghreed; Alonge, Olakunle; Agyepong, Irene Akua; Tran, Nhan (Bmj, 2013)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Republished research: Implementation research: what it is and how to do it: Implementation research is a growing but not well understood field of health research that can contribute to more effective public health and clinical policies and programmes. This article provides a broad definition of implementation research and outlines key principles for how to do it - Peters, David H.; Adam, Taghreed; Alonge, Olakunle; Agyepong, Irene Akua; Tran, Nhan (British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2014)
The field of implementation research is growing, but it is not well understood despite the need for better research to inform decisions about health policies, programmes, and practices. This article focuses on the context and factors affecting implementation, the key audiences for the research, implementation outcome variables that describe various aspects of how implementation occurs, and the study of implementation strategies that support the delivery of health services, programmes, and policies. We provide a framework for using the research question as the basis for selecting among the wide range of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods that can be applied in implementation research, along with brief descriptions of methods specifically suitable for implementation research. Expanding the use of well designed implementation research should contribute to more effective public health and clinical policies and programmes. Implementation research attempts to solve a wide range of implementation problems; it has its origins in several disciplines and research traditions (supplementary table A). Although progress has been made in conceptualising implementation research over the past decade,1 considerable confusion persists about its terminology and scope.2–,4 The word “implement” comes from the Latin “implere,” meaning to fulfil or to carry into effect.5 This provides a basis for a broad definition of implementation research that can be used across research traditions and has meaning for practitioners, policy makers, and the interested public: “Implementation research is the scientific inquiry into questions concerning implementation—the act of carrying an intention into effect, which in health research can be policies, programmes, or individual practices (collectively called interventions).” Implementation research can consider any aspect of implementation, including the factors affecting implementation, the processes of implementation, and the results of implementation, including how to introduce potential solutions into a health system or how to promote their large scale use and …

Covid has eroded progress by disadvantaged pupils in England, finds study - Peter Walker (The Guardian, 2021)
Research shows regional disparities, with some children in the north losing twice as much learning

Building capacity for professional development: the development of teachers as facilitators in Ghana - Perry, Emily; Bevins, Stuart (Professional Development in Education, 2018)
In low- and middle-income countries, cascade models of teacher professional development are often used as routes to educational reform. In these models, external agents deliver professional development, which is then disseminated by in-country facilitators. However, little is known about how to support facilitators of professional development, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, we report on a model of capacity building for professional development in Ghana. In the context of a large-scale programme of science teacher professional development, a group of Ghanaian teachers gradually assumed responsibility for professional development facilitation, working alongside experienced facilitators from the UK. Using interviews focussed on a storyline technique, we explore the experiences of the Ghanaian teachers as they reflected on their roles. We found the teachers’ epistemological beliefs about teaching were coherent with those of the programme and suggest that this may be an important factor in the success of cascade models of professional development. The teachers gained self-confidence and improved their knowledge and skills of teaching and of professional development facilitation. We propose that this is useful learning for all facilitators and that the model described here is one which is potentially useful for capacity building in other contexts.
Keywords: CPD; Ghana; Professional development; _C:Benin BEN; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:India IND; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Lesotho LSO; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Singapore SGP; _C:Somalia SOM; _C:Somaliland XSMLD; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; capacity building; facilitation; professional learning; science education

Developing Partnerships to Acquire Impact: The Role of Three Regional Centres’ Capacity Building Efforts for ODL Adoption in the Emerging World - Perris, Kirk; McGreal, Rory (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Partnerships are central to the awareness, implementation and development of open and distance learning (ODL). It is an attribute that is distinct in the higher education sector, where ODL has made a large footprint by dispelling the notion that university enrolment is reserved for a narrow and elite demographic. The Commonwealth of Learning (COL) operates to advance the uptake of ODL amongst the 54 member states of the Commonwealth. COL leverages its work through various channels, and the COL Regional Centres play a pivotal role as partners to COL and, in turn, to acquire new partners that may benefit from COL’s technical expertise. The Regional Centres, strategically located across the Commonwealth, engage primarily in capacity building for ODL. Their constituents include governments, institutions, and individual learners. This paper explores the role of COL Regional Centres to grow existing partnerships and to form new ones in the pursuit of ODL expansion. The formation of partnerships is understudied in the ODL space, yet it has been pivotal in augmenting the visibility and importance of ODL around the world. Drawing on data from an evaluation of three COL Regional Centres conducted at the end of 2019, and reporting on follow-up activities to the mid-point of 2021, this paper highlights how the RCs are achieving their mandate to engage partners and, in the process, have achieved short- and long-term outcomes since 2018. Findings provide insight into the effectiveness of RC activities, relative to the number of institutions and individuals reached, complemented with inputs from RC stakeholders, mostly comprised of RC staff.  Recommendations are offered, with the paper positing that the role of the Regional Centres should continue and expand to other areas of the Commonwealth premised on their ability to build and sustain partnerships through capacity building efforts.
Keywords: ODL; Partnerships; Regional Centres; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

King Arthur's Round Table: How collaborative conversations create smart organizations - Perkins, D. (Wiley, 2003)

Rediscovering the use of chatbots in education: A systematic literature review - Pérez, José Quiroga; Daradoumis, Thanasis; Puig, Joan Manuel Marquès (Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 2020)

Influence of Sun Shading Devices on Energy Efficiency, Thermal Comfort and Lighting Comfort in a Warm Semi-Arid Dry Mediterranean Climate - Pérez-Carramiñana, Carlos; González-Avilés, Ángel Benigno; Castilla, Nuria; Galiano-Garrigós, Antonio (Buildings, 2024)
The dry Mediterranean climate (BShs) is the European region with the highest number of hours of sunshine per year. The high annual solar radiation makes sun shading devices necessary to comply with current energy efficiency standards. However, these standards do not sufficiently consider their effect on the indoor lighting comfort of buildings. The objective is to qualitatively and quantitatively determine how movable sun shading devices jointly influence the energy efficiency, thermal comfort and lighting comfort of buildings in BShs climate. The scientific novelty of the work consists of demonstrating the limitations of the sun shading systems commonly used in southeastern Spain and determining the optimal technical solution in this climate to simultaneously improve thermal and lighting comfort. This research comparatively studies the influence of various movable sun shading systems on the daylighting and thermal performance of an educational building. This study conducted on-site measurements, user surveys and computer simulations to study how to improve the thermal and lighting performances of the building. This work demonstrates that interior solar shading provides little improvement in thermal comfort and reduces the cooling demand by only 25%. External movable sun shading improves thermal comfort and reduces the cooling demand by more than 60%, but only adjustable blinds or awnings achieve adequate and homogeneous illuminance values as they diffuse daylight. The paper concludes that energy efficiency standards should be modified to ensure adequate lighting comfort in buildings.
Keywords: energy efficiency; indoor lighting comfort; sun shading devices; thermal comfort; warm semi-arid dry Mediterranean climate

Diferencias por Género y Contexto Socioeconómico del Impacto de la Plataforma Adaptativa de Matemática. - Perera, Marcelo; Aboal, Diego (CINVE., 2017)

Evaluación del Impacto de la Plataforma Adaptativa de Matemática en los Resultados de los Aprendizajes - Perera, Marcelo; Aboal, Diego (Centro de Investigaciones Económicas, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of a mathematics computer-assisted learning platform on students' mathematics test scores - Perera, Marcelo; Aboal, Diego (MERIT Working Papers, 2019)
Since 2013, the Uruguayan educational system has been using an online adaptive learning tool for mathematics: The Mathematics Adaptive Platform (PAM for its Spanish acronym). PAM's content has been adapted to the national curriculum and it is a tool that - based on an analysis of students' experiences - offers personalised feedback according to each student's skill level. The use of PAM has been spreading throughout the education system. By 2016, approximately half of all students in 3rd through 6th grades of primary education had used the platform. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of the use of PAM on the test score gain in mathematics based on longitudinal data from a sample of students in primary education. The results show a positive effect of 0.2 standard deviations on mathematics test scores. Results also show that the impact of PAM increases as the socioeconomic status of students decreases. There is no heterogeneous impact by gender. This is the first evidence at a country-wide level of the impact of a pedagogical tool of this type.
Keywords: Evaluation of Computer Assisted Learning systems; Final_citation; Mathematics; Uruguay; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

Assistive technology interventions for adolescents and adults with learning disabilities: An evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis - Perelmutter, Bogi; McGregor, Karla K.; Gordon, Katherine R. (Computers & education, 2017)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; literature / systematic review

Determinação de zonas de conforto térmico por meio da análise comparativa entre diferentes métodos de caraterização de pessoas termicamente insatisfeitas - Pereira, Pedro Filipe da Conceição (Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2021)
Keywords: BE:LMIC; BE:RELEVANT

O Uso Pedagógico do Tablet no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia (IFRO) - Pereira, Dauster Souza; Bueno, José Lucas Pedreira (EDUCA-Revista Multidisciplinar em Educação, 2015)
Keywords: _C:Canada CAN; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Práticas pedagógicas com o uso dos tablets no ensino médio técnico do IFRO - Pereira, Dauster Souza; Bueno, José Lucas Pedreira (2016)
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Assessment of school Learning Continuity Plan (LCP) implementation: Basis for policy formulation - Peregrino, Lilia P.; Javillonar, Mark G.; Caballes, Dennis G.; Necio, Chona R.; Ramirez, Amor B. (Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 2022)

Education in Zimbabwe - Peralta

Getting the Facts Straight: Pergau Dam and British Foreign Aid - Perakis, Rita (Center For Global Development, 2012)
Why does Britain score consistently well in its approach to aid?

Call for solidarity with students - People's Coalition (C19 People's Coalition, 2020)
Click here to add your voice Educators, students, administrators, parents, student organisations, unions and concerned members of the public. Help us ensure that no one is excluded or left behind due to universities and other institutions’ push toward online and remote learning. The COVID-19 crisis places all in grave jeopardy. Yet, institutions of higher learning […]

Students’ Responses to Curricular Activities as Indicator of Coherence in Project-Based Science - Penuel, William R; Horne, Katie Van; Severance, Sam; Quigley, David; Sumner, Tamara
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Implementing the Next Generation Science Standards - Penuel, William R.; Harris, Christopher J.; DeBarger, Angela Haydel (Phi Delta Kappan, 2015)
The Next Generation Science Standards embody a new vision for science education grounded in the idea that science is both a body of knowledge and a set of linked practices for developing knowledge. The authors describe strategies that they suggest school and district leaders consider when designing strategies to support NGSS implementation.

Creating Research Practice Partnerships in Education. - Penuel, William R.; Gallagher, Daniel J. (ERIC, 2017)
Keywords: Final_citation

Organizing Research and Development at the Intersection of Learning, Implementation, and Design - Penuel, William R.; Fishman, Barry J.; Haugan Cheng, Britte; Sabelli, Nora (Educational Researcher, 2011)
This article describes elements of an approach to research and development called design-based implementation research. The approach represents an expansion of design research, which typically focuses on classrooms, to include development and testing of innovations that foster alignment and coordination of supports for improving teaching and learning. As in policy research,implementation is a key focus of theoretical development and analysis. What distinguishes this approach from both traditional design research and policy research is the presence of four key elements: (a) a focus on persistent problems of practice from multiple stakeholders’ perspectives; (b) a commitment to iterative, collaborative design; (c) a concern with developing theory related to both classroom learning and implementation through systematic inquiry; and (d) a concern with developing capacity for sustaining change in systems.

Research-Practice Partnerships and ESSA: A Learning Agenda for the Coming Decade - Penuel, William R; Farrell, Caitlin C
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Running Head: DISTRICT PARTNERSHIP TO IMPROVE ASSESSMENT - Penuel, William R; DeBarger, Angela Haydel
This chapter describes an approach to supporting and investigating teacher learning of formative assessment in middle school Earth science. The approach illustrates a framework for conducting research on and supporting instructional improvement at scale in partnership with school districts. In the project, researchers worked in partnership with teachers and leaders in a large urban district to design and test classroom assessment resources intended to improve the efficacy of district-adopted curriculum materials. The project tested the value the resources add to the curriculum in a small-scale, quasi-experimental field trial. This chapter highlights both the potential and challenges of research-practice partnerships for promoting district-wide improvements to classroom assessment, highlighting the ways the partnership supported efforts to create vertical, horizontal, and developmental coherence to a district’s assessment system.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Conceptualizing Research–Practice Partnerships as Joint Work at Boundaries - Penuel, William R.; Allen, Anna-Ruth; Coburn, Cynthia E.; Farrell, Caitlin (Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 2015)
This paper presents a conceptual framework for analyzing how researchers and district leaders perceive and navigate differences they encounter in the context of research-practice partnerships. Our framework contrasts with images of partnership work as facilitating the translation of research into practice. Instead, we argue that partnership activity is best viewed as a form of joint work requiring mutual engagement across multiple boundaries. Drawing on a cultural-historical account of learning across boundaries (Akkerman & Bakker, 2011) and evidence from a study of two longterm partnerships, we highlight the value of the concepts of boundary practices in organizing joint work and boundary crossing as a way to understand how differences are recognized and navigated. The framework has implications for how partnerships can surface and make productive use of difference in organizing joint work and for how funders can better support the work of research-practice partnerships.

Co-design as infrastructuring with attention to power: Building collective capacity for equitable teaching and learning through design-based implementation research - Penuel, William R. (Collaborative curriculum design for sustainable innovation and teacher learning, 2019)

Strengthening Infrastructures for Promoting Equity in Mathematics Education through Research-Practice Partnerships - Penuel, William R
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

A Phenomenon-based Assessment System for Three-dimensional Science Standards - Penuel, Bill
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Building a System of Assessment in a School System to Promote Equity and Epistemic Justice - Penuel, Bill
Efforts to imagine new possibilities for principled ways to align assessment with sociocognitive foundations of learning in social interaction and with instruction are limited by the absence of credible use cases that show how such systems can be developed and maintained within complex educational systems such as large urban school districts. Such a use case can be found within evolving joint work of a researchpractice partnership between a university and a large urban school district. The system we are building together focuses on the goals of informing and supporting the redistribution of educational opportunities in science classrooms (equity) and on supporting and repairing students’ perceptions of themselves as having agency as a knower and reasoner in their science classrooms and the community (epistemic justice). In this chapter, we describe different components and practices that work together to accomplish these aims: a curriculum with embedded assessments that allows students to figure out rather than be told core ideas; regularly administered exit tickets that elicit students’ experience of the classroom; and an instructional guidance system that is focused on iterative refinement of teacher learning opportunities to support student agency. We present evidence of teacher perceptions and uptake of these components and practices, to develop an account of what this particular case can and cannot tell us about the possibilities for designing assessment systems in a district that are thoroughly grounded in contemporary theories of teaching and learning.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Organizing Coherent and Equitable State Systems of Science Education - Penuel, Bill
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Using Co-Design to Test and Refine a Model for Three-Dimensional Science Curriculum - Penuel, Bill
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Validity Argument for Practical Measures of Student Experience in Project - Penuel, Bill
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The role and status of forced migrant teachers in education in emergencies - Penson, Jonathan (Commonwealth education partnerships, 2012)
Keywords: _C:Afghanistan AFG; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Eritrea ERI; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Grenada GRD; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Malta MLT; _C:Myanmar MMR; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Rwanda RWA; _C:Seychelles SYC; _C:Somaliland XSMLD; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Sri Lanka LKA; _C:Thailand THA; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:Zimbabwe ZWE; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Learning inequalities during the Covid-19 pandemic: how families cope with home-schooling - Pensiero, Nicola; Kelly, Anthony; Bokhove, Christian (University of Southampton, 2020)

Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Redesigned Classroom Space: A Qualitative Case Study - Pender, Kristin Lee (Old Dominion University, 2021)
Keywords: BE:RELEVANT

Immersive Virtual Reality in K-12 and Higher Education: A systematic review of the last decade scientific literature - Pellas, Nikolaos; Mystakidis, Stylianos; Kazanidis, Ioannis (Virtual Reality, 2021)
There has been an increasing interest in applying immersive virtual reality (VR) applications to support various instructional design methods and outcomes not only in K-12 (Primary and Secondary), but also in higher education (HE) settings. However, there is a scarcity of studies to provide the potentials and challenges of VR-supported instructional design strategies and/or techniques that can influence teaching and learning. This systematic review presents a variety of studies that provide qualitative and/or quantitative data to investigate the current practices with VR support focusing on students’ outcomes, performance, alongside with the benefits and challenges of this technology concerning the analysis of visual features and design elements with mobile and desktop computing devices in different learning subjects. During the selection and screening process, forty-six (n = 46) articles published from the middle of 2009 until the middle of 2020 were finally included for a detailed analysis and synthesis of which twenty-one and twenty-five in K-12 and HE, respectively. The majority of studies were focused on describing and evaluating the appropriateness or the effectiveness of the applied instructional design processes using various VR applications to disseminate their findings on user experience, usability issues, students’ outcomes, and/or learning performance. This study contributes by reviewing how instructional design strategies and techniques can potentially benefit students’ learning performance using a wide range of VR applications. It also proposes some recommendations to guide and lead effective instructional design settings in several teaching and learning contexts to outline a more accurate and up-to-date picture of the current state of literature.
Keywords: Final_citation; Human–computer interface; Immersive technologies; Simulations; Systematic review; Virtual reality; cited; existing

Schools going mobile: A study of the adoption of mobile handheld technologies in Western Australian independent schools. - Pegrum, M., Oakley, G., & Faulkner, R. (Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2013)

Artificial intelligence in education: Challenges and opportunities for sustainable development - Pedro, Francesc; Subosa, Miguel; Rivas, Axel; Valverde, Paula (2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Nutiseadmete kasutamise profiilid loodusainete ja matemaatika õppimise kontekstis - Pedaste, Margus; Must, Olev; Leijen, Äli; Mäeots, Mario; Siiman, Leo; Kori, Külli; Adov, Liina (Eesti Haridusteaduste Ajakiri, 2017)
Keywords: _C:Estonia EST; _C:Luxembourg LUX; _C:United Kingdom GBR; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Assessment For Learning Without Limits - Peacock, Alison (Open University Press, 2016)
This book explores assessment practices that offer an enlightening and enabling view of all learners. Following the demise of national curriculum levels the book embraces a unique opportunity to change how children are assessed. Rather than simply replacing the old structure with a new one it focuses instead on enabling children to learn in meaningful ways so that assessment becomes a tool for improvement rather than judgment. Building on two influential research studies Learning without Limits (Hart et al 2004) and Creating Learning without Limits (Swann et al 2012) the book continues the story of an alternative ‘learning without limits’ pedagogy. Inspired by a relentless focus on every child’s capacity to learn the book explores what can be achieved when we remove limits on learning. School leaders and teachers struggling against practices that seeks to define label and rank explore the opportunity to view assessment reform as a means of reducing inequity through ‘learning without limits’ principles of collaboration professional learning and inquiry. Children share their views and offer powerful insights into what may be achieved when limits are lifted on their learning. Consequently a liberating and alternative view of assessment is presented achieved through children and adults working in partnership. Throughout the book practical examples are offered illustrated by real life stories often about children who have achieved more than their teachers thought possible.At a time when schools are in pursuit of new assessment practices and reporting of progress the insights in this book about what is possible are highly pertinent for individual teachers school leaders and teacher educators wondering how best to foster children’s learning capacity.

Tools, tactics and methods to harness the power of people, data and technology to solve global challenges - Peach, Kathy; Berditchevskaia, Aleks; Bass, Theo (Nesta, 2020)

Reflections on the Contributions and Future Scenarios in AI-Based Learning - Pea, Roy D.; Lu, Yu; Niemi, Hannele (AI in Learning: Designing the Future, 2023)
This chapter reflects on the contributions of different articles of the book from various perspectives. Seven categories provide perspectives to reflections. Four of them are connected to different levels of the educational system, others opening scenarios to research on education and learning with AI, and finally the last category is devoted to ethical challenges of AI in education and learning.
Keywords: AI ethical issues; Artificial intelligence; Human learning; Lifelong learning; Machine learning

Four Surveillance Technologies Creating Challenges for Education - Pea, Roy D.; Biernacki, Paulina; Bigman, Maxwell; Boles, Kelly; Coelho, Raquel; Docherty, Victoria; Garcia, Jorge; Lin, Veronica; Nguyen, Judy; Pimentel, Daniel; Pozos, Rose; Reynante, Brandon; et al. (AI in Learning: Designing the Future, 2023)
“Ubiquitous AI”—embodied in cloud computing web services, coupled with sensors in phones and the physical world—is becoming infrastructural to cultural practices. It creates a surveillance society. We review the capabilities of four core surveillance technologies, all making headway into universities and PreK-12 schools: (1) location tracking, (2) facial identification, (3) automated speech recognition, and (4) social media mining. We pose primary issues educational research should investigate on cultural practices with these technologies. We interweave three priority themes: (1) how these technologies are shaping human development and learning; (2) current algorithmic biases and access inequities; and (3) the need for learners’ critical consciousness concerning their data privacy. We close with calls to action—research, policy and law, and practice.
Keywords: Algorithmic biases; Automated speech recognition; Facial identification; Location tracking; Privacy policy; Social media mining; Surveillance society; Ubiquitous AI

Special Education Teachers Job Satisfaction In Malaysia: A Review - Pazim, Khairul Hanim; Al, Et (Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 2021)
Job satisfaction of special education teachers can be enjoyed when the teacher is able to focus on teaching MBK and the student shows the proper development. This job satisfaction if achieved will increase the commitment of teachers in performing their duties. However, if job satisfaction is not achieved, then avoidance and neglect of responsibilities will occur. This job satisfaction is important in producing the work productivity of special education teachers at the best level. This study was conducted to review previous studies related to job satisfaction of special education teachers. It is hoped that the findings of this study can help future researchers to get a clearer picture related to this issue.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Realist review--a new method of systematic review designed for complex policy interventions - Pawson, Ray; Greenhalgh, Trisha; Harvey, Gill; Walshe, Kieran (Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 2005)
Evidence-based policy is a dominant theme in contemporary public services but the practical realities and challenges involved in using evidence in policy-making are formidable. Part of the problem is one of complexity. In health services and other public services, we are dealing with complex social interventions which act on complex social systems--things like league tables, performance measures, regulation and inspection, or funding reforms. These are not 'magic bullets' which will always hit their target, but programmes whose effects are crucially dependent on context and implementation. Traditional methods of review focus on measuring and reporting on programme effectiveness, often find that the evidence is mixed or conflicting, and provide little or no clue as to why the intervention worked or did not work when applied in different contexts or circumstances, deployed by different stakeholders, or used for different purposes. This paper offers a model of research synthesis which is designed to work with complex social interventions or programmes, and which is based on the emerging 'realist' approach to evaluation. It provides an explanatory analysis aimed at discerning what works for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects and how. The first step is to make explicit the programme theory (or theories)--the underlying assumptions about how an intervention is meant to work and what impacts it is expected to have. We then look for empirical evidence to populate this theoretical framework, supporting, contradicting or modifying the programme theories as it goes. The results of the review combine theoretical understanding and empirical evidence, and focus on explaining the relationship between the context in which the intervention is applied, the mechanisms by which it works and the outcomes which are produced. The aim is to enable decision-makers to reach a deeper understanding of the intervention and how it can be made to work most effectively. Realist review does not provide simple answers to complex questions. It will not tell policy-makers or managers whether something works or not, but will provide the policy and practice community with the kind of rich, detailed and highly practical understanding of complex social interventions which is likely to be of much more use to them when planning and implementing programmes at a national, regional or local level.
Keywords: Evaluation Studies as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Models, Theoretical; Policy Making; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; State Medicine; United Kingdom

TVET and community reintegration: exploring the connections in Sierra Leone's DDR process - Paulson, J. (International handbook of education for the changing world of work: bridging academic and vocational learning, 2009)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Lernortkooperation - Stand und Perspektiven - Pätzold, Günter (Berichte zur beruflichen Bildung, 1999)

Improving learning through classroom experience in Tanzania - Pattni, Ravina; Villavicencio Peralta, Xuzel; Toyinbo, Oluyemi; Proctor, Jamie; Forbes, Catriona; Atherton, Paul; Haßler, Björn (Laterite, Fab Inc, Open Development & Education, 2023)
This conference paper was delivered at UKFIET 2023 (Oxford). IT was a joint presentation between Laterite, Fab Inc, and Open Development & Education, as well as FCDO.
Keywords: _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Lant Pritchett on 5 Ways We Can Learn From Biology to Shift Education Systems - Pattillo, Kat (Medium, 2020)
An intro to “The Rebirth of Education” — the most important book on why ed reforms in the Global South fail and what we can do about it.

Making Sense of MOOCs A Guide for Policy-Makers in Developing Countries - Patru, M; Balaji, V (UNESCO, Commonwealth of Learning, 2016)

Can technology help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on education systems in Europe and Central Asia? - Patrinos, Harry; Shmis, Tigran (World Bank, 2020)
With the need to contain the virus, many countries are implementing measures to reduce gatherings of large crowds.

Forced Disruption of Anatomy Education in Australia and New Zealand: An Acute Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic - Pather, Nalini; Blyth, Phil; Chapman, Jamie A.; Dayal, Manisha R.; Flack, Natasha A. M. S.; Fogg, Quentin A.; Green, Rodney A.; Hulme, Anneliese K.; Johnson, Ian P.; Meyer, Amanda J.; Morley, John W.; Shortland, Peter J.; et al. (Anatomical Sciences Education, 2020)
Australian and New Zealand universities commenced a new academic year in February/March 2020 largely with “business as usual.” The subsequent Covid-19 pandemic imposed unexpected disruptions to anatomical educational practice. Rapid change occurred due to government-imposed physical distancing regulations from March 2020 that increasingly restricted anatomy laboratory teaching practices. Anatomy educators in both these countries were mobilized to adjust their teaching approaches. This study on anatomy education disruption at pandemic onset within Australia and New Zealand adopts a social constructivist lens. The research question was “What are the perceived disruptions and changes made to anatomy education in Australia and New Zealand during the initial period of the Covid-19 pandemic, as reflected on by anatomy educators?.” Thematic analysis to elucidate “the what and why” of anatomy education was applied to these reflections. About 18 anatomy academics from ten institutions participated in this exercise. The analysis revealed loss of integrated “hands-on” experiences, and impacts on workload, traditional roles, students, pedagogy, and anatomists' personal educational philosophies. The key opportunities recognized for anatomy education included: enabling synchronous teaching across remote sites, expanding offerings into the remote learning space, and embracing new pedagogies. In managing anatomy education's transition in response to the pandemic, six critical elements were identified: community care, clear communications, clarified expectations, constructive alignment, community of practice, ability to compromise, and adapt and continuity planning. There is no doubt that anatomy education has stepped into a yet unknown future in the island countries of Australia and New Zealand.
Keywords: Australia; Covid-19 pandemic; New Zealand; __C:filed:1; active learning; gross anatomy education; medical education; online delivery; online practical anatomy; reflective practices; remote learning; student well-being; workload

Development of special needs classroom prototypes to respond to the sensory needs of students with exceptionalities - Patel, Tina; Dorff, Juliann; Baker, Allison (Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, 2022)

Teacher-Student-Relationship Quality in Inclusive Secondary Schools: Theory and Measurement of Emotional Aspects of Teaching - Pastore, Giuliana; Luder, Reto (Frontiers in Education, 2021)
Inclusive healthy schools are committed to provide a learning environment for a healthy development and optimal learning support for all students, regardless of their performance, language, learning and behavior disposition or disability. In order to achieve this goal, the relationship between teacher and students is crucial. Research in this area has shown the importance of emotional aspects as a mark of quality of teacher-student relationships, recognizing them as strong predictors for better achievement, compared to professional and subject-related aspects of teaching. Nevertheless, empirical studies in inclusive schools are seldom considering teacher-student relationships, as a theoretically sound conceptualization is missing in the context of research in inclusive schools. In the present paper, based on the attachment theory and the research on joint attention, two emotional components of teacher-student relationships are examined as key-concepts of high relevance for inclusive schools (emotional resonance and shared intentionality). It is also discussed how to empirically operationalize and measure these emotional components with the intention of analyzing the current situation of inclusive schools in future studies.

Reimagining Digital Learning for Sustainable Development: - Passos, Rosario (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Book review
Keywords: Educational Technology Digital Learning; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

Student Perceptions of the Creation and Reuse of Digital Educational Resources in a Community Development-Oriented Organisation - Paskevicius, Michael; Hodgkinson-Williams, Cheryl (http://jl4d.org/index.php/ejl4d/article/view/253/284, 2018)
This case study explores students’ perceptions of the creation and reuse of digital teaching and learning resources in their work as tutors as part of a volunteer community development organisation at a large South African University. Through a series of semi-structured interviews, student-tutors reflect on their use and reuse of digital educational resources, and identify the challenges they experience in curating, adapting, and reusing educational resources for use in their teaching activities. The data is analysed qualitatively within the framework of an activity system (Engeström, 1987) to surface the primary systemic tensions that student-tutors face in the reuse of resources found online as well as open educational resources (OER). This study found that student-tutors sourced and used educational materials from the Internet, largely irrespective of their licensing conditions, while also creating and remixing a substantial number of educational materials to make them suitable for use in their context. We conclude that greater awareness of the availability of OER and explicit open licencing for works sourced and created within community development organisations could enhance sharing, collaboration, and help sustain high impact resources.
Keywords: _C:Canada CAN; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Programme d'analyse des systèmes éducatifs de la Confemen - PASEC
le PASEC vise à informer sur l’évolution des performances des systèmes éducatifs, afin d’aider à l’élaboration et au suivi des politiques éducatives.

The impact of stress on students in secondary school and higher education - Pascoe, Michaela C.; Hetrick, Sarah E.; Parker, Alexandra G. (International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 2020)
Students in secondary and tertiary education settings face a wide range of ongoing stressors related to academic demands. Previous research indicates that academic-related stress can reduce academic achievement, decrease motivation and increase the risk of school dropout. The longer-term impacts, which include reduced likelihood of sustainable employment, cost Governments billions of dollars each year. This narrative review presents the most recent research concerning the impact of academic-related stress, including discussion of the impact on students’ learning capacity and academic performance, mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, sleep disturbances and substance use.
Keywords: Academic; _genre:PR-primary_research; adolescent health; education; mental health and well-being; stress

Blogging as critical praxis: becoming a critical teacher educator in the age of participatory culture - Pascarella, John (McGill University, 2009)
This self-study of becoming a critical teacher educator extends the research on blogs as a vehicle of critical self-reflection in teaching and teacher education. While the primary focus of this thesis is a self-study of the process of becoming a teacher educator, the author presents findings based on discursive data collected from blogs produced by teacher candidates in two case studies, which inform this process of becoming. The case studies are represented as two “strands”: one carried out in Montréal, Quebec, Canada, at McGill University, and the other carried out near Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Like prior studies involving the use of blogs in teacher preparation, this study examines pre-service teachers’ critical engagement with topics and issues endemic to their current field experiences and future careers in K-12 classrooms. The instructional techniques deployed in the case studies adhered to principles of modeling technology integration in order to transform teaching and learning activities by facilitating a learning environment for pre-service teacher candidates informed by the tenets of critical pedagogy. In this vein, this study examines the implementation of a particular instructional strategy, problem-posing pedagogy, as a practice that integrates the use of blogs to aid the achievement of pre-service teacher candidates’ “critical self-engagement” as well as contribute to the author’s development as a critical teacher educator.
Keywords: 0530:Teacher education; 0710:Educational technology; Blogging; Critical praxis; Culture; Education; Educational technology; Participatory culture; Teacher education; Teacher educator; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097704; __finaldtb

Supporting adaptive management - Pasanen, Tiina; Barnett, Inka (2019)
Keywords: Final_citation; ⛔ No DOI found

Supporting adaptive management - Pasanen, Tiina; Barnett, Inka (2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Good Practice Report: Blended Learning. - Partridge, Helen; Ponting, Deborah; McCay, Meryl (Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC), 2011)
This good practice report, commissioned by the ALTC, provides a summative evaluation of useful outcomes and good practices from ALTC projects and fellowships on blended learning. The report contains: a summative evaluation of the good practices and key outcomes for teaching and learning from completed ALTC projects and fellowships; a literature review of the good practices and key outcomes for teaching and learning from national and international research; the proposed outcomes and resources for teaching and learning which will be produced by current incomplete ALTC projects and fellowships; identifies areas in which further work or development are appropriate.
Keywords: C:Australia

Longitudinal outcomes of an individualized and intensive reading intervention for third grade students - Partanen, M.; Siegel, L.S.; Giaschi, D.E. (Dyslexia, 2019)
Early intervention is known to reduce reading disabilities; however, treatment response is variable, and some students have persistent deficits that require intensive supports. This study examined the immediate and 1-year outcomes of an individualized and intensive reading program for third grade students, which was delivered throughout the school day for an average of 189 hr of instruction over 3 months. These students' performances were compared with two comparison groups, including poor readers who received small group supports and good readers who did not have additional reading instruction. The intensive group showed an improvement in word recognition and decoding fluency immediately after the program and 1 year later, and there was a decrease in significant reading impairments from 62% before intervention to 35% at follow-up. Furthermore, baseline reading, spelling, phonological awareness, and rapid naming skills were predictive of persistent reading deficits at a later time point. Although improvements in reading skills were shown, a significant gap between poor and good readers persisted in the third and fourth grades. This study illustrates the importance of a tertiary intensive reading program, but also the need for continuing supports. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords: Awareness; Child; Dyslexia; Female; Humans; Learning Disorders; Linguistics; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Reading; Remedial Teaching; Students; _AcademicRecoveryOECS; awareness; child; dyslexia; female; human; individualized instruction; intensive intervention; learning disorder; linguistics; longitudinal study; male; procedures; psychology; reading; reading disability; response to intervention; student; teaching

The effects of gender, acclimation state, the opportunity to adjust clothing and physical disability on requirements for thermal comfort - Parsons, K. C. (Energy and Buildings, 2002)
A program of laboratory studies into thermal comfort requirements is presented. Two studies used groups of 16 subjects over a range of conditions (warm to cool) to investigate the effects of gender over 3h exposures in simulated living room/office environments. It was found that for identical levels of clothing and activity, there were only small differences in the thermal comfort responses of male and female subjects for neutral and slightly warm conditions. For cool conditions, female subjects tended to be cooler than males. An experiment to investigate the effects of heat acclimation on thermal comfort requirements involved six male subjects providing thermal comfort responses in neutral and slightly warm environments over 2 days. They then carried out an acclimatization program over 4 days, for 2h per day, exercising in a hot (45°C, 40% relative humidity) environment. Thermal comfort responses were then recorded in two sessions over 2 days in identical conditions to the pre-acclimation session. It was found that changes in thermal comfort responses were small and likely to be of little practical significance. An investigation into the behavior of people to maintain thermal comfort by adjusting their clothing was conducted using eight male and eight female subjects. Seated subjects reduced or increased their clothing level by using a wardrobe of clothing that was familiar to them. It was found that subjects can adjust their clothing to maintain thermal comfort, but within limits. Upper limits (clothing off) will be determined by modesty and acceptability. Lower limits (clothing on) will be determined by clothing design and acceptability. A low air temperature limit of 18°C in freely available clothing may provide a working hypothesis. A laboratory study of thermal comfort requirements for people with physical disabilities compared responses with those of people without physical disabilities. It was found that there are few group differences between thermal comfort requirements of people with and without physical disabilities. However, there is a greater necessity to consider individual requirements for people with physical disability.
Keywords: Acclimation; Disability; Gender; Thermal comfort

Prediction of coastal flooding risk under climate change impacts in South Korea using machine learning algorithms - Park, Sang-Jin; Lee, Dong-Kun (Environmental Research Letters, 2020)
Abstract Coastal areas have been affected by hazards such as floods and storms due to the impact of climate change. As coastal systems continue to become more socially and environmentally complex, the damage these hazards cause is expected to increase and intensify. To reduce such negative impacts, vulnerable coastal areas and their associated risks must be identified and assessed. In this study, we assessed the flooding risk to coastal areas of South Korea using multiple machine learning algorithms. We predicted coastal areas with high flooding risks, as this aspect has not been adequately addressed in previous studies. We forecasted hazards under different representative concentration pathway climate change scenarios and regional climate models while considering ratios of sea level rise. Based on the results, a risk probability map was developed using a probability ranging from 0 to 1, where higher values of probability indicate areas at higher risk of compound events such as high tides and heavy rainfall. The accuracy of the average receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.946 using a k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The predicted risk probability in 10 year increments from the 2030s to the 2080s showed that the risk probability for southern coastal areas is higher than those of the eastern and western coastal areas. From this study, we determined that a probabilistic approach to analyzing the future risk of coastal flooding would be effective to support decision-making for integrated coastal zone management.
Keywords: _z:no_pdf

Student participation in private supplementary education: A comparative analysis of Japan, Korea, Shanghai, and the USA - Park, H.; Lim, Y. (Chinese Journal of Sociology, 2020)
Private supplementary education, which refers to private lessons and learning outside of formal schooling purchased by families, has been widely practiced in East Asia. Its demand has grown even beyond East Asia, however, as educational competition for social mobility has intensified in many parts of the world. This global trend makes it important to determine who has greater access to private supplementary education and address the implications of the differential access for educational inequality. The current study compares how family socioeconomic status (SES) and students’ prior academic performance are related to their participation in private supplementary education in three East Asian societies—Japan, Korea, and Shanghai (China)—and the USA. Private supplementary education has existed on a substantial scale in Japan and Korea. The public and scholars have increased their concerns regarding the growing prevalence of private supplementary education in China. Although it has not been a major educational strategy, the demand for private supplementary education is rising in the USA as well, which can offer a useful insight into the global application of private supplementary education in contemporary educational systems. The focused comparisons across a small number of societies allow analyses of detailed patterns in each society in comparative perspective, thus moving beyond both single-country research and large-scale cross-national studies. The data for the current study come from 15-year-old students who participated in an international survey of student achievement, Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012. With a clearly defined measure of private supplementary education, PISA 2012 provides an exceptional opportunity for comparison. Drawing on data for 15-year-old students in four societies from PISA 2012, the linear probability models highlight heterogeneity among three East Asian societies. Japan is distinctive from Korea and Shanghai in terms of the influences of family SES on student participation in private supplementary education. Once school-fixed effects are taken into account, the strength of the relationship between family SES and private supplementary education in Japan is similar to the strength in the USA, which is weaker than the strength in Korea and Shanghai. Japan and the USA are also similar in that family structure is not significantly associated with private supplementary education, while students in non-two-parent families are significantly less likely to receive private supplementary education in Korea and Shanghai. The school-fixed-effects models also show that the within-school relationship between students’ prior academic performance and their participation in private supplementary education is generally negative. Japan, Shanghai, and the USA show a significantly negative relationship, while only Korea shows no significant relationship. Future research directions are suggested in the conclusion. © The Author(s) 2020.
Keywords: Children; East Asia; Supplementary Education; _AcademicRecoveryOECS; education; inequality; stratification

Culturally Sustaining Pedagogies: Teaching and Learning for Justice in a Changing World - Paris, Django; Alim, H. Samy (Teachers' College Press, 2017)

Practical considerations informing teachers’ technology integration decisions: the case of tablet PCs - Pareja Roblin, Natalie; Tondeur, Jo; Voogt, Joke; Bruggeman, Bram; Mathieu, Griet; van Braak, Johan (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2018)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

How to develop and frame impactful review articles: key recommendations - Paré, Guy; Wagner, Gerit; Prester, Julian (Journal of Decision Systems, 2023)

The Athens of West Africa: A History of International Education at Fourah Bay College, Freetown, Sierra Leone - Paracka, Daniel J. (2006)
This book is about Fourah Bay College (FBC) and its role as an institution of higher learning in both its African and international context. The study traces the College's development through periods of missionary education (1816-1876), colonial education (1876-1938), and development education (1938-2001).
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Contextualizing the twin concepts of systematicity and transparency in information systems literature reviews - Par‍‍‍é, G.; Tate, M.; Johnstone, D. (European Journal of Information Systems, 2016)

A systematic assessment of rigor in information systems ranking-type Delphi studies - Par‍‍‍é, G.; Cameron, A.-F.; Poba-Nzaou, P. (Information & Management, 2013)

Fundamentals... Session 1 - Vocational Education and Training: basics for teaching and research in Vocational Education and Training at universities - Papier, Joy; Hartmann, Martin D.; Ogwo, Benjamin A.; Ezekoye, Benadeth N.; Gessler, Michael (W. Bertelsmann Verlag, 2017)
This session highlights the basics of Vocational Education and Training (VET). Each university has its own characteristics. The contributions seek to encourage various forms of VET. Challenges for universities and other institutions are emphasised. The contributions help draw conclusions for the Further structuring of VET in Sub-Saharan Africa. Other country-specific articles from the session concentrate on the characteristics and orientation of VET systems, thereby helping create an overall picture of the status of VET in all participating countries. The participants endeavored to analyze the current situation of VET in Sub-Saharan Africa by exploring the character and individual design of the current VET systems in the participating countries. Contributions by: Duncan Ken Downing Jillian D'Oliveira Singo Brígida Papier Joy Hartmann Martin D. Ogwo Benjamin A. Ezekoye Benadeth N. Gessler Michael
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:Sub-Saharan Africa; C:Cameroon; C:Ghana; C:South Africa; C:Tanzania; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CL:fr; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:T; F:access; F:pedagogy; F:policy; F:qualification; F:teaching; P:construction; P:culture; P:economy; P:teacher education; Q:ICT; Q:degree; Q:e-learning; Q:flexible; Q:masters; T:Ausbildung; T:Educação profissionalizante; T:Lehrlingsausbildung; T:TVET; T:dual TVET; T:in-service TVET; T:occupational education; T:trainee; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

A comparative study of TVET in 5 African Countries with a specific focus on TVET Teacher Education - Papier, Joy (2017)
This article describes a five country (Cameroun, Egypt, Ghana, South Africa, Tanzania) study of ‘TVET Teacher Education in Africa’ that was commissioned in terms of an EU-South African collaboration in 2013. While the focus was on vocational teacher education, the contextual realities of each country‘s vocational systems was studied as this would impact on every aspect of vocational teacher development, for instance, what teachers would have to teach, who the students might be, how students would be expected to learn, available funding for Vocational Education and so on. Comparisons were therefore made over a range of elements that included the systems in place for vocational training, systems of vocational teacher education, and the modalities for training of VET teachers.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; CLL:en; _C:Denmark DNK; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:Finland FIN; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Tanzania TZA; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Supporting Teachers in the Transition towards Distance Education: Challenges and Means - Papi, Cathia (Journal of Learning for Development, 2020)
During the lockdown as a result of the pandemic, it became necessary to deploy distance education in many countries, at all levels of education. This article presents the creation of a training course aimed at helping teachers to shift from in-person classes to distance learning. It highlights the issues and challenges encountered and pinpoints the first observable impacts of this course, as well as in-progress and upcoming developments
Keywords: distance education; online learning; pandemic; transition; ⛔ No DOI found

Literature searching for social science systematic reviews: consideration of a range of search techniques - Papaioannou, Diana; Sutton, Anthea; Carroll, Christopher; Booth, Andrew; Wong, Ruth (Health Information & Libraries Journal, 2010)
Background: Literature for a systematic review on the student experience of e-learning is located across a range of subject areas including health, education, social science, library and information science. Objectives: To assess the merits and shortcomings of using different search techniques in retrieval of evidence in the social science literature. Methods: A conventional subject search was undertaken as the principal method of identifying the literature for the review. Four supplementary search methods were used including citation searching, reference list checking, contact with experts and pearl growing. Results: The conventional subject search identified 30 of 41 included references; retrieved from 10 different databases. References were missed by this method and a further 11 references were identified via citation searching, reference list checking and contact with experts. Pearl growing was suspended as the nominated pearls were dispersed across numerous databases, with no single database indexing more than four pearls. Conclusions: Searching within the social sciences literature requires careful consideration. Conventional subject searching identified the majority of references, but additional search techniques were essential and located further high quality references.
Keywords: _TBC for use ailr-2024

Decrypting the Learners’ Retention Factors in Massive Open Online Courses - Pant, Harsh Vardhan; Lohani, Manoj Chandra; Pande, Jeetendra (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have recently become attractive at most universities, and the number of MOOCs has risen significantly, particularly in India. Despite their popularity, previous research has revealed a low course completion rate and a scarcity of research on the factors that influences learners’ retention in MOOCs. Therefore, it is a good idea to investigate previous research to understand the factors behind the learners’ retention so that an ideal learning model can be created. This study used Structural Equation Modelling to find out the unexplored learner retention factors in MOOCs and create a model, which may extend the satisfaction. MOOC data sets were collected from different Indian universities in Uttarakhand state. This study has explored the majority of influencing factors correlated with learners’ satisfaction. The findings show that MOOC usage intention is influenced by a willingness to credit mobility, the allure of the latest trendy course, content localisation and perceived effectiveness.
Keywords: Classification; Data-Mining; Factor; Factors; MOOC; Model; PLS; Retention; ⛔ No DOI found

Girls’ education and climate change: A critical review of the literature - Pankhurst, Camilla (2022)
Keywords: selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024

Literature Review as Research Methodology: Aid of Ai (Artificial Intelligence) - Pandya, Tamsa Pranshankar (Vidhyayana-An International Multidisciplinary Peer-Reviewed E-Journal-ISSN 2454-8596, 2023)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Editorial: Covid-19 Pandemic and Innovations in Institutional Transformation, Technology and Pedagogy - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2020)
Keywords: COVID-19; ⛔ No DOI found

Editorial: Learning for Development – Discourse and Practice - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Keywords: _genre:PR-primary_research; discourse; learning for development; practice; ⛔ No DOI found

Editorial: Researching Technology-Enabled Teaching, Learning and Training - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Editorial
Keywords: learning; teaching; technology-enabled; training; ⛔ No DOI found

Editorial: Some More Research on Technology-Enabled Learning - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2022)
Keywords: technology-enabled learning (TEL); ⛔ No DOI found

Technology-Enabled Learning: OER, MOOCs, and other TEL Designs - Panda, Santosh (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
Keywords: MOOC; OER; TEL; ⛔ No DOI found

Investigation of gender differences in sleeping comfort at different environmental temperatures - Pan, Li; Lian, Zhiwei; Lan, Li (Indoor and Built Environment, 2012)

Enhancing the review process in global environmental assessments: The case of the IPCC - Palutikof, Jean; Boulter, Sarah; Field, Christopher B.; Mach, Katharine J.; Manning, Martin; Mastrandrea, Michael D.; Meyer, Leo M.; Minx, Jan; Pereira, Joy Jacqueline; Plattner, Gian‐Kasper; Ribeiro, Suzana Kahn; Sokona, Youba; et al. (Environmental Science & Policy, 2023)
External review is a fundamental component of Global Environmental Assessments, ensuring their processes are comprehensive, objective, open and transparent, and are perceived as such. Here, we focus on review of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports. The review process has received little scrutiny, although review comments and author responses are public. Here we analyse review documents from the Fourth and Fifth Assessments, focusing primarily on Working Group II. We address three questions: Is the review representative? Is it comprehensive? Is it insightful? Overall we found the review process to be fit for purpose, although there are outstanding issues. First, the overwhelming majority of reviewers are from developed countries, although evidence suggests participation by developing country reviewers increased between the Fourth and Fifth Assessments. Second, earlier sections of chapters are more densely reviewed than later ones. This is true even when executive summaries are removed from analysis. In consequence, some sections on specialised topics may escape in-depth review. Thirdly, those review comments which are received make a valid and valuable contribution to the scientific development of chapters. We suggest how outstanding issues could be addressed, including through enhanced reviewer recognition, a wider role for review editors, adherence to mandated page lengths from early in the process, reviewer training, and consistency in reporting to allow systematic evaluation. Making such changes will result in more transparent, consistent and representative processes delivering reviews which effectively contribute to the credibility and legitimacy of future Global Environmental Assessments and, ultimately, their recognition and contribution.
Keywords: openalex:citedBy; openalex:import; selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024; tagged

Approaches and Models for Teaching Digital Ethics in Information Systems Courses–A Review of the Literature - Paltiel, Minna; Cheong, Marc; Coghlan, Simon; Lederman, Reeva (Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 2023)

Teaching Digital Ethics in Information Systems - Paltiel, Minna; Cheong, Marc; Coghlan, Simon; Lederman, Reeva (2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Formalising the informal: Ghana's National Apprenticeship Programme - Palmer, Robert (Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 2009)

Identifying gaps on health impacts, exposures, and vulnerabilities to climate change on human health and wellbeing in South America: a scoping review - Palmeiro-Silva, Yasna K.; Lescano, Andrés G.; Flores, Elaine C.; E, Yamileth Astorga; Rojas, Luis; Chavez-Hermosilla, Mario; Mora-Rivera, Wendel; Hartinger, Stella M. (The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 2023)
There is an important gap in regional information on climate change and health, limiting the development of science-based climate policies in South American countries. This study aims to identify the main gaps in the existing scientific literature on the impacts, exposure, and vulnerabilities of climate change on population health. A scoping review was performed guided by four sub-questions focused on the impacts of climate change on physical and mental health, exposure and vulnerability factors of population to climate hazards. The main findings showed that physical impacts mainly included infectious diseases, while mental health impacts included trauma, depression, and anxiety. Evidence on population exposure to climate hazards is limited, and social determinants of health and individual factors were identified as vulnerability factors. Overall, evidence on the intersection between climate change and health is limited in South America and has been generated in silos, with limited transdisciplinary research. More formal and systematic information should be generated to inform public policy.None.
Keywords: openalex:citedBy; openalex:import; selected_for:effects of climate ch...on learning...LMICs 2024; tagged

Mixed method designs in implementation research - Palinkas, Lawrence A.; Aarons, Gregory A.; Horwitz, Sarah; Chamberlain, Patricia; Hurlburt, Michael; Landsverk, John (Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 2011)

Metadata quality issues in learning repositories - Palavitsinis, Nikos (2014)
Metadata lies at the heart of every digital repository project in the sense that it defines and drives the description of digital content stored in the repositories. Metadata allows content to be successfully stored, managed and retrieved but also preserved in the long-term. Despite the enormous importance of metadata in digital repositories, one that is widely recognized, studies indicate that what is defined as metadata quality, is relatively low in most cases of digital repositories. Metadata quality is loosely defined as "fitness for purpose" meaning that low quality of metadata means that metadata cannot fulfill its purpose which is to allow for the successful storage, management and retrieval of resources. In practice, low metadata quality leads to ineffective searches for content, ones that recall the wrong resources or even worse, no resources which makes them invisible to the intended user, that is the "client" of each digital repository. The present dissertation approaches this problem by proposing a comprehensive metadata quality assurance method, namely the Metadata Quality Assurance Certification Process (MQACP). The basic idea of this dissertation is to propose a set of methods that can be deployed throughout the lifecycle of a repository to ensure that metadata generated from content providers are of high quality. These methods have to be straightforward, simple to apply with measurable results. They also have to be adaptable with minimum effort so that they can be used in different contexts easily. This set of methods was described analytically, taking into account the actors needed to apply them, describing the tools needed and defining the anticipated outcomes. In order to test our proposal, we applied it on a Learning Federation of repositories, from day 1 of its existence until it reached its maturity and regular operation. We supported the metadata creation process throughout the different phases of the repositories involved by setting up specific experiments using the methods and tools of the MQACP. Throughout each phase, we measured the resulting metadata quality to certify that the anticipated improvement in metadata quality actually took place. Lastly, through these different phases, the cost of the MQACP application was measured to provide a comparison basis for future applications. Based on the success of this first application, we decided to validate the MQACP approach by applying it on another two cases of a Cultural and a Research Federation of repositories. This would allow us to prove the transferability of the approach to other cases the present some similarities with the initial one but mainly significant differences. The results showed that the MQACP was successfully adapted to the new contexts, with minimum adaptations needed, with similar results produced and also with comparable costs. In addition, looking closer at the common experiments carried out in each phase of each use case, we were able to identify interesting patterns in the behavior of content providers that can be further researched. The dissertation is completed with a set of future research directions that came out of the cases examined. These research directions can be explored in order to support the next version of the MQACP in terms of the methods deployed, the tools used to assess metadata quality as well as the cost analysis of the MQACP methods.
Keywords: __C:filed:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Sequence to sequence model performance for education chatbot - Palasundram, Kulothunkan; Sharef, Nurfadhlina Mohd; Nasharuddin, Nurul; Kasmiran, Khairul; Azman, Azreen (International journal of emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 2019)

International Common Assessment of Numeracy. Background, Features and Large-scale Implementation - PAL Network (2020)

Reconstructing education in post-conflict Sierra Leone - Pai, Grace (Security, Education and Development in Contemporary Africa, 2016)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone SLE

Learning Loss, Learning Gains and Wellbeing: A Rapid Evidence Assessment - Page, Ella; Leonard-Kane, Rosie; Kashefpakdel, Elnaz; Riggall, Anna; Guerriero, Sonia (Education Development Trust, 2021)
As schools begin reopening around the world, education systems are faced with the challenge of mitigating learning lost during the pandemic, designing and implementing remedial or accelerated learning programmes, remote learning and next year's curriculum. Effective teachers are a crucial part of supporting learning recovery. School closure during COVID-19 has left many teachers uncertain about their role, worried about their working conditions and their health, safety and wellbeing, unable to use technology effectively, and unprepared for classroom challenges when schools reopen. Teachers will need to respond to students' academic losses (and gains), but also to their socio-emotional wellbeing. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) and Education Development Trust have undertaken this study to provide information to help teachers, schools and governments understand how to support teachers to best support students as they return to school. This research is designed to allow to focus on the available existing evidence, and focuses on the most marginalised students and include research from previous crisis and disaster contexts to examine broadly what is know about actions to mitigate and recover learning loss, not just related to the current global pandemic but in a broader sense. The key research questions for this Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) are grouped into two sections. Firstly, questions about learning loss, gain and impact on student wellbeing. The second group of questions focus on the experience of teachers and the literature around the skills and support required for teachers to recover learning and wellbeing themselves and in students as they return to school. The REA is a companion to a review of policy and grey literature which focuses more on commentary and guidance literature. These papers are the first stage in a wider research project which will look at how teachers support learning recovery post COVID-19. [For "Learning Loss, Learning Gains and Wellbeing: A Review of Policy and Grey Literature," see ED615067.]
Keywords: 21st Century Skills; Access to Computers; Access to Education; Achievement Gains; At Risk Students; COVID-19; Conflict; Educational Needs; Elementary Secondary Education; Emotional Response; Foreign Countries; Health Promotion; Intervention; Mental Health; Natural Disasters; Pandemics; Research; School Closing; Social Influences; Socioeconomic Influences; Teacher Competencies; Teacher Role; Technological Literacy; War; Well Being; ⛔ No DOI found

Lessons Learned from the Outcomes and Delivery of Girls’ Clubs in Educational Programmes - Page, Ella (2020)
This helpdesk provides a rapid review of the evidence on the outcomes and delivery of girls’ clubs in educational programmes. The review found some evidence of girls’ clubs specific programmes in school settings having positive impacts on educational and life skills outcomes. Girls clubs delivered as part of education programmes can have positive impacts on literacy, numeracy, enrolment and attendance. Although the evidence is limited.Clubs delivered in schools which combine the delivery of life skills training with sports also show promising impact on education. Evaluation of one of such programmes showed that participation had increased their determination to complete their education and girls were more able to express ambition. However, not all the evaluations of girls’ club found for this review showed positive outcomes – for example one evaluation found no impact on school enrolment or other empowerment outcomes.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Towards Safer School Construction: A community-based approach - Paci-Green, Rebekah; Pandey, Bishnu (2015)

Looking back, moving forward: Impact and measurability of the use of educational technology - Pachler, Norbert; Turvey, Keith (Second Handbook of Information Technology in Primary and Secondary Education, 2018)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Best Practices in Middle Level Quaranteaching: Strategies, Tips and Resources Amidst COVID-19 - Pace, Christi; Pettit, Stacie; Barker, Kim (Becoming: Journal of the Georgia Association for Middle Level Education, 2020)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Optimising worked example instruction: Different ways to increase germane cognitive load - Paas, Fred; van Gog, Tamara (Learning and Instruction, 2006)
Worked examples are an effective instructional means to teach complex problem-solving skills. It has been argued that worked examples decrease extraneous load, enabling more Working Memory (WM) resources to be directed to activities that facilitate learning and transfer performance. Hence, cognitive load research has started to shift its focus towards finding instructional techniques that impose a germane cognitive load by stimulating the allocation of WM resources to such activities. This special issue provides an overview of recent experimental research on ways to further optimise the design and delivery of worked examples in order to foster learning and transfer.

A comparative study between tablet and laptop PCs: User satisfaction and preferences - Ozok, A Ant; Benson, Dana; Chakraborty, Joyram; Norcio, Anthony F (Intl. Journal of human–computer interaction, 2008)

Mobility-Related Teacher Turnover and the Unequal Distribution of Experienced Teachers in Turkey - Özoğlu, Murat (Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 2015)
This study investigates the issue of mobility-related teacher turnover in Turkey through both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative findings derived from descriptive and correlational analyses of countrywide teacher-assignment and transfer data indicate that a high rate of mobility-related turnover is observed in the less- developed, eastern provinces of Turkey. The qualitative findings derived from semi-structured, in-depth interviews with school principals suggest that the factors contributing to the issue of mobility-related teacher turnover experienced in eastern Turkey are largely related to the socio-economic and geographic conditions of the region. The qualitative findings further suggest that this turnover issue may have far-reaching negative consequences across school-wide performances and processes. Participants consistently reported that the issue of teacher turnover had negative impacts on student performance, teacher motivation and commitment, instructional planning, administrative processes, and school climate. The study concludes by exploring possible policy implications for alleviating the issue of mobility-related teacher turnover as experienced in the less-developed, eastern regions of Turkey.
Keywords: Lebanon_event_2021; Turkey; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Italy ITA; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:United States USA; _C:Uruguay URY; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

Spillover of COVID-19: Impact on the Global Economy - Ozili, Peterson K.; Arun, Thankom (Social Science Research Network, 2020)
How did a health crisis translate to an economic crisis? Why did the spread of the coronavirus bring the global economy to its knees? The answer lies in two methods by which coronavirus stifled economic activities. First, the spread of the virus encouraged social distancing which led to the shutdown of financial markets, corporate offices, businesses and events. Second, the exponential rate at which the virus was spreading, and the heightened uncertainty about how bad the situation could get, led to flight to safety in consumption and investment among consumers, investors and international trade partners. We focus on the period from the start of 2020 through March when the coronavirus began spreading into other countries and markets. We draw on real-world observations in assessing the restrictive measures, monetary policy measures, fiscal policy measures and the public health measures that were adopted during the period. We empirically examine the impact of social distancing policies on economic activities and stock market indices. The findings reveal that the increasing number of lockdown days, monetary policy decisions and international travel restrictions severely affected the level of economic activities and the closing, opening, lowest and highest stock price of major stock market indices. In contrast, the imposed restriction on internal movement and higher fiscal policy spending had a positive impact on the level of economic activities, although the increasing number of confirmed coronavirus cases did not have a significant effect on the level of economic activities.
Keywords: COVID-19; Central banks.; Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; financial crisis; fiscal policy; global recession; liquidity provision; monetary policy; outbreak; pandemic; public health; social distancing; spillovers

Pedagogical framework of m-learning - Ozdamli, Fezile (Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012)

MOOCs for in-service teachers: the case of Uganda and lessons for Africa - Oyo, B.; Kalema, B.M.; Byabazaire, J. (Revista Española de Pedagogía, 2017)
In recent times, computers and internet have penetrated secondary schools in Africa but with greater attention to students’ computer literacy than teachers. At the same time, previous studies on digital literacy of teachers are unsustainable and mainly skewed on pre-service teachers than in-service teachers. These realities point to the need to investigate and implement effective and sustainable initiatives for improving digital literacy and online life-long learning for in-service teachers in Africa. This paper therefore presents a specialised MOOC platform known as TEP (Teachers’ E-learning Portal) for digital literacy and online life-long learning for in-service teachers in Uganda. TEP is built for environments with inadequate access to computers, internet and technical assistance. As such, TEP is accessible online or offline, managed by accredited local universities in collaboration with beneficiary secondary schools, and runs on existing resources in schools (technical personnel, computers and internet). Results from initial implementation of a computer literacy MOOC through TEP indicate that irrespective of age, when teachers are adequately supported internally by their schools and externally by a university, can improve their digital literacy and subsequently engage in online life-long learning. In addition, the results both in terms of high percentage of teacher participants’ completions (89%) and high volume of educational e-content generated, confirm TEP as an effective, attractive, and self-sustainable MOOC platform for in-service teachers’ in resource constraint environments. The paper finishes with an analysis of the relevance of TEP to Africa.
Keywords: _Source:Intuitive; _THEME: Education management; _THEME: Teacher Professional Development; __:import:03; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2426079; __finaldtb

MOOCs for in-service teachers: the case of Uganda and lessons for Africa - Oyo, B.; Kalema, B. M.; Byabazaire, J. (Revista Española de Pedagogía, 2017)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing

New product development process: The case of selected technical and vocational colleges in Nigeria - Oyebola, Abiodun Isaac; Olaposi, Titilayo Olubunmi; Adejuwon, Olawale Oladapo; Akarakiri, Joshua Babatunde (African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 2018)
© 2017 African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. An examination of the literature reveals that studies on new product development processes have been carried out mostly in western contexts using sequential models. This study was conducted using the innovation systems approach and a sequential model to analyze new product development processes in selected technical and vocational colleges in Nigeria. Using a questionnaire survey method, the sequential model revealed that most of the respondents (91%) conceived of their products through job experience and only 4.9% conceived of product ideas through R&D, showing a weakness in science-based enquiries in the invention stages. In addition, 73.9% developed prototypes while 82.2%, 80.4%, and 69.2% conducted feasibly studies, business analyses and market surveys, respectively. These results imply capability in the commercialization stages of the sequential model. The systems of innovation approach however revealed very weak linkages with universities and R&D institutes which could have complemented lack of R&D activities in the technical and vocational colleges. While some useful and beneficial technological products have been developed in the colleges, we conclude that the use of sequential models and systems of innovation approach may bring a fresh perspective to the product development process.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; C:Nigeria; CA:AandC; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; P:measurement; P:technology; R:questionnaire; R:survey; T:TVET; T:vocational college; Z:innovation; Z:process; Z:product development; Z:technical and vocational education; Z:technological products; publicImportV1

The Impact of Covid-19 on Learning - the Perspective of the Ghanaian Student - Owusu-Fordjour, C.; Koomson, C. K.; Hanson, D. (European Journal of Education Studies, 2020)
This study aimed at accessing the impact of Covid-19 on Ghana’s teaching and learning. The study employed a Descriptive survey design in which 11 items Likert-scale type of questionnaires was administered to 214 respondents mainly students in the second cycle and tertiary institutions of Ghana. The study employed simple random sampling technique in selecting the respondents for the study. The study revealed some challenges students encounter in the close down of schools due to the outbreak of the pandemic Covid-19: Students are unable to study effectively from the house thus, making the online system of learning very ineffective. Again, parents are incapable of assisting their wards on how to access online learning platform, neither can they entirely supervise the learning of their children at home without any complications. It came to light that the pandemic really has had a negative impact on their learning as many of them are not used to effectively learn by themselves. The e-learning platforms rolled out also poses challenge to majority of the students because of the limited access to internet and lack of the technical knowhow of these technological devices by most Ghanaian students. The study therefore recommends that students should be introduced to e-learning platforms to supplement classroom teaching and learning.  Article visualizations:
Keywords: _COVID_DEAA-List; __C:filed:1; emotions; highlife music; lyrics; popular music; structure; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Pharmacists, Pharmacy Training and Mental Health Care Provision in Ghana - Owusu-Daaku, Frances (Pharmacy Education, 2014)
Background: Generally, mental health care seeking in Ghana, a small, very religious West African nation of about 25 million people, is a pluralistic phenomenon, fraught with stigma. The advent of biomedical medicines, with pharmacists involved in providing medicines for mental health care, has somewhat lessened this stigma. Context: Has the pharmacy curriculum in Ghana adequately prepared students to be part of a mental health team? What is the attitude of pharmacy students and pharmacists towards mental health provision? Will the passage of the Mental Health Bill make any impact on pharmacists' role in mental health? Answers to these questions are explored by examining literature and relevant institutional documents Evaluation: Minimal attention has been paid to the training of pharmacists in the provision of mental health care, especially in Ghana. It is recommended that pharmacists themselves and related bodies collaborate to make effective use of this neglected potential.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:West Africa; CA:AandC; CCZ:Ghana; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:R; CT:T; F:attitude; F:curriculum; P:health; P:measurement; P:media; R:impact; T:Ausbildung; Z:Pharmacists; Z:mental health; Z:pharmacy training; _C:Ghana GHA; publicImportV1; ⛔ No DOI found

Access and use of clinical informatics among medical doctors in selected teaching hospitals in Nigeria and South Africa - Owolabi, Kehinde Aboyami (University of Zululand, 2017)
Keywords: _C:Angola AGO; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Austria AUT; _C:Belgium BEL; _C:Benin BEN; _C:Bhutan BTN; _C:Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Burkina Faso BFA; _C:Canada CAN; _C:China CHN; _C:Colombia COL; _C:Congo XCO; _C:Cuba CUB; _C:Denmark DNK; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Finland FIN; _C:France FRA; _C:Gambia GMB; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Greece GRC; _C:India IND; _C:Indonesia IDN; _C:Iran IRN; _C:Ireland IRL; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Kuwait KWT; _C:Liberia LBR; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Mali MLI; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Morocco MAR; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:New Zealand NZL; _C:Niger NER; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Norway NOR; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Philippines PHL; _C:Portugal PRT; _C:Qatar QAT; _C:Romania ROU; _C:Saudi Arabia SAU; _C:Senegal SEN; _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:Spain ESP; _C:Sweden SWE; _C:Switzerland CHE; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Thailand THA; _C:Togo TGO; _C:Tunisia TUN; _C:Turkey TUR; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Zambia ZMB; _C:Zimbabwe ZWE; _C:eSwatini SWZ; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1

The Perception of Educational Stakeholders on Utilization of E-learning Technology for Quality Instructional Delivery in Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria - Owo, Offia; Udoka, Isaac (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
The study was conducted in Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study, which comprised 168 subjects (44 lecturers and 124 students). Two research questions were posed by the researchers to guide the study. The study used questionnaires to elicit information from respondents. Mean and standard deviation were descriptive statistical tools used to answer the research questions. The findings of the study revealed, amongst others, that many universities in Nigeria lacked digital facilities for quality e-teaching and learning and, again, university lecturers and students required core digital skills for effective e-learning. Based on these findings, it was recommended, amongst others, that the Nigerian government, in collaboration with university authorities, should ensure adequate provision of ICT equipment and facilities in universities for quality e-teaching and learning. Furthermore, adequate ICT training programmes should be set up for the training of lecturers and students in digital technology in order to realise effective e-learning in the Nigerian university system.
Keywords: ICT facilities; _genre:PR-primary_research; digital skills development.; e-learning; e-teaching; university education; ⛔ No DOI found

Powerful Reforms in Education: The perspective of developing countries on visuospatial reasoning in mathematics education - Owens, Kay
Keywords: _C:Australia AUS; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Guinea GIN; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Papua New Guinea PNG; _C:United States USA; _C:Zambia ZMB; __C:filed:1; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Implementation science in school mental health: Key constructs in a developing research agenda - Owens, Julie Sarno; Lyon, Aaron R.; Brandt, Nicole Evangelista; Masia Warner, Carrie; Nadeem, Erum; Spiel, Craig; Wagner, Mary (School mental health, 2014)

Applying Behavioural Insights in EdTech - An incomplete guide - Owen, Hannah; Chadeesingh, Lal; Arnold, Brian (2020)

Leveraging Hybrid Learning As The Future of Education - Ouya, Angelica (CIO East Africa, 2020)
Isn’t it easy to dream, imagine, envision, and talk about the future of something? Becoming the visionary of that idea or being part of the process and seeing it succeed? Education today is very different from what it was 20 years ago, but it still has room to move. Learning is changing with the times, …

Technology and Learning for Early Childhood and Primary Education - Outhwaite, Laura; Ang, Lynn; Herbert, Elisabeth; Sumner, Emma; Van Herwegen, Jo (UNESCO, 2023)
Educational software and apps offer a potential solution for the global learning crisis in maths and literacy. When designed, implemented, and integrated effectively, these programmes can offer accessible and personalised learning experiences for young children at school and at home. This paper synthesises current evidence evaluating the use of educational software and apps with young children aged 0-8 years in early childhood and primary education, including those from disadvantaged and marginalised groups across a range of low-, middle- and high-income countries. Based on this evidence synthesis, recommendations for system-wide conditions in the EdTech ecosystem to achieve optimal outcomes for all children are discussed, including potential avenues for effective pedagogy, implementation, and integration.

Closing the gap: efficacy of a tablet intervention to support the development of early mathematical skills in UK primary school children - Outhwaite, Laura A.; Gulliford, Anthea; Pitchford, Nicola J. (Computers & Education, 2017)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Raising early achievement in math with interactive apps: A randomized control trial. - Outhwaite, Laura A.; Faulder, Marc; Gulliford, Anthea; Pitchford, Nicola J. (Journal of educational psychology, 2019)
Keywords: __C:filed:1

Understanding how educational maths apps can enhance learning: A content analysis and qualitative comparative analysis - Outhwaite, Laura A.; Early, Erin; Herodotou, Christothea; Van Herwegen, Jo (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2023)
Abstract Educational applications (apps) are ubiquitous within children's learning environments and emerging evidence has demonstrated their efficacy. However, it remains unclear what the active ingredients (ie, mechanisms), or combination of ingredients, of successful maths apps are. The current study developed a new, open‐access, three‐step framework for assessing the educational value of maths apps, comprised of type of app, mathematical content and app design features. When applied to a selection of available maths apps previously evaluated with children in the first 3 years of school (the final sample included 23 apps), results showed that practice‐based apps were the most common app type tested ( n = 15). Basic number skills, such as number representation and relationships, were the most common area of mathematics targeted by apps ( n = 21). A follow‐up qualitative comparative analysis showed observed learning outcomes with maths apps were enhanced when apps combined the following: a scaffolded and personalised learning journey (programmatic levelling) and explanations of why answers were right or wrong (explanatory feedback), as well as praise, such as ‘Great job!’ (motivational feedback). This novel evidence stresses the significance of feedback and levelling design features that teaching practitioners and other stakeholders should consider when deciding which apps to use with young children. Directions for future research are discussed. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic Educational apps have been shown to support maths attainment in the first 3 years of school. Several existing frameworks have attempted to assess the educational value of some of these maths apps. Emerging experimental evidence also demonstrates the benefits of specific app design features, including feedback and levelling. What this paper adds Practice‐based maths apps are the most common type of app previously evaluated with young children. These evaluated maths apps have mostly focused on basic number skills. The combination of explanatory and motivational feedback, with programmatic levelling (either dynamic or static), was a necessary condition for enhancing learning outcomes with maths apps. Implications for practice and policy The inclusion of feedback and levelling in maths apps should be considered by app developers when designing apps, and by educational practitioners and parents when deciding which apps to use with their children. Further consideration is also needed for the development of educational apps that include a broad range of maths skills.

Effectiveness of an iPad Intervention to Support Development of Maths Skills in Foundation Year Children - Outhwaite, Laura (2017)

Chatbot, the Future of Learning? - Ouatu, Bogdan-Ioan; Gîfu, Daniela (2020)
Our position is that, in order to improve the quality of Romanian education, an intelligent learning system could become a substantial and versatile tool for aiding the achievement of every student’s potential, always aiding and encouraging him/her. The limits of the conventional learning process and mental health are major issues in many education systems. Chatbots are centered on assisting humans in performing their tasks efficiently and require a low amount of digital literacy to interact with. Chatbots have been shown to be effective in the fields of education and well-being. Due to the substantial difference between artificial intelligence technology waves, the interaction process can occur in several ways depending on the communication interface. How can we combine both traditional and automated educational approaches in the digital age? On one hand, an artificial intelligence tutor does not get angry or annoyed explaining the same problem at the student’s discretion and can also function as a personal therapist, while a human professor could be empathic, trying to keep a balanced teaching method adapted to all students.

Adoption and diffusion of open educational resources (OER) in education: A meta-analysis of 25 OER-projects - Otto, Daniel (International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2019)

Developing Science, Mathematics, and ICT Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Patterns and Promising Practices - Ottevanger, Wout; van den Akker, Jan; de Feiter, Leo (World Bank Working Papers, 2007)

Disability, computer and school data in Zanzibar (Unpublished) - Othman, Othman S. (EMIS Department MoEVT Zanzibar, 2020)

Interactions between vocational and attitudinal skills in labour market outcomes: findings from the skills’ assessment of garment factory workers in Ethiopia - Otchia, Christian S.; Yamada, S. (Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 2019)
© 2019, © 2019 The Vocational Aspect of Education Ltd. In this paper, we analyse the effects of workers’ self-rated attitudinal skills and their performance on vocational skills tests on their wage. The survey was conducted with garment workers who had experience of less than three years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The constituting elements of attitudinal skills were examined using the questionnaire for the workers. Meanwhile, a vocational skills test was conducted with the same population and graded by the employers and the vocational schools’ teachers. We found that the attitudinal skills, i.e. the desire to maintain a clean and tidy workplace and to follow the rules, are associated with higher earnings. Vocational skills, which are more likely to be rewarded by higher salaries, include sewing and patternmaking. We also found that the interaction between patternmaking, sewing, and attitudinal skills yielded higher returns. Interestingly, our results show that at higher levels of attitudinal skills, workers with high sewing skills, and high patternmaking skills earned a higher wage. Our results are robust to alternative measures of attitudinal skills that correct for reference bias and different specifications.

Menstruation, sanitary products, and school attendance: Evidence from a randomized evaluation - Oster, Emily; Thornton, Rebecca (American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2011)

Commonwealth Educational Leadership Handbook - Osman, Amina; Miller, Paul (Commonwealth iLibrary, 2022)
Commonwealth Education Ministers and stakeholders have consistently stressed the need to improve school leadership giventhe impact that it can have on school performance and learning outcomes. In 2018, at the 20th Commonwealth Conference of Education Ministers (20CCEM), ministers acknowledged that good governanceand effective educational management practices are central to realising equitable access to quality education. Ministers agreedthat high-quality teaching is a priority, and that the Member States should focus on how teachers and school leaders are trained,recruited and motivated and how the profession is governed. Effective and knowledgeable leaders and managers are essentialthroughout all areas of school management practice because they have an impact on the learning outcomes of children, youngpeople, families and the wider community. This handbook is a practical, immediate response to expressed needs in school leadership development. It aims to supportefforts to integrate school leadership development in the professional development of the education work force, includingthrough reflective practice and conversations about professional development and personal growth.

A Curriculum Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals First Edition - Osman, Amina; Ladhani, Sultana; Findlater, Emma; Mckay, Veronica (2017)
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development marks a paradigm shift in the global framework for development and presents a unique opportunity to reorient efforts towards a new path for development with sustainability at its core. Education is central to this and to the achievement of all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Education directly relates to one goal (SDG 4) but cuts across the entire SDG agenda. At the 19th Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers (CCEM) held in The Bahamas (June 2015), ministers reinforced the centrality of education for building resilience and preparing the next generation of Commonwealth citizens to contribute positively to the social, environmental and economic development of their communities. Ultimately, ministers highlighted the pivotal role that education has in achieving sustainable development and driving the SDGs. Given this and following the recommendations made at the 19th CCEM, the Education Section of the Health and Education Unit within the Commonwealth Secretariat has developed a Curriculum Framework for the SDGs to support member countries in addressing all 17 SDGs through education and learning. Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals seeks to ensure “inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”. Within the framework, a life course approach is followed, reinforcing the need for lifelong learning and for all citizens to participate in achieving the SDGs. It is envisioned that this framework will help countries to develop successful learners, confident individuals and responsible citizens who are resilient and uphold the core values and principles of the Commonwealth, as declared in the Commonwealth Charter, and who strive for sustainable development. The framework aims to ensure that citizens develop the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to flourish in life, learning and work environments, and to appreciate their place in a diverse world, while building and strengthening pathways to peace and tolerance. The Curriculum Framework for the SDGs allows for a high degree of flexibility through the non-prescriptive nature of its content. It is hoped that this framework will serve as a guide for countries to conceptualise, review or further develop their national curricula and ensure that education is integral to any strategy to create a resilient generation that will advocate for action and the attainment of the SDGs in a holistic, integrated manner. It will provide conceptual support for teacher training, adult learning and community development.

Learning to argue: a study of four schools and their attempt to develop the use of argumentation as a common instructional practice and its impact on students - Osborne, Jonathan; Simon, Shirley; Christodoulou, Andri; Howell-Richardson, Christina; Richardson, Katherine (Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2013)
This article reports the outcomes of a project in which teachers' sought to develop their ability to use instructional practices associated with argumentation in the teaching of science—in particular, the use of more dialogic approach based on small group work and the consideration of ideas, evidence, and argument. The project worked with four secondary school science departments over 2 years with the aim of developing a more dialogic approach to the teaching of science as a common instructional practice within the school. To achieve this goal, two lead teachers in each school worked to improve the use of argumentation as an instructional practice by embedding activities in the school science curriculum and to develop their colleague's expertise across the curriculum for 11- to 16-year-old students. This research sought to identify: (a) whether such an approach using minimal support and professional development could lead to measurable difference in student outcomes, and (b) what changes in teachers' practice were achieved (reported elsewhere). To assess the effects on student learning and engagement, data were collected of students' conceptual understanding, reasoning, and attitudes toward science from both the experimental schools and a comparison sample using a set of standard instruments. Results show that few significant changes were found in students compared to the comparison sample. In this article, we report the findings and discuss what we argue are salient implications for teacher professional development and teacher learning.

Literature Review in Science Education and the Role of ICT: Promise, Problems and Future Directions - Osborne, J.; Hennessy, S. (Nesta FutureLab, 2003)

Teachers’ Perceptions of Open Educational Resources: The Case of Open Resources for English Language Teaching (ORELT) in Kenya - Orwenjo, Daniel Ochieng; Erastus, Fridah Kanana (Journal of Learning for Development, 2021)
The use of Open Educational Resources (OERs) in the teaching and learning of various subjects is a relatively new innovation in the Kenyan school system. With the advent and subsequent liberalization of ICT, material developers are subsequently shifting away from the traditional modes of material development in the form of textbooks and other “canonical” formats which require the teacher to use them as they are handed down without any input or modification. The Open Resources for English Language Teaching (ORELT) is one such educational innovation. This paper reports the findings of a baseline survey conducted in Kenya with a view to finding out the views and perceptions of Kenyan Junior Secondary School Teachers with regard to the adoption of open resources for the teaching of English language in Kenyan secondary schools. Sixty (60) JSS teachers of English from rural and urban schools and of mixed gender were invited for a four day ORELT in-service induction workshop at the Kenyatta University Conference Centre. The teachers were then given ORELT materials in form of CDs and textbooks for use in teaching English in their schools. They were also registered on the online ORELT platform and each given log in credentials to enable them access freely access the materials and freely interact with fellow teachers throughout the commonwealth. The study reports that whereas teachers are ready to embrace the use of open resources, they have varying perceptions on the suitability and potential efficacy of open resources in Kenyan classrooms. It also emerges that such differing perceptions are constrained by institutional, cultural, pedagogical and personal factors. Accordingly, the study recommends a more structured, inclusive bottoms up approach to any educational innovation as a means of ensuring success.
Keywords: ESL; Education Innovation; Kenya; ORELT; Perceptions; Teacher Education; _genre:PR-primary_research; ⛔ No DOI found

Evidence on Inequalities in Rwanda - Orrnert, Anna (2018)
This review identifies and reviews the evidence on inequalities in Rwanda. Undertaken in six days, it draws primarily on national Rwandan datasets and smaller-scale case studies from academic research. This study focuses primarily on quantitative datasets and sources, supplemented by some qualitative research. A related report by Carter (2018) which examines the relationship between inequality, exclusion and poverty in Rwanda, also provides insights from key qualitative studies.The body of evidence around inequality in Rwanda is mixed, both in terms of scope and coverage and quality. It is also characterised by competing narratives about whether or not inequality is declining or not (Behuria and Goodfellow 2016: 3). This reflects, in part, the inherently complex nature of inequality, how it is measured, and different approaches to gathering data. Key findings of the review include: there is limited body of disaggregated data on inequalities in Rwanda (Dawson 2018); commonly used standard indicators to measure poverty and inequality don’t always resonate with experiences of poverty and wellbeing of local communities (including women and historically marginalised people), particularly in rural areas (Dawson 2018); inequality measured by access to basic services such as health, education, water, sanitation and electricity shows improvements over the past two decades; enrolment in primary and secondary education has grown and gender gaps narrowed – in some cases, girls’ enrolment is higher than boys; inequalities in access to the labour market were also identified, with variation across contexts; and other factors that affect economic empowerment include distribution of land and financial assets. This study also identified evidence gap in the need for more detailed disaggregated data and for research that takes into account the heterogeneity of the Rwandan poor, in order to better understand rural poverty and inequality (Ansoms and McKay 2010).
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Impact of Education Interventions for Working Children - Orrnert, Anna (2018)
Recent global estimates indicate that 152 million children – 64 million girls and 88 million boys – are engaged in child labour across the world (ILO 2017b: 8). According to these same estimates, 71% of child labourers work in the agricultural sector and 69% in unpaid work within their own family. Nearly half of all those in child labour are doing ‘hazardous work’ (ibid). According to the ILO, the total number of children in child labour has declined by about 94 million since 2000, although this trend has slowed significantly in recent years (ILO 2017a: 10). Four policy areas have been identified as key to tackling the problem of child labour: legal standards and regulation, social protection, labour markets and – the topic of this review – education. This report examines the available evidence on short and long-term impacts of interventions targeted at working children. The existing body of evidence on the impact of education interventions on children in work is mixed. There is a relatively substantial volume of research which examines the impacts of conditional cash transfers linked with children’s education. There is also a smaller body of evidence around the impact of financial incentives to children and their families (including scholarships and school subsidies). The evidence on other types of education interventions – such as provision of non-financial subsidies (for example, Food-for-Education or free transportation), improving quality of education as well as transitional or informal learning programmes for working children- is much more fragmented and patchy.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Legislation and Policy Addressing Inequality and Redistribution in Rwanda - Orrnert, Anna (2018)
This report is one of three related K4D helpdesk reports on inequality in Rwanda. The other two examine links between poverty, inequality and exclusion (Carter 2018) and provide data on inequalities (Orrnert 2018). This review summarises key national policies and legislation related to inequality and redistribution2 in Rwanda. Where available, this review provides insights into how these policies perpetuate inequality or work to address it, as well as how effective they are. Undertaken in six days, this review draws largely on policy documents from the Government of Rwanda, and academic studies, as well as some reports by international donors. A comprehensive review of all the relevant policies and legislation is beyond the scope of this study. Thus, the review focuses on key policies and legislation in specific sectors (economic empowerment and agriculture; health; education; housing and infrastructure) as well as policies and legislation targeted at particular groups (the poorest, women and girls, youth and other marginalised groups). The key findings include: there is a lack of systematic evaluation of many Rwandan government policies, including those aimed at tackling extreme poverty and inequality; Evidence suggests that there exists a tension between the government’s competing policy goals of achieving economic growth and decreasing inequality. In some cases (notably agricultural policies), the government prioritises its economic growth objectives, which can have a negative impact on vulnerable segments of the population; and despite efforts to combat inequality on the policy-level, several groups remain significantly disadvantaged, including the poorest, women, persons with disabilities and historically marginalised people (HMP). Furthermore, the study also identified the gaps in policy assessments based on non-standard measures (such as food insecurity and land tenure) that may illuminate relevant insights about experienced inequalities in rural and agricultural communities and the impact of policies on these. It also highlighted the limitation on the evidence of policy impacts on vulnerable communities, including youth, persons with disabilities and HMP and thus, there is a need for data that provides insights into the challenges that interlocking inequalities present to policy-makers working to dismantle inequality.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Links Between Education and Child Labour - Orrnert, Anna (2018)
According to recent estimates, approximately 152 million children were engaged in child labour globally in 2016 (ILO 2017a: 5). There are many forms of children's work, involving different levels of demand and danger. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines child labour as work that is detrimental to children, by depriving them of their childhood, their potential and their dignity. Children's work is sometimes distinguished as being hazardous or more benign (e.g., safe and does not undermine schooling), although this distinction is not relevant in all contexts. In some cases, children's work has the potential for both benefit and harm, and assessing harm and benefit in each context may be more useful than applying generalised standards. The worst forms of child labour (as defined by ILO Convention No. 182) are out of scope for this review. In many cases, work interferes with children's formal education by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school; forcing them to drop out prematurely; or requiring them to balance the competing pressures of schooling and work. Since the launch of the global Education for All (EFA) movement, education is often understood to mean formal schooling. However, this definition excludes non-traditional and informal spaces of learning, as well as significant forms of learning that happen in the workplace. Many children's rights organisations and anti-child labour campaigns believe that child labour and education are incompatible, that children's work is an obstacle to EFA, that child labour should be abolished and that education is a key element in its prevention. With regards to hazardous child labour, this view is widely accepted. However, there is a counterview which argues that not all children's work is bad, that children's labour can be compatible with education and learning and that work can actually enable education. This study examines evidence on the links between child labour and education, including the use of education as a tool to bring children out of child labour, poor quality education pushing children out of the classroom and into work, as well as on children who combine work and school. It is one of a two-part series of reports. The second report examines the evidence on short- and long-term impacts of education interventions targeting working children.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

What are the impacts and cost-effectiveness of strategies to improve performance of untrained and under-trained teachers in the classroom in developing countries?: systematic review - Orr, David; Westbrook, Jo; Pryor, John; Durrani, Naureen; Sebba, Judy; Adu-Yeboah, Christine; others (EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London, 2013)
Keywords: C:Low- and middle-income countries; STC-TLC; _C:Afghanistan AFG; _C:Algeria DZA; _C:Angola AGO; _C:Antigua and Barbuda ATG; _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Armenia ARM; _C:Australia AUS; _C:Azerbaijan AZE; _C:Bahrain BHR; _C:Bangladesh BGD; _C:Barbados BRB; _C:Belize BLZ; _C:Benin BEN; _C:Bhutan BTN; _C:Bolivia BOL; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Burkina Faso BFA; _C:Burundi BDI; _C:Cambodia KHM; _C:Cameroon CMR; _C:Canada CAN; _C:Cape Verde CPV; _C:Central African Republic CAF; _C:Chad TCD; _C:Chile CHL; _C:China CHN; _C:Colombia COL; _C:Comoros COM; _C:Congo XCO; _C:Congo, Democratic Republic COD; _C:Costa Rica CRI; _C:Cuba CUB; _C:Djibouti DJI; _C:Dominica DMA; _C:Dominican Republic DOM; _C:Ecuador ECU; _C:Egypt EGY; _C:El Salvador SLV; _C:Eritrea ERI; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Federated States of Micronesia FSM; _C:Fiji FJI; _C:France FRA; _C:Gabon GAB; _C:Gambia GMB; _C:Georgia GEO; _C:Germany DEU; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Grenada GRD; _C:Guatemala GTM; _C:Guinea GIN; _C:Guyana GUY; _C:Haiti HTI; _C:Honduras HND; _C:India IND; _C:Indonesia IDN; _C:Iran IRN; _C:Iraq IRQ; _C:Ivory Coast CIV; _C:Jamaica JAM; _C:Japan JPN; _C:Jordan JOR; _C:Kazakhstan KAZ; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Kiribati KIR; _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Kosovo XKSVO; _C:Kyrgyzstan KGZ; _C:Laos LAO; _C:Lebanon LBN; _C:Lesotho LSO; _C:Liberia LBR; _C:Libya LBY; _C:Madagascar MDG; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Maldives MDV; _C:Mali MLI; _C:Marshall Islands MHL; _C:Mauritania MRT; _C:Mauritius MUS; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Mongolia MNG; _C:Montenegro MNE; _C:Morocco MAR; _C:Mozambique MOZ; _C:Myanmar MMR; _C:Namibia NAM; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Netherlands NLD; _C:Nicaragua NIC; _C:Niger NER; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Oman OMN; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Palau PLW; _C:Panama PAN

What are the impacts and cost-effectiveness of strategies to improve performance of untrained and under-trained teachers in the classroom in developing countries? Systematic review - Orr, David; Westbrook, Jo; Pryor, John; Durrani, Naureen; Sebba, Judy; Adu-Yeboah, Christine (EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, 2013)
Keywords: C:Low- and middle-income countries; ___duplicate_item

Improving Enrollment and Learning Through Videos and Mobiles: Experimental Evidence from Northern Nigeria - Orozco-Olvera, Victor; Rascon-Ramirez, Ericka G. (2022)
School enrollment and learning outcomes often lag far behind in settings where traditional social norms prevail. We present the main findings of a cluster randomized control trial that tested two components of a five-day intervention targeting 6-9-year-old children and their parents in northern Nigeria. These components consisted of community video screenings to reshape parental aspirations and attitudes towards education, and mobile literacy apps. After 12 months, community screenings decreased out-of-school children by 42 percent though did not improve learning outcomes. In half of the treatment communities, we provided an add − on where a third of attending households received a smartphone pre-loaded with gamified and digital library apps. This combined intervention increased literacy and numeracy skills by 0.46 and 0.63σ respectively. Learning impacts on boys and girls were similar in magnitude. The combined intervention had spillovers on non-targeted older children, where we observe an increase in literacy and numeracy skills of 0.34 and 0.47σ, and on adolescents a decrease in parenthood (13%) and early entry into the labor market (14%). Finally, using a standarized metric for reporting gains from education interventions, our results suggest that combining aspirational videos with engaging apps is a highly effective and cost-effective tool, a relevant finding for home-learning interventions targeting rural, low-literate communities that are governed by traditional social norms, where the evidence base remains scarce.
Keywords: Final_citation; aspirations; cited; disruptive technologies; early marriage; early parenthood; existing; learning; school enrollment; self-efficacy

What would make Global Skills Partnerships work in practice? - Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) (OECD Paris, 2018)

Special COVID-19 report - Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, 2022)

Creating Effective Teaching and Learning Environments: First Results from TALIS - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] (OECD, 2009)

Staying ahead: In-service training and teacher professional development - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] (What works in innovation in education, 1998)

Do ResearchGate Scores create ghost academic reputations? - Orduna-Malea, Enrique; Martín-Martín, Alberto; Thelwall, Mike; López-Cózar, Emilio Delgado (Scientometrics, 2017)

Google Scholar as a source for scholarly evaluation: a bibliographic review of database errors - Orduña Malea, Enrique; Martín-Martín, Alberto; Delgado-López-Cózar, Emilio (Revista española de documentación científica, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

ResearchGate como fuente de evaluación científica: desvelando sus aplicaciones bibliométricas - Orduña-Malea, Enrique; Martín-Martín, Alberto; Delgado-López-Cózar, Emilio (Profesional de la Información, 2016)

The next bibliometrics: ALMetrics (Author Level Metrics) and the multiple faces of author impact - Orduña-Malea, Enrique; Martín-Martín, Alberto; Delgado-López-Cózar, Emilio (El profesional de la información (EPI), 2016)

The silent fading of an academic search engine: the case of Microsoft Academic Search - Orduña-Malea, Enrique; Martín-Martín, Alberto; Ayllon, Juan M.; López-Cózar, Emilio Delgado (Online information review, 2014)

About the size of Google Scholar: playing the numbers - Orduña-Malea, Enrique; Ayllón, Juan Manuel; Martín-Martín, Alberto; López-Cózar, Emilio Delgado (arXiv preprint arXiv:1407.6239, 2014)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Methods for estimating the size of Google Scholar - Orduña-Malea, Enrique; Ayllón, Juan M.; Martín-Martín, Alberto; López-Cózar, Emilio Delgado (Scientometrics, 2015)

Orange Education Portal - Orange Sierra Leone (2020)

Conceptualizing teacher professional learning - Opfer, V. Darleen; Pedder, David (Review of Educational Research, 2011)
Keywords: Important; Read

Lifelong learning, lifelong education and adult education in higher institutions of learning in Eastern Africa: The case of Makerere University Institute of Adult and Continuing Education - Openjuru, G.L., (International Journal of Lifelong Education, 2011)
This paper advocates for policy recognition of lifelong learning by institutions of higher learning and governments in Eastern Africa. Lifelong learning and lifelong education are two concepts that aim at widening access to and the participation of adult learners in the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, values and attitudes. There are many reasons for advocating for lifelong learning and education in higher institutions of learning in Eastern Africa. Firstly, the demand for higher education in Eastern Africa has increased phenomenally. Secondly, the need to cope with this fast-changing world calls for a continuous acquisition of new knowledge, skills and attitude. This paper looks at the concepts of lifelong learning (LLL) and lifelong education (LLE) in relation to the changes that are affecting the provision of universitybased learning opportunities for non-traditional students in Eastern Africa, with examples from Makerere University Institute of Adult and Continuing Education in Uganda. In looking at the concepts of LLL and LLE, other concepts of lifewide learning and the learning society are also discussed. Adult learning and adult education are discussed as concepts that are used by adult educators in Eastern Africa with very limited understanding of what they really mean. The confusion in the use of these emerging and popular concepts in Eastern Africa is discussed. The paper presents some recommendations for higher institutions of learning in Eastern Africa to develop a clear understanding of and embrace lifelong learning. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -RRQ:H:final; -RRQ:U:final; A:Africa; A:eastern Africa; CA:AandC; CL:de; CL:en; CL:pt; CLL:en; CLS:en; CT:A; CT:C; CT:F; CT:P; CT:Q; CT:R; CT:T; F:access; F:attitude; F:learning; F:policy; F:teaching; P:measurement; P:teachers; Q:adult education; Q:distance education; Q:higher education; Q:lifelong learning; R:case study; T:continuing education; Z:Adult Education; Z:Adult Educators; Z:Adult Learning; Z:Adult Students; Z:Adult education; Z:African Studies; Z:Case Studies; Z:Concept Teaching; Z:Continuing Education; Z:Continuing education; Z:Definitions; Z:Distance Education; Z:Distance education; Z:Educational Opportunities; Z:Expansion of provision; Z:Foreign Countries; Z:Higher education; Z:Institutional Characteristics; Z:Knowledge; Z:Lifelong Learning; Z:Lifelong learning; Z:Nontraditional Students; Z:Teachers; _C:Uganda UGA; publicImportV1

OpenAlex: The open catalog to the global research system - OpenAlex
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

GPT-4 Technical Report - OpenAI; Achiam, Josh; Adler, Steven; Agarwal, Sandhini; Ahmad, Lama; Akkaya, Ilge; Aleman, Florencia Leoni; Almeida, Diogo; Altenschmidt, Janko; Altman, Sam; Anadkat, Shyamal; Avila, Red; et al. (arXiv, 2023)
We report the development of GPT-4, a large-scale, multimodal model which can accept image and text inputs and produce text outputs. While less capable than humans in many real-world scenarios, GPT-4 exhibits human-level performance on various professional and academic benchmarks, including passing a simulated bar exam with a score around the top 10% of test takers. GPT-4 is a Transformer-based model pre-trained to predict the next token in a document. The post-training alignment process results in improved performance on measures of factuality and adherence to desired behavior. A core component of this project was developing infrastructure and optimization methods that behave predictably across a wide range of scales. This allowed us to accurately predict some aspects of GPT-4's performance based on models trained with no more than 1/1,000th the compute of GPT-4.
Keywords: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science - Computation and Language

21st century learning in Zambia - Open Development & Education - Open Development & Education (2023)
A school-based teacher professional development programme initiated in Zambia around 2010 and later expanded to other countries such as Zambia, Kenya, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone.

A reading list for inclusion and disability in schooling - Open Development & Education (2022)

Evidence collection: Effects of climate change and environmental degradation on learning in LMICs - Open Development & Education (2024)

Evidence Library - Open Development & Education

ODEN TVET-R-SSA (Zotero Library) - Open Development & Education

Technology in Education for Disadvantaged Children - Open Development & Education

TVET Zotero Library Registration - Open Development & Education

Zambia’s Education Sector Support Technical Assistance Facility (ZESSTA) - Open Development & Education - Open Development & Education (2023)
Effective teaching and learning of large cohorts in institutions of higher learning in Zambia: Challenges and opportunities

Program Assessment of Kolibri FLY - Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Knowing the System: Incentives and Education Reforms in Tanzania - Opalo, Ken
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Pedagogy: Instructivism to socio-constructivism through virtual reality - Onyesolo, M.; Nwasor, V.; Ositanwosu, O.; Iwegbuna, O. (International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2013)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The SACMEQ II Project in Kenya: A study of the conditions of schooling and the quality of education. Kenya Working Report, SACMEQ Educational Policy Research Series. Harare and Nairobi: Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) and Kenya Ministry of Education - Onsomu, E.; Nzomo, J.; Obiero, C. (2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

A level and other 16 to 18 results, Academic year 2022/23 - ONS (2023)
In 2022/23 there was a return to pre-pandemic standards for GCSEs, AS and A levels, with protection built into the grading process to recognise the disruption that students have faced. For VTQs that are taken alongside, or instead of, GCSEs and A levels, there was also a return to pre-pandemic standards in 2022/23. More information on qualification grading approaches in 2023 and in 2022 can be found at Exam results 2023: 10 things to know about GCSE, AS and A level grades - The Ofqual blog and Vocational and technical qualifications grading in 2023  - The Ofqual blog and Ofqual’s approach to grading assessments in summer 2022 article. The 16 to 18 performance measures reported in this release for the 2022/23 academic year have been affected by the following factors:  The return to pre-pandemic grading in 2022/23, with some protections.  2023 performance measures may include some qualification grades that were awarded in 2021/22 using a different grading approach. Results achieved between January 2020 and August 2021 are not included in the calculations. The ongoing uneven impacts of the pandemic on different schools/colleges and students. Throughout this release, comparisons are made with 2022 and with 2019. The more meaningful comparison is with 2019, which is the last year that summer exams were taken before the pandemic, as 2023 saw a return to pre-pandemic grading, with some protections. In 2022, outcomes broadly reflected a mid-point between 2019 and 2021, to take account of the impact of the pandemic and in line with Ofqual’s approach to grading in 2022. It is expected that performance in 2023 will generally be lower than in 2022. For this reason, users need to exercise extreme caution when considering comparisons over time, as they may not reflect changes in student performance alone.

Key stage 1 and phonics screening check attainment, Academic year 2022/23 - ONS (2023)
This publication provides the attainment of pupils in the 2023 phonics screening check and key stage 1 (KS1) national curriculum teacher assessments (TA).  It includes statistics for pupils in schools in England: at national level, broken down by the following pupil characteristics: gender, disadvantage, free school meal eligibility, ethnicity, special educational need status, first language and month of birth; at national level, broken down by the following school characteristics: school type, school phase, cohort size and school religious character; at regional and local authority level, broken down by gender. Pupils take the phonics screening check at the end of year 1, typically aged 6. Pupils who do not meet the expected standard take the check again at the end of year 2, typically aged 7.  Pupils are assessed at the end of key stage 1 (year 2) in reading, writing, maths and science. There were no assessments in 2020 and 2021 due to the pandemic.  End of KS1 assessments will become non-statutory from the 2023/24 academic year onwards. Optional assessments will still be offered, but these statistics will not be published in 2023/24. The phonics screening check attainment section of this publication will continue to be published to the same schedule.  All gaps and percentage point differences are calculated from unrounded figures.

Key stage 2 attainment, Academic year 2022/23 - ONS (2023)
This publication provides revised attainment and progress statistics for key stage 2 national curriculum assessments in England. It is an update to the provisional statistics published on 12 September 2023 and extends the Key stage 2: National headlines statistics published on 11 July 2023. Progress measures of pupils between key stage 1 and key stage 2 are included. These statistics cover attainment in assessments taken by pupils at the end of year 6, when most are age 11.   It includes results for pupils in schools in England: at national level, broken down by the following pupil characteristics: gender, disadvantage, free school meal eligibility, ethnicity, special educational need status, first language and month of birth; at national level, broken down by the following school characteristics: school type, school phase, cohort size and school religious character; at regional and local authority level, broken down by pupil characteristics: gender, disadvantage, free school meal eligibility, ethnicity, special educational need status and first language; at local authority district, school location and pupil residency broken down by disadvantage, free school meal eligibility and school type.  Some of these breakdowns are not discussed in the text but can be accessed via the table tool or by downloading the data files. All gaps and percentage point differences are calculated from unrounded figures.

Key stage 4 performance, Academic year 2022/23 - ONS (2023)
This statistical release focuses on the GCSE results of pupils at the end of Key Stage 4 (KS4) attending state-funded schools in England. This provisional release includes pupil characteristic breakdowns such as disadvantage status, free school meal status, special educational needs status and ethnicity. In 2022/23 there was a return to pre-pandemic standards for GCSEs, AS and A levels, with protection built into the grading process to recognise the disruption that students have faced. For VTQs that are taken alongside, or instead, of GCSEs and A levels, there was also a return to pre-pandemic standards in 2022/23. More information on qualification grading approaches in 2023 and in 2022 can be found at Exam results 2023: 10 things to know about GCSE, AS and A level grades - The Ofqual blog and Vocational and technical qualifications grading in 2023   - The Ofqual blog and Ofqual’s announced approach to grading assessments in summer 2022. The KS4 performance measures reported in this release, and on the performance tables website, for the 2022/23 academic year have been affected by the following factors:   The return to pre-pandemic grading in 2022/23, with some protections.  2022/23 performance measures may include some qualification grades that were awarded in 2021/22 using a different grading approach. Results achieved between January 2020 and August 2021, by pupils included in 2022/23 measures, are not included in the calculations. The ongoing uneven impacts of the pandemic on different schools/colleges and pupils. For more information on how we calculate performance measures, and the factors affecting measures for 2022/23, please see the KS4 technical guide. Throughout this release, comparisons are made with 2022 and with 2019. The more meaningful comparison is with 2019, the last year that summer exams were taken before the pandemic, as 2023 saw a return to pre-pandemic grading, with some protections. In 2022 outcomes broadly reflected a mid-point between 2019 and 2021, to take account of the impact of the pandemic and in line with Ofqual’s approach to grading in 2022. It is expected that performance in 2023 will generally be lower than in 2022. For this reason, users need to exercise extreme caution when considering comparisons over time, as they may not reflect changes in pupil performance alone. To find out more about this, please visit our secondary accountability measures guide.

"For us it was a learning experience": design, development and implementation of blended learning - Onguko, Brown; Jepchumba, Lucy; Gaceri, Petronilla (European Journal of Training and Development, 2013)
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to share reflections of the three authors on the process of instructional design and implementation of blended learning for teachers' professional development (PD) in rural western Kenya. It proposes reforms in provision of teachers' professional development to enable professional development providers to access specialized skills in instructional design (ID) and blended learning. Design/methodology/approach - The paper resulted from a design-based research including 12 entry and 12 exit interviews, observations of three face-to-face meetings of blended learning sessions and ten classroom observations of teachers implementing new teaching approaches learned through blended learning. Findings - The paper provides insights into the authors' experiences in this research. They shared the following reflections: engagement in ID empowered them and they are confident that they can engage in systematic instructional design on a larger scale; they gained technical knowledge and skills in authoring content in HTML on eXe open source platform; uploading the content and processing audio and video content was equally enthralling to them. Research limitations/implications - Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to consider incorporating the design-based research, instructional design and blended learning approaches used in this study while conducting related research in their dissimilar contexts. Practical implications - The paper includes implications for the design, development and implementation of teachers' professional development for challenging contexts as a contribution towards achievement of both Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Education for All (EFA). Originality/value - This paper fulfils an identified need to study provision of professional development for teachers who lack opportunities for professional development.
Keywords: 5220:Information technology management; 8306:Schools and educational services; 9177:Africa; Appropriate technology; Audio recordings; Business And Economics--Management; Instructional design; Kenya; Personal development; Professional development; Research; Rural schools; Teaching; Technological change; Training; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096396; ___working_potential_duplicate; __finaldtb

JiFUNzeni: a blended learning approach for sustainable teachers' professional development - Onguko, Brown Bully (The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 2014)
Keywords: Final_citation; cited; existing; ⛔ No DOI found

JiFUNzeni: a blended learning approach for sustainable teachers' professional development - Onguko, Brown Bully (The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 2014)
JiFUNzeni blended learning approach is a sustainable approach to provision of professional development (PD) for those in challenging educational contexts. JiFUNzeni approach emphasizes training regional experts to create blended learning content, working with appropriate technology while building content repositories. JiFUNzeni approach was field tested though a design-based research intervention conducted in rural western Kenya. The field test included design, development and implementation of a blended learning course for teachers' professional development utilizing appropriate technologies including tablets powered by solar energy, open educational resources and open source software. One year after the intervention, there were follow-up interviews conducted with eight of the ten teachers and two PDTs who participated in the research. The findings from the follow-up interviews shared in this paper revealed that: teachers still used cooperative learning and activity-based learning strategies in their teaching. The PDTs on the other hand designed, developed and implemented one other jiFUNzeni blended learning course for twelve teachers in one school in Korogocho in Nairobi city. Implementation by PDTs of jiFUNzeni approach confirmed that they had learned through a sustainable way of delivering professional development in challenging educational contexts. The PDTs utilized the instructional design approaches learned through their participation in the research in designing blended learning content, while they also innovated new ways of developing self-study content as an important creative addition to what they had previously learned. Two teenage children participated in digital content development by advising the PDTs on more efficient ways of applying technology attesting to the fact that digital natives are important reciprocal supporters to digital immigrants and vice versa. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Keywords: Cooperative learning; Distance learning; Education--Computer Applications; Internet; Kenya; Sustainability; Training; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096405; ___working_potential_duplicate; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Context and Appropriate Technology: The Unavoidable Partnership - Onguko, Brown (2012)
Teachers in rural parts of Kenya lack opportunities for professional development (PD). In addition, the teachers have no access to eLearning opportunities like their colleagues in urban parts. Among the factors that do not favor Kenyan rural teachers’ access to PD through eLearning include: lack of access to relevant technologies and lack of electricity. This paper shares research findings on provision of teachers’ PD through a blended learning approach, utilizing appropriate technologies in a rural school in western Kenya. Ten teachers and two Professional Development Teachers (PDTs) participated in this research. In the study, teachers’ needs assessment was done, to inform the instructional design on the topic: How to teach a large class of mixed ability students. The PD was implemented by engaging teachers in a variety of activities including: pairs of teachers collaboratively using a tablet to access self-study content; teachers studying through multimedia content; teachers planning and delivering lessons using activity-based learning and cooperative learning approaches; and PDTs and teachers participating in fortnightly face-to-face meetings. The findings of the study suggest that teaching practices of rural educators can be improved working with local experts to create locally-relevant content for needs-based PD, implemented in a blended learning approach while providing technology stewardship. Teachers accessed and studied through offline content; planned for and implemented cooperative learning and activity-based learning in lessons, using locally available materials; engaged in reflective conversations on successes and challenges; and spontaneously engaged in very lively professional dialogues. While teachers appreciated that it took long to prepare for active learning lessons, it was less strenuous to implement the lessons, because the students took responsibility for their own learning.
Keywords: __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096499; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found